Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Sources of electricity in the environment
Electrical Energy - Sources of electricity: generated and alternative sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify natural sources of electricity in the environment (solar, wind, hydro-electric, geothermal)
- Describe how each natural source generates electricity
- Show appreciation for natural energy sources available in the environment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss sources of electricity used at home, in hospitals, schools, and markets
- Study pictures of sources of electricity (solar panels, windmills, geothermal plant, hydroelectric plant, battery, dry cell, fossil fuel station, nuclear power plant) and identify each
- Use print or digital media to search for more information on sources of electricity

What are the sources of electricity in the environment?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 172
- Pictures of electricity sources (charts)
- Internet access / digital media
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 173
- Diagrams of biomass and nuclear electricity production
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Anecdotal records

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Renewable and non-renewable electricity sources
Electrical Energy - Components of a simple electrical circuit
Electrical Energy - Setting up a series circuit
Electrical Energy - Setting up a parallel circuit
Electrical Energy - Comparing series and parallel circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify electricity sources as renewable or non-renewable
- Explain the importance of using renewable energy sources for environmental sustainability
- Show concern for responsible and sustainable energy use

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Classify electricity sources into renewable (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, tidal-wave, biomass) and non-renewable (fossil fuels, nuclear)
- Discuss advantages and disadvantages of each category
- With parents or guardians, find out sources of electricity available in the local area and share findings

Why is it important to use renewable sources of electricity?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 174
- Classification chart
- Reference books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 175
- Dry cells, connecting wires, bulb and bulb holder, switch
- Circuit diagram charts
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 176
- Two dry cells, two bulbs, two bulb holders, switch, connecting wires
- Safety guidelines
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 177
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 178
- Completed circuit diagrams

- Written assignments - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Identifying common electrical appliances
Electrical Energy - Uses and energy conversion of electrical appliances
Electrical Energy - Safety measures when using electrical appliances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common electrical appliances used at home, in salons, and in schools
- State the function of each identified electrical appliance
- Show interest in how electrical appliances make daily life easier

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures of electrical appliances (refrigerator, washing machine, electric blender, fan, kettle, blow dryer, pressure cooker, iron box, electric lamp, oven, air conditioner, electric guitar) and identify each
- Discuss the electrical appliances used in salons, barber shops, places of worship, markets, and schools
- In groups, compose a song about electrical appliances and sing to classmates

What are the common electrical appliances used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 181
- Pictures of electrical appliances (charts)
- Reference books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 182
- Appliances table
- Internet access
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 184
- Safety posters
- Pictures of safe/unsafe practices

- Oral questions - Observation

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Applying safety measures in practical scenarios
Electrical Energy - Uses of electricity in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Apply electrical safety knowledge to real-life scenarios involving electrical appliances
- Advise peers on safety measures for specific appliances (electric cooker, iron box, heater, blender)
- Show commitment to observing safety rules at all times

- Discuss each safety rule: do not overload sockets, replace damaged cords, unplug unused appliances, use appliances for correct purpose, do not use with wet hands, unplug when cleaning, always monitor appliances in use
- Advise Grade 7 learners using an electric cooker, iron box, heater, and blender during a practical session on safety measures
- Share with parents/guardians what was learnt about electrical safety at home

How can electrical accidents involving appliances be prevented?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 185
- Scenario cards
- Reference books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 187
- Pictures showing uses of electricity

- Written assignments - Observation

Force and Energy

Electrical Energy - Summarising uses of electrical appliances
Electrical Energy - Review and assessment
Magnetism - Introduction to magnets and types
Magnetism - Attractive property of a magnet
Magnetism - Repulsive property of a magnet

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Summarise the uses of specific electrical appliances in a table
- Organise a class debate on the importance of electricity in daily life
- Show confidence in discussing and defending the role of electricity in the community
- Demonstrate the attractive property of a magnet using a practical activity
- Explain what it means for a magnet to attract an object
- Show interest in observing and recording scientific observations accurately

- Remind learners of electrical appliances studied earlier and list them
- Copy and complete a table summarising electrical appliances and their uses
- Organise and participate in a class debate on the motion: 'Electricity plays an important role in our day-to-day life'; take notes on points raised
- Spread paper on a flat surface; place small nails on paper; bring a magnet close to nails and observe
- Record observations (magnet attracts nails) and discuss with classmates
- Explain the meaning of the attractive property based on the practical activity

In what ways does electricity play an important role in our day-to-day life?
What happens when a magnet is brought close to small nails?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 188
- Table of uses
- Reference books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 189
- Assessment papers
- Self-assessment table
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 192
- Bar magnet, horseshoe magnet, ring magnet
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 193
- Magnet (any type), paper, small nails
- Exercise books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 194
- Two bar magnets, string, wooden stand

- Oral questions - Written assignments
- Practical work - Observation - Checklist

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Polarity and magnetic strength
Magnetism - Directional property of a magnet

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate polarity and magnetic strength as properties of a magnet using iron filings
- Explain why iron filings cluster more strongly at the poles
- Show precision when conducting and recording a practical activity

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Place a bar magnet on a working table and cover it with plain paper
- Slowly sprinkle iron filings on the paper and observe that filings cluster at the ends (poles)
- Discuss polarity (the two poles: north and south) and explain why magnetic strength is greatest at the poles

Where is the magnetic strength of a magnet greatest and why?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 195
- Bar magnet, plain paper, iron filings
- Working table
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 196
- Bar magnet, thick string, wooden stand, compass
- Exercise books

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Basic law of magnetism
Magnetism - Classifying materials as magnetic or non-magnetic
Magnetism - Properties and socio-economic value of magnetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the basic law of magnetism (like poles repel; unlike poles attract)
- Demonstrate the law by investigating the force between different poles of two bar magnets
- Show appreciation for the role of laws in organising scientific knowledge

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Suspend one bar magnet on a stand; bring the north pole of a second magnet toward the suspended magnet's north, south, and then the opposite poles
- Record whether attraction or repulsion occurs each time
- State the basic law: like poles repel, unlike poles attract; relate to compass needle behaviour

What is the basic law of magnetism?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 197
- Two bar magnets, thick string, wooden stand
- Exercise books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 198
- Bar magnet, wooden stand, assorted materials (nail, aluminium foil, needle, copper wire, leaf, wooden stick, paper, plastic ruler, staple pin, razor blade, glass rod, fork, rubber)
- Results table
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 199
- Reference books
- Internet access

- Practical work - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Uses of magnets in day-to-day life
Magnetism - Uses of magnets: devices and personal applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify uses of magnets in day-to-day life (door bells, bicycle dynamos, electric motors, separation of mixtures, memory storage, magnetic compass, toys, bag closures)
- Explain how each use relates to the properties of magnets
- Show interest in the widespread use of magnets in everyday objects

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study photographs showing various uses of magnets in daily life and discuss each use
- Read a dialogue discussing uses of magnets in door bells, bicycle dynamos, electric motors, separation of mixtures, and computer memory storage
- Write a composition on uses of magnets in day-to-day life and share with classmates

How are magnets used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 200
- Pictures of magnetic applications
- Reference books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 201
- Flash cards

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Force and Energy

Magnetism - Applications of magnets in industry and technology
Magnetism - Applications of magnets in transport and communication
Magnetism - Review and consolidation of magnetism
Magnetism - Assessment and Strand 4 review

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the applications of magnets in industry, medicine, and technology
- Explain how magnets are used for separation of mixtures, magnetic compass, and computer memory storage
- Show appreciation for the wide impact of magnets in modern industry and technology

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss applications of magnets: separation of mixtures where one component is magnetic; magnetic compass needle aligned to earth's magnetic field; small magnets in computers for memory storage
- Explain how magnets in toys make parts stick together
- Use digital or print media to search for more industrial and technological applications of magnets

How are magnets applied in industry, medicine, and technology?

- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 202
- Reference books
- Internet access
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 203
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 204
- Review question sets
- Exercise books
- Spotlight Integrated Science pg. 205
- Assessment papers
- Self-assessment table

- Oral questions - Written assignments