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SCHEME OF WORK
Physics
Grade 10 2026
TERM III
School


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WK LSN STRAND SUB-STRAND LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING EXPERIENCES KEY INQUIRY QUESTIONS LEARNING RESOURCES ASSESSMENT METHODS REFLECTION
1

REOPENING

2 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Greenhouse effect and climate change in the environment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change
- Demonstrate the greenhouse effect using simple apparatus
- Connect the greenhouse effect to everyday observations like hot car interiors on sunny days
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss with peers the meaning of greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change
- Carry out activities using plastic bottles/jars and thermometers to demonstrate greenhouse effect
- Use digital resources to search for information on greenhouse effect and climate change
How does the greenhouse effect influence Earth's temperature?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 297
- Clear plastic bottles/jars
- Thermometers
- Plastic wrap
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
2 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Greenhouse effect and climate change in the environment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change
- Demonstrate the greenhouse effect using simple apparatus
- Connect the greenhouse effect to everyday observations like hot car interiors on sunny days
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss with peers the meaning of greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change
- Carry out activities using plastic bottles/jars and thermometers to demonstrate greenhouse effect
- Use digital resources to search for information on greenhouse effect and climate change
How does the greenhouse effect influence Earth's temperature?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 297
- Clear plastic bottles/jars
- Thermometers
- Plastic wrap
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
2 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Physical drivers of climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere
- Illustrate the process of heat absorption and re-emission by greenhouse gases
- Relate the greenhouse effect to temperature changes experienced in greenhouses and parked vehicles
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study diagrams showing physical drivers of climate change
- Discuss with peers how greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation
- Use print or non-print media to search for more information on climate change drivers
Why is the Earth warmer than it would be without greenhouse gases?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 298
- Charts showing greenhouse effect
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written tests
2 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Physical drivers of climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere
- Illustrate the process of heat absorption and re-emission by greenhouse gases
- Relate the greenhouse effect to temperature changes experienced in greenhouses and parked vehicles
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study diagrams showing physical drivers of climate change
- Discuss with peers how greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation
- Use print or non-print media to search for more information on climate change drivers
Why is the Earth warmer than it would be without greenhouse gases?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 298
- Charts showing greenhouse effect
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written tests
3 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Factors leading to greenhouse effect
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify human activities that contribute to greenhouse effect
- Explain how burning fossil fuels and deforestation increase greenhouse gases
- Connect industrial emissions to air quality changes observed in urban areas
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation and industrial processes contribute to greenhouse effect
- Analyse pictures showing human activities that lead to greenhouse effect
- Visit nearby areas to observe sources of greenhouse gas emissions
What human activities increase greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 299
- Pictures of industrial activities
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Factors leading to greenhouse effect
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify human activities that contribute to greenhouse effect
- Explain how burning fossil fuels and deforestation increase greenhouse gases
- Connect industrial emissions to air quality changes observed in urban areas
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation and industrial processes contribute to greenhouse effect
- Analyse pictures showing human activities that lead to greenhouse effect
- Visit nearby areas to observe sources of greenhouse gas emissions
What human activities increase greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 299
- Pictures of industrial activities
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Factors leading to greenhouse effect
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify human activities that contribute to greenhouse effect
- Explain how burning fossil fuels and deforestation increase greenhouse gases
- Connect industrial emissions to air quality changes observed in urban areas
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation and industrial processes contribute to greenhouse effect
- Analyse pictures showing human activities that lead to greenhouse effect
- Visit nearby areas to observe sources of greenhouse gas emissions
What human activities increase greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 299
- Pictures of industrial activities
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Agricultural and livestock contributions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how agricultural practices contribute to greenhouse effect
- Analyse the role of livestock farming in methane production
- Relate agricultural activities in local farms to greenhouse gas emissions
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how livestock farming releases methane and fertilizer use produces nitrous oxide
- Use digital resources to search for information on agricultural contributions to greenhouse effect
- Share findings with classmates for peer learning
How do farming activities contribute to climate change?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 300
- Charts showing greenhouse gas sources
- Digital devices
- Group discussions - Oral questions - Written tests
3 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Agricultural and livestock contributions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how agricultural practices contribute to greenhouse effect
- Analyse the role of livestock farming in methane production
- Relate agricultural activities in local farms to greenhouse gas emissions
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how livestock farming releases methane and fertilizer use produces nitrous oxide
- Use digital resources to search for information on agricultural contributions to greenhouse effect
- Share findings with classmates for peer learning
How do farming activities contribute to climate change?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 300
- Charts showing greenhouse gas sources
- Digital devices
- Group discussions - Oral questions - Written tests
4 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Role of ozone layer
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the structure and location of the ozone layer
- Describe the role of ozone layer in protecting Earth from UV radiation
- Connect ozone layer protection to reduced cases of sunburns and skin conditions
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for information on ozone layer
- Study diagrams showing the ozone layer and its role
- Discuss the importance of ozone layer in protecting life on Earth
What would happen to life on Earth without the ozone layer?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 301
- Diagrams of ozone layer
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations
4 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Role of ozone layer
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the structure and location of the ozone layer
- Describe the role of ozone layer in protecting Earth from UV radiation
- Connect ozone layer protection to reduced cases of sunburns and skin conditions
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for information on ozone layer
- Study diagrams showing the ozone layer and its role
- Discuss the importance of ozone layer in protecting life on Earth
What would happen to life on Earth without the ozone layer?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 301
- Diagrams of ozone layer
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations
4 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Ozone depletion and climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain causes of ozone layer depletion
- Describe the link between ozone depletion and climate change
- Relate the ban on CFCs to efforts in preserving the ozone layer
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how CFCs and other chemicals deplete the ozone layer
- Search for information on the relationship between ozone depletion and climate change
- Discuss the effects of ozone depleting substances on climate
How does ozone layer depletion affect climate change?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 301
- Charts on ozone depletion
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
4 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Ozone depletion and climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain causes of ozone layer depletion
- Describe the link between ozone depletion and climate change
- Relate the ban on CFCs to efforts in preserving the ozone layer
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how CFCs and other chemicals deplete the ozone layer
- Search for information on the relationship between ozone depletion and climate change
- Discuss the effects of ozone depleting substances on climate
How does ozone layer depletion affect climate change?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 301
- Charts on ozone depletion
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
4 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Ozone depletion and climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain causes of ozone layer depletion
- Describe the link between ozone depletion and climate change
- Relate the ban on CFCs to efforts in preserving the ozone layer
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how CFCs and other chemicals deplete the ozone layer
- Search for information on the relationship between ozone depletion and climate change
- Discuss the effects of ozone depleting substances on climate
How does ozone layer depletion affect climate change?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 301
- Charts on ozone depletion
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
5 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Strategies for mitigating climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions
- Explain how renewable energy and reforestation help mitigate climate change
- Connect tree planting initiatives in schools to carbon dioxide reduction
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for mitigating factors against climate change
- Discuss the role of renewable energy, reforestation and energy efficiency in reducing emissions
- Analyse pictures showing various mitigation strategies
What can individuals and communities do to reduce climate change effects?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 302
- Pictures of renewable energy sources
- Digital resources
- Group discussions - Oral questions - Project work
5 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Strategies for mitigating climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions
- Explain how renewable energy and reforestation help mitigate climate change
- Connect tree planting initiatives in schools to carbon dioxide reduction
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for mitigating factors against climate change
- Discuss the role of renewable energy, reforestation and energy efficiency in reducing emissions
- Analyse pictures showing various mitigation strategies
What can individuals and communities do to reduce climate change effects?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 302
- Pictures of renewable energy sources
- Digital resources
- Group discussions - Oral questions - Project work
5 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Effects of climate change on environment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the impacts of climate change on weather patterns, water bodies and vegetation
- Analyse changes in local environment due to climate change
- Connect observed changes in local rivers and lakes to climate change effects
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the effects of climate change on global temperatures, weather patterns, water levels and vegetation
- Demonstrate effects of climate change in the immediate environment
- Initiate a school project to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions
How has climate change affected your local environment?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 305
- Pictures showing climate change effects
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Project presentations
5 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change - Effects of climate change on environment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the impacts of climate change on weather patterns, water bodies and vegetation
- Analyse changes in local environment due to climate change
- Connect observed changes in local rivers and lakes to climate change effects
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the effects of climate change on global temperatures, weather patterns, water levels and vegetation
- Demonstrate effects of climate change in the immediate environment
- Initiate a school project to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions
How has climate change affected your local environment?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 305
- Pictures showing climate change effects
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Project presentations
5 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Big Bang Theory
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the Big Bang Theory on the origin of the universe
- Describe the evidence supporting the Big Bang Theory
- Connect the expanding universe concept to observable phenomena like distant galaxies moving away
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital devices or reference materials to search for information on Big Bang Theory
- Discuss the origin of universe according to Big Bang Theory
- Share findings with classmates for peer review
How did the universe begin according to the Big Bang Theory?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 308
- Charts on Big Bang Theory
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments
6 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Stars, planets and satellites
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define celestial bodies and give examples
- Classify celestial bodies as stars, planets and satellites
- Relate the sun as a star to the light and heat we receive daily
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study photos of celestial bodies in space
- Discuss the characteristics of stars, planets and satellites
- Use digital resources to search for types of celestial bodies
What celestial bodies can you observe in the night sky?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 309
- Photos of celestial bodies
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
6 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Stars, planets and satellites
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define celestial bodies and give examples
- Classify celestial bodies as stars, planets and satellites
- Relate the sun as a star to the light and heat we receive daily
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study photos of celestial bodies in space
- Discuss the characteristics of stars, planets and satellites
- Use digital resources to search for types of celestial bodies
What celestial bodies can you observe in the night sky?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 309
- Photos of celestial bodies
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
6 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Stars, planets and satellites
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define celestial bodies and give examples
- Classify celestial bodies as stars, planets and satellites
- Relate the sun as a star to the light and heat we receive daily
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study photos of celestial bodies in space
- Discuss the characteristics of stars, planets and satellites
- Use digital resources to search for types of celestial bodies
What celestial bodies can you observe in the night sky?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 309
- Photos of celestial bodies
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
6 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Stars, planets and satellites
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define celestial bodies and give examples
- Classify celestial bodies as stars, planets and satellites
- Relate the sun as a star to the light and heat we receive daily
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study photos of celestial bodies in space
- Discuss the characteristics of stars, planets and satellites
- Use digital resources to search for types of celestial bodies
What celestial bodies can you observe in the night sky?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 309
- Photos of celestial bodies
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
6 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Asteroids, comets, meteors and galaxies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe asteroids, comets, meteors and galaxies
- Differentiate between various celestial bodies
- Connect shooting stars observed at night to meteors entering Earth's atmosphere
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the characteristics of asteroids, comets, meteors and galaxies
- Use digital resources to search for information on various celestial bodies
- Share findings with classmates for comparison
Why do shooting stars appear as streaks of light in the sky?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 311
- Pictures of comets and galaxies
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments
7 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Space exploration methods and telescopy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Outline the evolution of astrophysics as a scientific discipline
- Describe various methods of space exploration including telescopes
- Connect telescope observations to discoveries about distant planets and stars
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for information on evolution of astrophysics
- Discuss various space exploration methods including robotic probes and telescopes
- Construct a simple telescope using locally available materials
How do scientists explore and study objects in space?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 312
- Lenses, manila paper, glue
- Pictures of telescopes
- Digital devices
- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions
7 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Space exploration methods and telescopy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Outline the evolution of astrophysics as a scientific discipline
- Describe various methods of space exploration including telescopes
- Connect telescope observations to discoveries about distant planets and stars
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for information on evolution of astrophysics
- Discuss various space exploration methods including robotic probes and telescopes
- Construct a simple telescope using locally available materials
How do scientists explore and study objects in space?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 312
- Lenses, manila paper, glue
- Pictures of telescopes
- Digital devices
- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions
7 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Space exploration methods and telescopy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Outline the evolution of astrophysics as a scientific discipline
- Describe various methods of space exploration including telescopes
- Connect telescope observations to discoveries about distant planets and stars
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital resources to search for information on evolution of astrophysics
- Discuss various space exploration methods including robotic probes and telescopes
- Construct a simple telescope using locally available materials
How do scientists explore and study objects in space?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 312
- Lenses, manila paper, glue
- Pictures of telescopes
- Digital devices
- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions
7 4
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Motion of planets around the sun
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion
- Describe how planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths
- Connect seasonal changes on Earth to its orbital motion around the sun
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study models of planetary motion with respect to the sun
- Discuss how planets move around their orbits
- Use digital resources to search for information on Kepler's laws
Why do planets follow elliptical orbits around the sun?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 316
- Models of solar system
- Charts on Kepler's laws
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written tests
7 5
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Motion of planets around the sun
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion
- Describe how planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths
- Connect seasonal changes on Earth to its orbital motion around the sun
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study models of planetary motion with respect to the sun
- Discuss how planets move around their orbits
- Use digital resources to search for information on Kepler's laws
Why do planets follow elliptical orbits around the sun?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 316
- Models of solar system
- Charts on Kepler's laws
- Digital resources
- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written tests
8 1
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Careers in space exploration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify career opportunities in astrophysics and space exploration
- Describe roles of various professionals in space science
- Connect space research careers to technological advancements like satellite communication and weather forecasting
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss possible careers in studying astrophysics and space exploration
- Use digital resources to search for careers in space science
- Engage resource persons or use print media to explore career paths
What career opportunities exist in the field of space science?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 318
- Career charts
- Digital devices
- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments
8 2
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Careers in space exploration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify career opportunities in astrophysics and space exploration
- Describe roles of various professionals in space science
- Connect space research careers to technological advancements like satellite communication and weather forecasting
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss possible careers in studying astrophysics and space exploration
- Use digital resources to search for careers in space science
- Engage resource persons or use print media to explore career paths
What career opportunities exist in the field of space science?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 318
- Career charts
- Digital devices
- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments
8 3
Environmental and Space Physics
Introduction to Space Physics - Careers in space exploration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify career opportunities in astrophysics and space exploration
- Describe roles of various professionals in space science
- Connect space research careers to technological advancements like satellite communication and weather forecasting
In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss possible careers in studying astrophysics and space exploration
- Use digital resources to search for careers in space science
- Engage resource persons or use print media to explore career paths
What career opportunities exist in the field of space science?
- Spotlight Physics Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 318
- Career charts
- Digital devices
- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments
9

ASSESSMENT AND CLOSING

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