Food and Nutrition

Methods of Cooking - Reasons for cooking food
Methods of Cooking - Classification of cooking methods
Methods of Cooking - Boiling
Methods of Cooking - Stewing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain reasons for cooking food
- Describe how cooking affects food
- Cook food properly to make it safe, digestible and appetising
- Classify methods of cooking according to the type of heat used
- Differentiate between moist heat, dry heat and combination methods
- Select appropriate cooking methods for different foods based on their characteristics

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss reasons for cooking food (safety, improved appearance, improved flavour, softening, preservation)
- Observe changes in food during cooking
- Present findings in class
- Discuss classification of cooking methods (moist heat, dry heat, combination)
- Classify cooking methods into appropriate categories
- Make class presentations

Why is it important to cook meat thoroughly before eating?
How does the type of heat used affect the texture and nutrients of food?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 61
- Digital resources
- Food samples
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 62
- Digital resources
- Charts
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 63
- Sweet potatoes
- Cooking equipment
- Source of heat
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 66
- Green peas, vegetables

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation
- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Food and Nutrition

Methods of Cooking - Steaming
Methods of Cooking - Shallow fat frying
Methods of Cooking - Deep fat frying
Methods of Cooking - Dry frying

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the process of steaming
- Describe different methods of steaming food
- Steam vegetables to retain maximum nutrients and natural colour

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss steaming methods (colander, steamer, plate, bowl)
- Practise steaming cabbage or other vegetables
- Observe safety precautions when handling steam

Why does steaming retain more nutrients than boiling?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 69
- Cabbage, carrots
- Colander, sufuria
- Source of heat
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 73
- Smokies or eggs
- Frying pan, cooking oil
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 76
- Potatoes
- Deep frying pan, cooking oil
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 79
- Fatty beef
- Frying pan

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food and Nutrition

Methods of Cooking - Poaching
Methods of Cooking - Roasting
Methods of Cooking - Grilling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the process of poaching
- Describe rules to observe when poaching food
- Prepare delicate foods like fish and eggs using gentle poaching method

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss poaching method and suitable foods (eggs, fish)
- Practise poaching fish
- Observe safety precautions when handling hot liquid

Why is poaching ideal for cooking delicate foods like eggs and fish?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 81
- Fish
- Pan, water
- Source of heat
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 84
- Groundnuts
- Frying pan or oven
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 86
- Green maize
- Wire mesh, jiko
- Charcoal

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food and Nutrition
Home Management

Methods of Cooking - Baking (theory)
Methods of Cooking - Baking (practical)
Methods of Cooking - Braising
Hygiene During Puberty - Physical, hormonal and emotional changes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the process of baking
- Describe rules to observe when baking
- Bake cakes and bread for family celebrations and income generation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss baking method and suitable foods
- Discuss the importance of preheating the oven
- Discuss advantages and disadvantages of baking

Why is it important to preheat the oven before baking?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 88
- Digital resources
- Charts
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 89
- Flour, eggs, sugar, margarine
- Baking equipment
- Oven
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 92
- Beef chuck
- Frying pan, cooking oil
- Source of heat
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 94
- Charts showing puberty changes
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Home Management

Hygiene During Puberty - Emotional changes and hygiene needs
Hygiene During Puberty - Personal hygiene practices for boys and girls
Hygiene During Puberty - Menstrual hygiene management
Hygiene During Puberty - Infections associated with poor hygiene
Hygiene During Puberty - Maintaining hygiene routines
Safety in the Home - Contents of a First Aid kit
Safety in the Home - Burns and scalds
Safety in the Home - First Aid for burns and scalds
Safety in the Home - Cuts and bruises
Safety in the Home - Fractures and sprains
Safety in the Home - Fainting and drowning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe emotional changes that occur during puberty
- Relate emotional changes to hygiene requirements
- Identify how puberty changes affect daily hygiene routines
- Describe the steps for administering First Aid for burns and scalds
- Simulate First Aid procedures for burns and scalds
- Apply First Aid knowledge to respond appropriately to burn emergencies at home

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss emotional changes during puberty
- Brainstorm on how puberty changes affect personal hygiene
- Share experiences on hygiene challenges during puberty
- Simulate First Aid for burns and scalds using improvised materials
- Practise cooling burnt areas and covering with sterile gauze
- Discuss when to seek medical attention

How do emotional changes during puberty affect personal hygiene?
How do we administer First Aid for burns and scalds?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 94
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 97
- Shampoo, basin, towels
- Combs and brushes
- Foot care materials
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 100
- Dignity kit samples
- Sanitary products for demonstration
- Charts
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 98
- Pictures of skin infections
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 102
- Sample hygiene logs
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 105
- First Aid kit
- Pictures of First Aid items
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 107
- Pictures showing burn hazards
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 108
- First Aid kit
- Basin with cool water
- Sterile gauze
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 109
- Cotton wool, gauze
- Ice packs
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 111
- Bandages, splint materials
- Triangular bandages
- First Aid kit
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 114
- Blankets
- Digital resources showing procedures

- Oral questions - Class discussions - Written assignments
- Observation of simulation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Home Management

Safety in the Home - Choking and suffocation
Safety in the Home - Shock and nose bleeding
Safety in the Home - Safe disposal of First Aid materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain causes and preventive measures for choking and suffocation
- Simulate First Aid procedures for choking in adults and infants
- Apply choking prevention knowledge to safe eating habits and baby care

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss causes of choking and suffocation
- Simulate abdominal thrusts for adults
- Simulate back pats and chest thrusts for infants
- Discuss ventilation to prevent suffocation

How do we administer First Aid for choking and suffocation?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 117
- First Aid kit
- Baby dolls for demonstration
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 120
- Blankets
- Cotton wool, tissues
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 123
- Used First Aid materials
- Disposal containers
- Gloves

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Home Management

Safety in the Home - Importance of observing safety at home
Housing the Family - Reasons for housing the family
Housing the Family - Traditional houses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of observing safety measures at home
- Create posters on safety awareness
- Relate home safety measures to creating a secure environment for family members

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss reasons for observing safety at home
- Make posters on importance of safety at home and school
- Display posters to sensitise others on safety

Why is it important to observe safety measures at home?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 124
- Manila papers
- Markers, crayons
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 129
- Pictures of different houses
- Digital resources
- Charts
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 130
- Locally available materials for modelling
- Pictures of traditional houses

- Poster assessment - Oral presentations - Peer assessment

Home Management

Housing the Family - Modern houses
Housing the Family - Renting and inheritance
Housing the Family - Mortgage and building
Housing the Family - Factors to consider when choosing housing methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify modern houses including bungalows, maisonettes and apartments
- Differentiate between traditional and modern houses
- Relate modern house features to contemporary lifestyle needs and urban living

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss characteristics of bungalows, maisonettes and apartments
- Compare traditional and modern houses
- Model or draw different types of modern houses

What are the different types of modern houses?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 131
- Pictures of modern houses
- Modelling materials
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 132
- Digital resources
- Case study scenarios
- Reference books
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 134
- Reference books
- Case scenarios
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 135

- Model assessment - Written assignments - Oral questions

Home Management

Housing the Family - Functions of different rooms
Housing the Family - Functions of utility rooms
Housing the Family - Room interrelationship in the house
Housing the Family - Importance of room interrelationship
Cleaning the House - Loose and fixed dirt
Cleaning the House - Brooms and brushes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify different rooms in a house
- Describe the functions of living room, dining room, bedroom and kitchen
- Connect room functions to daily family activities and lifestyle needs
- Explain the importance of good room interrelationship
- Evaluate house plans for proper room arrangement
- Connect proper room arrangement to energy efficiency, privacy and convenience in daily living

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Watch video clips on functions of different rooms
- Discuss functions of living room, dining room, bedroom and kitchen
- Illustrate rooms and their functions
- Evaluate sample house plans for room interrelationship
- Discuss importance of proper room placement
- Design ideal house layouts considering room interrelationship

What are the functions of different rooms in a house?
How does good room interrelationship enhance living comfort?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 137
- Video clips
- Pictures of different rooms
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 138
- Pictures of utility rooms
- Digital resources
- Charts
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 139
- House floor plans
- Drawing materials
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 140
- Sample house plans
- Drawing materials
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 142
- Pictures showing different types of dirt
- Cleaning materials
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 144
- Different types of brooms and brushes
- Warm soapy water
- Storage area

- Oral questions - Illustrations assessment - Written assignments
- Design assessment - Peer assessment - Oral presentations

Home Management

Cleaning the House - Mops and dusters
Cleaning the House - Dustpans, basins and buckets
Cleaning the House - Vacuum cleaners and squeegees
Cleaning the House - Sweeping, dusting and vacuum cleaning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify different types of mops and dusters
- Describe choice, use and care of mops and dusters
- Demonstrate proper mopping techniques for streak-free floor cleaning

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify different types of mops and dusters
- Discuss factors to consider when choosing mops and dusters
- Practise use and care of mops and dusters

How do we choose and care for mops and dusters?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 147
- Different types of mops and dusters
- Mop buckets
- Warm soapy water
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 150
- Dustpans, basins and buckets
- Materials for improvisation
- Cleaning supplies
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 152
- Vacuum cleaner
- Squeegees
- Video clips
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 155
- Brooms, dusters
- Dustpans

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Home Management

Cleaning the House - Wiping, scrubbing and mopping
Cleaning the House - Cleaning the living room and dining room
Cleaning the House - Cleaning the bedroom

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe procedures for wiping, scrubbing and mopping
- Demonstrate correct wiping, scrubbing and mopping techniques
- Apply appropriate cleaning methods based on surface type and degree of soiling

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Practise wiping surfaces using cloth wrung in warm soapy water
- Practise scrubbing floors using circular motions
- Practise mopping from farthest end towards the door

How do we properly wipe, scrub and mop different surfaces?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 156
- Cleaning cloths, mops
- Scrubbing brushes
- Buckets, detergent
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 157
- Cleaning materials and equipment
- Furniture polish
- Vacuum cleaner
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 159
- Beddings, pillows
- Cleaning materials
- Brooms, dusters

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Home Management

Cleaning the House - Cleaning the bathroom and bath shelter
Cleaning the House - Cleaning the toilet and pit latrine
Cleaning the House - Cleaning the kitchen and store

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe daily, weekly and special cleaning procedures for bathroom and bath shelter
- Demonstrate cleaning procedures for bathroom fixtures
- Apply mould prevention techniques for healthy bathroom environments

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss cleaning procedures for bathroom and bath shelter
- Practise cleaning bathtub, shower, hand basin and mirror
- Discuss removal of mould and mineral build-up

How do we maintain cleanliness in the bathroom?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 161
- Scrubbing brush, detergent
- Disinfectant, vinegar
- Cleaning cloths
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 164
- Toilet cleaner, brush
- Gloves, disinfectant
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 166
- Kitchen cleaning materials
- Baking soda, vinegar
- Scouring pads

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Home Management

Cleaning the House - Managing organic and inorganic waste
Cleaning the House - Importance of living in a clean house
Laundry Work - Soaps and soapless detergents
Laundry Work - Water and fabric conditioners
Laundry Work - Bleaches, stain removers and stiffeners
Laundry Work - Laundry blue and organic solvents
Laundry Work - Washing equipment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Differentiate between organic and inorganic waste
- Describe methods of managing waste at home including composting, reusing and recycling
- Apply waste segregation practices to reduce environmental pollution in homes and communities
- Explain the uses of bleaches, stain removers and stiffeners in laundry work
- Identify different types of laundry agents
- Apply appropriate laundry agents to achieve desired fabric appearance and cleanliness

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss classification of waste as organic and inorganic
- Discuss composting, reusing and recycling methods
- Practise sorting waste into appropriate categories
- Search for information on uses of laundry agents
- Identify different types of bleaches, stain removers and stiffeners
- Discuss proper use of each laundry agent

How can we effectively manage waste at home?
How do different laundry agents improve fabric care?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 169
- Waste samples
- Compost pit pictures
- Recycling bins
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 170
- Manila papers
- Markers, crayons
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 172
- Samples of soaps and soapless detergents
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 174
- Water samples
- Fabric conditioner samples
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 176
- Samples of laundry agents
- Pictures of laundry agents
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 177
- Laundry blue samples
- Pictures of organic solvents
- Safety guidelines
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 178
- Basins, buckets
- Pictures of washing machines
- Video clips

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Practical assessment
- Oral questions - Written assignments - Identification test

Home Management

Laundry Work - Drying and finishing equipment
Laundry Work - Storage equipment
Laundry Work - Laundry processes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify drying equipment including clotheslines, pegs and drying racks
- Describe choice, use and care of finishing equipment including iron boxes and ironing boards
- Apply proper ironing techniques for professional-looking garment finishing

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss choice, use and care of clotheslines and pegs
- Discuss choice of iron boxes and ironing boards
- Practise care of finishing equipment

How do we select and care for drying and finishing equipment?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 181
- Clotheslines, pegs
- Iron boxes, ironing boards
- Drying racks
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 186
- Pictures of storage equipment
- Hangers
- Storage materials
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 187
- Clothes for sorting
- Basins, water
- Flow chart materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Home Management

Laundry Work - Rinsing, drying and finishing
Laundry Work - Laundering white cotton shirts
Consumer Education - Importance of consumer education
Consumer Education - Consumer rights and responsibilities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain processes of rinsing, drying and finishing
- Differentiate between ironing and pressing
- Apply correct finishing techniques based on fabric type for wrinkle-free garments

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss importance of proper rinsing
- Practise drying clothes using clotheslines
- Discuss difference between ironing and pressing

How are rinsing, drying and finishing done correctly?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 188
- Clotheslines, pegs
- Iron boxes
- Ironing boards
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 189
- White cotton shirts
- Basins, soap, water
- Iron box, ironing board
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 194
- Digital resources
- Pictures on consumer education
- Reference books
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 196
- Case study scenarios

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Home Management
Clothing and Textiles
Clothing and Textiles

Consumer Education - Sources of consumer information
Consumer Education - Wise buying of goods and services
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Classification of sewing tools
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Cutting and marking tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify sources of consumer information including labels, advertisements and reviews
- Analyse information from different consumer sources
- Apply critical evaluation of advertisements and product labels before making purchases

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss sources of consumer information
- Analyse product labels and advertisements
- Complete crossword puzzle on sources of consumer information

Where can consumers obtain reliable information about products?

- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 199
- Product samples with labels
- Advertisement samples
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Learner's Book pg. 200
- Case study scenarios
- Product samples
- Market visit
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 203
- Digital resources
- Charts showing sewing tools
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 204
- Realia: cutting and marking tools
- Charts and pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Crossword assessment

Clothing and Textiles

Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Measuring and sewing tools
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Finishing and storage tools
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Types of sewing machines
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Parts and functions of the sewing machine
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Threading and operating the sewing machine
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Care of the sewing machine
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Machine faults and remedies
Sewing Tools, Equipment and Materials - Choice, use and care of sewing tools
Textile Fibres - Meaning of textile terms
Textile Fibres - Classification of textile fibres
Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of cotton
Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of silk
Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of wool

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify measuring and sewing tools used in clothing construction
- Explain the use of each measuring and sewing tool
- Link accurate measurements to well-fitting garments in daily wear
- Explain factors to consider when choosing sewing tools and equipment
- Describe how to use and care for different sewing tools
- Connect wise selection of tools to saving money and achieving quality work

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures of measuring tools (tape measure, metre rule, tailor's L-square, French curve)
- Identify sewing tools (hand sewing needles, machine needles, pins, thimble, thread, bodkin)
- Describe how each tool is used
- Identify different types of needles and their tasks
- Discuss factors to consider when choosing sewing tools (dressmaker's shears, thimble, tape measure, bodkin, pins, tracing wheel)
- Describe how to use and care for each tool
- Share experiences on caring for sewing tools
- Visit shops that sell sewing tools and identify basic needlework items

Why is accuracy important when measuring fabric for garment construction?
What factors should be considered when selecting sewing tools?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 205
- Realia: measuring and sewing tools
- Charts showing types of needles
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 207
- Realia: finishing and storage tools
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 208
- Charts showing types of sewing machines
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 209
- Sewing machine
- Charts showing machine parts
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 211
- Thread, bobbin, scissors, scrap fabric
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 213
- Machine oil, cleaning brush
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 214
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 216
- Realia: various sewing tools
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 220
- Digital resources
- Samples of fibres, yarn and fabric
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 221
- Charts showing classification of fibres
- Samples of fabrics
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 222
- Samples of cotton fabric
- Pictures of cotton items
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 224
- Samples of silk fabric
- Pictures of silk items
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 226
- Samples of wool fabric
- Pictures of woollen items

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Clothing and Textiles

Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of linen
Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of nylon, polyester and acrylic
Textile Fibres - Properties and uses of viscose rayon and acetate rayon
Textile Fibres - Physical and burning tests for identification
Textile Fibres - Characteristics for household articles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe desirable and undesirable properties of linen
- Identify uses of linen
- Relate linen's absorbency and durability to its use in tablecloths, napkins and dishcloths

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital or print resources to find properties of linen (strong, lustrous, withstands high temperatures, absorbs moisture quickly, does not produce fluff, not damaged by alkalis, creases easily, frays readily, burns easily, attacked by mildew)
- Discuss uses of linen (shirts, dresses, tablecloths, napkins, dishcloths, bedsheets)
- Present findings in class

Why is linen suitable for kitchen and table items?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 227
- Samples of linen fabric
- Digital resources
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 228
- Samples of synthetic fabrics
- Pictures of items
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 231
- Samples of regenerated fabrics
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 234
- Fabric samples, candle, tongs
- Worksheet for recording
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 238
- Household articles from various fibres
- Folder for mounting

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Clothing and Textiles

Stitches - Classification of stitches
Stitches - Even tacking, long and short tacking
Stitches - Thread marking and diagonal tacking
Stitches - Running stitches and backstitches
Stitches - Machine stitches and oversewing
Stitches - Hemming, slip hemming and overcasting
Stitches - Loop stitches

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify stitches into temporary and permanent
- Explain the general rules for working stitches
- Relate different stitches to mending clothes and hemming garments at home

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital or print resources to find information about temporary stitches (tacking, thread marking) and permanent stitches (joining, neatening, decorative)
- Brainstorm on general rules for working stitches
- Share findings in class

How do different stitches serve various purposes in clothing construction?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 240
- Digital resources
- Charts showing types of stitches
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 241
- Fabric pieces, thread, needle
- Dressmaker's pins, thimble, scissors
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 242
- Paper patterns, dressmaker's pins
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 244
- Dressmaker's pins, scissors
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 246
- Fabric pieces, sewing machine
- Thread, needle, pins
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 247
- Fabric pieces, matching thread
- Needle, pressing iron, pins
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 250

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Clothing and Textiles

Stitches - Chain stitch, stem stitch and satin stitch
Seams - Meaning and classification of seams
Seams - Factors to consider when choosing a seam
Seams - Open seam
Seams - French seam
Seams - Overlaid seam
Seams - Double-stitched seam

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the use of decorative stitches in embroidery
- Make chain stitch, stem stitch and satin stitch
- Use decorative stitches to embellish cushion covers, table linens and clothing

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Thread needle with embroidery thread
- Draw pattern on fabric
- Make chain stitch (loop thread under needle tip to form chain links)
- Make stem stitch (small diagonal stitches overlapping for curved lines)
- Make satin stitch (straight stitches close together to fill shapes)
- Mount samples in folder

Where can decorative stitches be used to enhance clothing and household articles?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 251
- Fabric, embroidery thread
- Embroidery needle, scissors
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 256
- Digital resources
- Samples of garments with different seams
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 257
- Video clips
- Samples of different fabrics
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 258
- Fabric pieces, thread, needle
- Sewing machine, pressing iron
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 259
- Fabric pieces, thread
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 260
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 261

- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio

Clothing and Textiles

Seams - Evaluating qualities of a good seam
Seams - Safety practices and disposal of waste
Management of Fullness - Meaning and types
Management of Fullness - Factors to consider
Management of Fullness - Knife pleats
Management of Fullness - Box and inverted pleats
Management of Fullness - Gathers
Management of Fullness - Single pointed darts
Management of Fullness - Double pointed darts
Management of Fullness - Tucks
Management of Fullness - Elastic
Management of Fullness - Easing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe qualities of a well-made seam
- Evaluate seams against quality standards
- Apply quality standards when sewing and purchasing ready-made clothes
- Explain the purpose of gathers
- Make gathers following correct procedure
- Use gathers to add fullness to skirt waistlines, sleeve heads and children's dresses

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Peer-assess samples of seams made
- Critique seams based on qualities (flat and smooth, even width, neat finish, strong and durable, appropriate for fabric type)
- Present critiques in class
- Discuss how to improve seam quality
- Watch video clips or demonstrations on working gathers
- Work two rows of gathering stitches (long running stitches or machine stitches) along fabric edge
- Pull threads to create gathers
- Distribute fullness evenly
- Secure gathering threads
- Mount sample in folder

What qualities make a seam well-constructed?
Why are gathers commonly used on children's clothing?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 262
- Seam samples from previous lessons
- Quality checklist
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 263
- Waste disposal containers
- Cleaning materials
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 266
- Digital resources
- Samples of garments with fullness
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 267
- Video clips
- Samples of different fabrics
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 268
- Fabric pieces, thread
- Pressing iron, ruler, tailor's chalk
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 269
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 270
- Fabric pieces, thread
- Needle, sewing machine
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 271
- Sewing machine, pressing iron
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 272
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 273
- Sewing machine, pressing iron, ruler
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 274
- Fabric pieces, elastic
- Thread, bodkin, sewing machine
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 275
- Needle, sewing machine, pressing iron

- Observation - Peer assessment - Written report
- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio

Clothing and Textiles

Management of Fullness - Evaluating qualities
Management of Fullness - Simple garment or household article

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe qualities of well-made management of fullness
- Evaluate samples against quality standards
- Apply quality checks when making and buying garments with fullness features

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Peer-assess samples of management of fullness made
- Critique based on qualities (even distribution of fullness, secure stitching, appropriate method for fabric, neat appearance, correct positioning)
- Present critiques in class
- Discuss how to improve quality of work
- Practise safe disposal of fabric scraps

What qualities indicate well-executed management of fullness?

- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 276
- Samples from previous lessons
- Quality checklist
- MTP Home Science Grade 10 Learner's Book pg. 277
- Fabric, thread, sewing tools
- Sewing machine, pressing iron

- Observation - Peer assessment - Written report