PRODUCT PROMOTION

Purposes of product promotion.
Personal selling of products.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Give the meaning of a product and product promotion.
Explain the purposes of product promotion.
Explain factors considered when choosing method of product promotion.

In groups, learners are guided to:



Brain storming;
Oral questions;
Explanations;
Discussion.

text book

New Inventor KLB BOOK II Pg 111-2

PRODUCT PROMOTION

Personal selling procedure. Advantages & disadvantages of personal selling.
Shows, trade fairs and exhibitions.
Advertising. Definition & aims of advertising.
Types of advertising.
Advertisement media. Newspapers, magazines and periodicals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight steps involved in personal selling.


State advantages &disadvantages of personal selling.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming;
Oral questions;
Simulations / role playing;
Discussion.

text book
newspaper,magazines

New Inventor KLB BOOK II Pg 113-4



Pg 117-8

PRODUCT PROMOTION

Posters, billboards & transit advertising.
Electronic advertising.
Advertising agencies. Advantages & disadvantages of Advertisement.
Publicity.
Public relations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages posters, billboards & transit advertising.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming;
Probing questions
Discussion.

television,text book
tv,video
tv,newspaper
text book

New Inventor KLB BOOK II Pg 122-4

PRODUCT PROMOTION

Other methods of product promotion.
Sales promotion Definition and importance.
Methods of sales promotion.
Ethical issues in product promotion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight other methods of product promotion.
State advantages & disadvantages of named method.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Probing questions and brief discussion on window display, direct mail advertising, cataloguing, discounts, coupons, etc.

text book,tv
tv,magazines
text book

New Inventor KLB BOOK IIPg 131-133.

PRODUCT PROMOTION
SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Current trends and emerging issues in product promotion.
Concept of firm and industry, factors determining size of firm

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the impacts of current trends and emerging issues in product promotion.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Probing questions on effects of internet & HIV/AIDS, influence on the youth, pollution, mobile phones, convoys, etc.
Open discussion.

internet,magazines
Textbook, local business examples, charts, case studies

New Inventor KLB BOOK IIPg 136-8

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Factors limiting firm size and production decisions
Government policies and location factors - comprehensive analysis
Transport networks, security and localization concepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify and explain factors limiting firm size
-Analyze market size impact on firm expansion
-Examine availability of factors of production
-Discuss nature of product/service limitations
-Evaluate owner's decision impact on firm size
-Explain entrepreneurial decisions on production
-Analyze factors influencing what to produce
-Examine demand, resources and skills requirements
-Discuss technology, returns and cost considerations

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Case studies on transport industry reforms 2004
-Discussion on medical care and hairdressing services
-Analysis of owner preferences for small-scale operations
-Group work on production decision factors
-Examination of market demand analysis
-Discussion on resource availability for production
-Analysis of skill requirements for different businesses
-Case studies on technology choice decisions

Textbook, transport industry examples, service business cases, charts
Textbook, government policy examples, Figure 2.1, infrastructure maps
Textbook, transport maps, security examples, agricultural cases

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 19-20

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Advantages and disadvantages of localization
Delocalisation policy and implementation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify and explain employment creation through localization
-Analyze service industries development benefits
-Examine subsidiary industries creation
-Discuss economies of scale benefits
-Evaluate development and urbanization advantages
-Analyze congestion and overpopulation problems
-Examine increased crime rate issues
-Discuss adverse environmental problems
-Evaluate unbalanced regional development effects
-Assess massive unemployment possibilities

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on employment opportunities creation
-Analysis of specialized service industries growth
-Case studies on subsidiary industries development
-Group work on large-scale production benefits
-Examination of infrastructure development
-Discussion on rural-urban migration effects
-Analysis of congestion and health hazards
-Case studies on crime and prostitution increases
-Examination of environmental pollution problems
-Discussion on regional development imbalances

Textbook, employment data, environmental examples, urban planning cases
Textbook, government policy documents, rural development cases

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 23-24

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Advantages and disadvantages of delocalisation
Economies of scale - internal economies comprehensive analysis
External economies and specialization benefits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze balanced economic development benefits
-Examine raw materials market creation
-Discuss employment creation in many parts
-Evaluate service delivery to rural areas
-Assess urbanization acceleration benefits
-Analyze social problems reduction
-Examine difficulty in attracting required personnel
-Discuss challenges in accessing essential services
-Evaluate pollution and social evils spread
-Assess tax burden on government and taxpayers

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on balanced economic development
-Analysis of local raw materials market creation
-Case studies on rural employment creation
-Group work on rural service delivery improvement
-Examination of rural urbanization acceleration
-Discussion on reduced social problems
-Analysis of personnel attraction difficulties
-Case studies on essential services access
-Examination of pollution spread to rural areas
-Discussion on government incentive costs

Textbook, rural development examples, cost-benefit analysis
Textbook, business examples, machinery illustrations, financial cases
Textbook, industry examples, infrastructure maps, specialization cases

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 25

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Diseconomies of scale - internal and external
Existence of small firms and their advantages

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define diseconomies of scale and their causes
-Analyze Figure 2.2 LAC curve and diminishing returns
-Examine internal diseconomies affecting single firms
-Discuss marketing diseconomies and limited markets
-Analyze management diseconomies and complexity
-Examine factor market diseconomies and shortages
-Discuss overhead diseconomies and rising costs
-Evaluate technical diseconomies and capacity utilization
-Analyze external diseconomies affecting all firms
-Examine congestion, raw material and skilled labor shortages

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Analysis of Figure 2.2 and cost curve explanation
-Discussion on average cost increases
-Case studies on marketing difficulties
-Examination of management complexity problems
-Group work on factor shortage effects
-Analysis of overhead cost increases
-Discussion on equipment underutilization
-Case studies on industry-wide problems
-Examination of congestion and traffic costs
-Discussion on power shortages and rationing

Textbook, Figure 2.2, cost analysis examples, industry cases
Textbook, small business examples, market analysis, comparison charts

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 28-29

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM

Environmental impact and health implications
Maintaining healthy environment and business responsibility
Pertinent issues - workers' rights and child labor

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify production activities' environmental effects
-Analyze environmental degradation from farming
-Examine desertification from deforestation
-Discuss air pollution from industrial activities
-Analyze water pollution from factory chemicals
-Examine solid waste pollution problems
-Evaluate community health endangerment
-Discuss disease vector habitat creation
-Analyze respiratory diseases from air pollution
-Examine aquatic life extermination effects

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on environmental degradation causes
-Analysis of soil fertility reduction
-Case studies on deforestation effects
-Examination of mining dust and factory gases
-Group work on water pollution sources
-Discussion on chemical drainage effects
-Analysis of garbage disposal problems
-Case studies on community health effects
-Examination of disease vector habitats
-Discussion on long-term environmental damage

Textbook, environmental examples, health data, pollution cases
Textbook, environmental conservation examples, law documents
Textbook, labor law documents, case studies, Children's Act

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 30-31

SIZE AND LOCATION OF A FIRM
POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Environmental degradation, localization effects and practical applications
Introduction to population and sources of data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze environmental degradation from production
-Examine waste disposal and pollution control
-Discuss global warming contribution
-Evaluate localization concentration effects
-Analyze unplanned urban development
-Examine congestion and housing shortages
-Discuss crime and prostitution increases
-Evaluate government intervention needs
-Apply all concepts to real business situations
-Prepare comprehensive assessment review

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on environmental responsibility
-Analysis of waste disposal methods
-Case studies on global warming effects
-Group work on localization problems
-Examination of urban planning challenges
-Discussion on social problem increases
-Analysis of government intervention strategies
-Practical application exercises
-Comprehensive review of all concepts
-Assessment preparation activities

Textbook, environmental cases, urban planning examples, assessment materials
Textbook, census examples, demographic data

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 32-33

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Sample surveys and registration methods
Basic population concepts - fertility and birth rates
Mortality rates and migration concepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze sample surveys as population data source
-Examine Kenya National Bureau of Statistics role
-Discuss sample survey advantages
-Analyze registration of births and deaths
-Examine certificate issuance process
-Evaluate fertility, mortality, migration components

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on sample survey benefits
-Analysis of KNBS functions
-Case studies on birth/death registration
-Group work on survey advantages
-Examination of migration effects
-Practical examples of registration systems

Textbook, survey examples, registration cases
Textbook, Example 6.1, calculators, formula sheets
Textbook, Figure 6.1, Example 6.2, calculators

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 72-73

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Population growth rates and African comparisons
Overpopulation - definition and advantages

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define population growth rate formula
-Analyze natural increase rate calculation
-Examine Kenya's growth rate trends
-Analyze Table 6.1 African countries comparison
-Discuss population vs economic growth rates
-Evaluate unfavorable economic positions

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on growth rate concepts
-Analysis of Table 6.1 comprehensive study
-Case studies on Kenya's trends
-Group work on country comparisons
-Examination of economic implications
-Practical growth rate calculations

Textbook, Table 6.1, calculators, comparison charts
Textbook, overpopulation examples, advantage cases

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 75-76

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Disadvantages of overpopulation
Under-population and declining population

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze rural-urban migration effects
-Examine poor living standards
-Discuss food shortages and famines
-Evaluate inflationary tendencies
-Analyze increased dependency burden
-Examine strain on social amenities

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on migration problems
-Analysis of living standard deterioration
-Case studies on food shortages
-Group work on inflation effects
-Examination of dependency issues
-Practical examples of social strain

Textbook, migration examples, shortage cases
Textbook, under-population examples, decline cases

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 77-78

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Optimum population and dependency concepts
Ageing and young populations
Population structure and Kenya's demographics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define optimum population concept
-Analyze Figure 6.3 population curves
-Examine equilibrium between population and resources
-Define dependency ratio/burden
-Analyze dependency ratio measurement
-Examine high dependency effects on development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on optimum population
-Analysis of Figure 6.3 comprehensive study
-Case studies on resource equilibrium
-Group work on dependency calculations
-Examination of development effects
-Practical examples of dependency burden

Textbook, Figure 6.3, dependency examples
Textbook, ageing examples, youth cases
Textbook, Tables 6.2 and 6.3, demographic data

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 79-80

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Population pyramids and international comparisons
Economic growth vs development and population effects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze Figures 6.4 and 6.5 population pyramids
-Compare developing vs developed country structures
-Examine bloated bottom vs middle characteristics
-Discuss workforce distribution patterns
-Analyze ageing population indicators
-Evaluate structural implications for development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on population pyramids
-Analysis of Figures 6.4 and 6.5 comparison
-Case studies on country differences
-Group work on pyramid interpretation
-Examination of workforce implications
-Practical examples of structural analysis

Textbook, Figures 6.4 and 6.5, pyramid examples
Textbook, formula sheets, development examples

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 83-84

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Population effects on technology, land, and labor
Population control methods and employment concepts
Unemployment types and causes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze unemployment from high population
-Examine technology dependency effects
-Discuss land fragmentation problems
-Analyze labor force quality issues
-Examine social problems from overcrowding
-Evaluate Figure 6.6 vicious cycle

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on unemployment causes
-Analysis of technology challenges
-Case studies on land fragmentation
-Group work on labor quality
-Examination of Figure 6.6 cycle
-Practical examples of population pressure

Textbook, Figure 6.6, land examples
Textbook, control examples, employment cases
Textbook, Figure 6.7, unemployment examples

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 85-86

POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT

Technological and other unemployment types
Solving unemployment and pertinent issues
Pertinent issues - data honesty, HIV/AIDS, and poverty
Learning activities, review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze technological unemployment
-Examine ATM effects on bank employment
-Discuss frictional unemployment
-Analyze residual and casual unemployment
-Examine unemployment causes in Kenya
-Evaluate high production costs

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discussion on technological changes
-Analysis of ATM impact examples
-Case studies on Kenyan unemployment
-Group work on production costs
-Examination of casual employment
-Practical examples of technology effects

Textbook, technology examples, cost cases
Textbook, Figure 6.9, solution examples
Textbook, Figure 6.10, poverty examples
Research guides, interview forms, assessment materials

Trendy Business Studies Form 3 Pg 88-89