Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Meaning: laundering & disinfecting
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Methods overview
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using sunlight
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using salt
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using boiling
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using disinfectants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the terms laundering and disinfecting and explain the difference between them.
- Identify the clothing and household articles that should be disinfected.
- Appreciate the importance of disinfecting as a hygiene practice beyond regular washing.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the meaning of laundering and disinfecting and explain why washing alone does not kill microorganisms.
- Identify clothing and articles that must be disinfected: work clothes, sports attire, baby clothing, bedding, clothing of the sick and personal items.
- Share experiences on how clothing is currently laundered and disinfected at home.

What is the difference between laundering and disinfecting, and what items need disinfecting?

- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 78
- Relevant textbooks and digital devices
- Sample clothing and household articles for reference
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 80
- Relevant textbooks, charts and digital devices
- Sample clothing labels showing fabric types
- White cotton clothing for reference
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 81
- Handkerchief, salt, basins and water for reference
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 82
- Tea towels, sufuria, source of heat and tongs for reference
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 83
- Woollen gloves, antiseptic and basins for reference

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Hygiene Practices
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques
Production Techniques

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using ironing
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Safety precautions
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: aprons using sunlight
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: gloves using disinfectants
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: white cotton towel by boiling
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: dustcoat by ironing
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: handkerchiefs using salt
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Practical: socks using disinfectant
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Importance of disinfecting clothing & articles
Grafting in Plants - Meaning & methods
Grafting in Plants - Observing the process
Grafting in Plants - Reasons for grafting
Grafting in Plants - Grafting for aesthetic purposes (theory)
Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for aesthetic purposes (Day 1)
Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for aesthetic purposes (Day 2)
Grafting in Plants - Grafting for rejuvenation (theory)
Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for rejuvenation (Day 1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how ironing at high temperatures eradicates microorganisms on clothing and household articles.
- Describe the fabrics suitable for disinfecting by ironing and those that cannot withstand heat.
- Appreciate the importance of ensuring items are completely dry after ironing to prevent mildew growth.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how high ironing temperatures kill microorganisms and the duration of exposure needed for effective disinfection.
- Explain which fabrics are suitable for ironing disinfection: cotton and linen, and which are not: silk and wool.
- Describe the procedure for disinfecting a cotton pillowcase by ironing: wash, rinse, dry inside out in sun, iron with a hot iron box and store (Activity 8).

How is ironing used to disinfect clothing and household articles?

- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 84
- Relevant textbooks, charts and digital devices
- Cotton pillowcase, iron box and ironing board for reference
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 80
- Protective gear for demonstration
- Aprons, basins, hot water, soap and pegs
- School open area with direct sunlight
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 83
- Woollen gloves, warm water, soap, basins, antiseptic and drying rack or towel
- Appropriate practical space
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 82
- White cotton towel, sufuria, source of heat, tongs, basins, soap and pegs
- Cotton dustcoat, basins, hot water, soap, pegs, iron box and ironing board
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 81
- Handkerchief, basins, hot and cold water, soap, salt and pegs
- Socks, warm water, soap, basins, antiseptic and pegs
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 88
- Community environment
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 91
- Agricultural magazines, relevant textbooks and digital devices
- Diagrams showing grafting methods
- Sharp knife, rootstock, scion, grafting wax, grafting tape and protective gloves
- School farm or nursery
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 93
- Photographs showing grafted plants
- Photographs showing ornamental grafted plants
- Sharp knife, suitable rootstock, grafting wax, grafting tape and protective gloves
- Selected scion, grafting tape, grafting wax and labelling materials
- Photographs showing rejuvenated grafted trees
- Sharp knife, old rootstock, vigorous scion, grafting wax, grafting tape and protective gloves

- Oral questions - Observation

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for rejuvenation (Day 2)
Grafting in Plants - Grafting for improvement purposes (theory)
Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for improvement purposes (Day 1)
Grafting in Plants - Practical: grafting for improvement purposes (Day 2)
Grafting in Plants - Caring for grafted plants
Grafting in Plants - Practical: care for grafted plants
Grafting in Plants - Selecting plants for grafting
Grafting in Plants - Record keeping for grafted plants
Homemade Sun Dryer - Concept & importance
Homemade Sun Dryer - Materials for construction
Homemade Sun Dryer - Design & sketching
Homemade Sun Dryer - Measuring & cutting materials
Homemade Sun Dryer - Making the framework (Day 1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify the correct vigorous scion for joining to the rejuvenation rootstock.
- Carry out the second stage of rejuvenation grafting: joining, wrapping, sealing and labelling the grafted plant.
- Show responsibility in recording the date, purpose and observations in the monitoring table.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Prepare the vigorous scion, match it to the rootstock cut and join firmly.
- Wrap the union with grafting tape, seal with grafting wax and apply any additional protection needed.
- Label the grafted plant and record all details in the monitoring table: date, purpose and planned care practices.

How is a scion correctly joined and sealed when grafting for rejuvenation?

- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 91
- Vigorous scion, grafting tape, grafting wax and labelling materials
- School farm or nursery
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 93
- Agricultural magazines, relevant textbooks and digital devices
- Photographs showing improved grafted fruit trees
- Sharp knife, rootstock, improved scion, grafting wax, grafting tape and protective gloves
- Improved scion, grafting tape, grafting wax and labelling materials
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 96
- Grafted plants for observation
- Watering can, grafting wax, pruning knife and protective gloves
- School farm grafted plants
- Locally available rootstock and scion materials
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 98
- Agricultural magazines, relevant textbooks and exercise books
- Grafted plants in the school farm
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 100
- Relevant textbooks and digital devices
- Photographs of homemade sun dryers
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 101
- Sample materials for demonstration
- Manila papers, design photographs, plain paper and pencils
- Digital devices with internet access
- Timber, plywood, tape measure, handsaw, pencil and protective gloves
- Appropriate construction area
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 102
- Cut timber pieces, plywood, hammer, nails, black polythene sheet and thumb pins

- Observation - Graded practical activity

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Making the framework (Day 2)
Homemade Sun Dryer - Covering the structure
Homemade Sun Dryer - Preparing vegetables for drying
Homemade Sun Dryer - Using the sun dryer
Homemade Sun Dryer - Monitoring the drying process
Homemade Sun Dryer - Packaging dried vegetables
Homemade Sun Dryer - Promoting vegetable preservation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify the steps for completing the sun dryer framework: fixing side panels, rails and the drying rack.
- Carry out the second stage of framework construction: covering the sides, nailing the rails and making and inserting the drying rack.
- Show responsibility in ensuring the drying rack slides easily on the rails and the mesh is trimmed neatly.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Fix side panels of plywood on the frame, leaving the front and top open and making a ventilation space at the back.
- Nail two rails on the longer sides at a suitable height to support the drying rack.
- Make the drying rack by nailing wire mesh on a timber frame, trim excess mesh and slide the rack inside the dryer through the open front.

How is the sun dryer framework completed with side panels, rails and a drying rack?

- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 103
- Plywood, wire mesh, timber rails, hammer, nails and tin snip
- Appropriate construction area
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 104
- Door timber, wire mesh, hinges, clear polythene sheet, thumb pins and hammer
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 106
- Locally available vegetables, chopping board, knife, clean water, basin, sufuria and source of heat
- Appropriate kitchen or practical space
- Homemade sun dryer, prepared vegetables and clean drying rack
- School outdoor area with sufficient sunlight
- Homemade sun dryer with drying vegetables and clean hands
- School outdoor area
- Oxford Agriculture Today Grade 9 pg. 107
- Clean airtight containers, plastic bags, labelling materials and dried vegetables
- Appropriate storage area
- Agricultural magazines, relevant textbooks and digital devices
- Constructed homemade sun dryer

- Observation - Graded practical activity