Volumetric Analysis.

Apparatus used in titration experiments.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To use and read a pipette and a burette.

Discussion and practical use of the apparatus.
Emphasis is laid on need to sterilize the apparatus after use.

Pipettes
Burettes.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 63-64
Longhorn
Book III
PP 104-8

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration process.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define titration as a process.
Define a titration end-point.

Review by Q/A: -
-Indicators and colour changes.
-Choice of indicators.
-Balanced chemical equations.
Discuss characteristics of a good titre, when an an-end point is attained.

Indicators
Suitable acid and base.

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 64-67

Longhorn
Book III
PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)
Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out a titration experiment and obtain accurate results.
To carry out calculations from experimental results.

Class experiments: - To neutralize HCl with NaOH solution.
Fill in a table of results.
Find the average base used.

Step-by-step calculations.

student book
Calculators.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 66

Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

K.L.B. BK III
P 66
Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Basicity of an acid.
Standardization of HCl.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define basicity of an acid.

Complete a table of number of replaceable hydrogen ions of an acid; hence define basicity of an acid.
Write corresponding ionic equations.

student book
Dilute HCl, Na2CO3 solutions.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 73

Volumetric Analysis.

Concentration of HCl.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To calculate concentration of HCl from experimental results.

Calculations & supervised practice.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Volumetric Analysis.

Redox Titration Reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To standardize a solution with an iron (II) salt.

Experiment and calculations.

Potassium Magnate
(VII)

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Longhorn
Book III
PP 114-115

Volumetric Analysis.

Water of crystallization.
Formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine amount of water of crystallization in ammonium iron sulphate crystals.
To find formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.

Teacher exposes the formula of water of crystallization.
Class experiment.
Filling in a table of results.
Calculations from experimental results.

Ammonium
Iron (II)
Sulphate crystals.
Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 76
K.L.B. BK III
PP. 76 -77

Volumetric Analysis.

Formula mass of a given salt.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To solve numerical problems involving water of crystallization.

Problem solving from sample results.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P.77

Volumetric Analysis.

Atomicity of gases.
Mass and volume of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define atomicity of gases.

Review by Q/A atoms and molecules; hence the definition.
Discuss a table of gases and their atomicity.

student book
Lubricated syringes
Oxygen/
CO2.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 78 -80
Longhorn BK III PP 126-128

Volumetric Analysis.

Molar gas volume.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define molar gas volume.

Use the above results to describe volume of one mole of a gas.
Discuss molar gas volume at R.T.P and S.T.P conditions.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
79 ? 80
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-127

Volumetric Analysis.

Combining volumes of gases.
Gay Lussac?s Law.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare combining volumes of two reacting gases.
To state Gay Lussac?s Law.
To compare Gay Lussac?s Law with Avogadro?s Law.
To solve numericals using Gay Lussac?s Law.

Teacher demonstration: - Determining volumes of reacting gases; hence deduce volume rations.
Teacher exposes the law; and compares it with Gay Lussac?s Law.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

student book

K.L.B BK III
P. 82
K.L.B. BK III
P. 85

Longhorn
Book III
PP 129-131

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Isolation of nitrogen from air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Describe isolation of nitrogen from air.

Teacher demonstration, explanations and equations.

Aspirator, copper turnings, gas jar, combustion tube, trogh.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 134-135

Longhorn Book
P 186

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Industrial production of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe industrial production of nitrogen.

Discussion and description.
Drawing schematic diagram for the process.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP.135-136

Longhorn Book
PP 188-9

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Lab. preparation of nitrogen.
Physical and chemical properties of nitrogen. Uses of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe lab preparation of nitrogen.

Teacher demonstration:
Students? record observations made from tests on the gas.
Writing equations of reactions.

Ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate
charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 137

Longhorn
Book III
P 190-1

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (I) oxide. Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe Nitrogen (I) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: -
Carry out tests on the gas.
Students record observations in a table.
Guided discussion.

Ammonium nitrate.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 139-141

Longhorn
Book III
PP 195-6

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties and uses of Nitrogen (I) oxide.
Nitrogen (II) oxide. Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To list down uses of nitrogen (I) oxide.

Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.

Teacher elucidates uses of nitrogen (1) oxide.

charts
Dil nitric acid, copper turnings.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 141
Longhorn
Book III
PP 191-2

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties of the gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (II) oxide
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (11) oxide

Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.
Carry out a confirmatory test for the presence of the gas.

charts

K.L.B.
BK III
P. 143

Longhorn
Book III
PP 192-200

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (1V) oxide Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe nitrogen (IV) oxide lab preparation.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of the gas and corresponding equation.
Tests on the gas and make observations.

Conc. nitric acid, copper turnings.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 144-145

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Properties of Nitrogen (IV) oxide.
Ammonia. Lab preparation of ammonia.
Properties of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (IV) oxide
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (IV) oxide
To state uses of nitrogen (1V) oxide.
To list down physical properties of ammonia.

Deduce physical properties from the table of observations.
To describe chemical properties from the table of observations.
Discuss uses of nitrogen (1V) oxide.





Deduce physical properties from the observations above.
Discuss chemical properties from the observations above.
Write down chemical equations.

charts
Ca(OH)2, NH4Cl Solutions, CaO, litmus papers..M THREE CHEMISTRY TERM TWO 20....

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 144-147

Longhorn
Book III
P 204










K.L.B. BK III
P. 150

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Solubility of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to determine solubility of ammonia.

Teacher demonstration.

Discussion.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 150

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of ammonia with metal ions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To prepare aqueous solution of ammonia.


To carry out tests of aqueous ammonia on metal ions.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of aqueous solution of ammonia.

Class experiments: -
Students record observations when drops of aqueous ammonia are added, then in excess.

2 cm Solutions containing various metal ions.

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 152-153

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Ionic equations of above reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write iIonic equations of above reactions.

Discuss precipitation of metal hydroxides by aqueous ammonia.
Confirmatory tests for various concentrations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P.154

Longhorn BK III
P 223

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Burning ammonia in the air.
Reaction of ammonia with copper (II) Oxide.
Haber process.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe burning ammonia in the air.
To name products formed when ammonia reacts with hot CuCl2 solid.
To explain reducing properties of ammonia.

Teacher demonstration
Discussion
Chemical equations of reactions.
Teacher demonstration and discussion.
Write down equations for the reactions.

Conc. Ammonium solution
Hot platinum rod
Oxygen.
Granular CuCl2
Combustion tube,
Dry ammonia
U-tube
Gas jar.
Chart- schematic diagram.

K.L.B.
BK III
P. 158
Longhorn
Book III
PP 219


K.L.B.
BK III
P. 158

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Uses of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down uses of ammonia.
To list down nitrogenous fertilizers.

Teacher elucidates uses of ammonia and nitrogenous fertilizers.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 161

Longhorn
Book III
PP 126 -226

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid. Lab preparation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of nitric acid.

Teacher demonstration.
Write equations of reaction.
Discussion.

Retort stand
Conc. H2SO4
KNO3

K.L.B. BK III
P. 163

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid Industrial manufacture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe industrial manufacture of nitric acid.

Discussion and writing equations.

Chart
Schematic diagram.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 164

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of dilute Nitric acid with metals.
Nitric acid and carbonates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute nitric acid with metals.
To write equations of reactions of dilute nitric acid with metals.
To describe action of nitric acid on carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.

Class experiment:- making observations and recording them in a table.
Discuss the observations.
Write down equations for the reactions.
Group experiments: - Action of Nitric acid on hydrogen carbonates.

Magnesium
Zinc
Copper
Solutions of
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
ZnCO3
CuCO3

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 165-166

Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8

K.L.B. BK III
P. 167

Longhorn
Book III
229-30

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute nitric acid and metal hydroxides and oxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write equations for reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.

Discussion and corresponding equations.

Metal hydroxides.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 167

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reactions of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

Class experiments: -
Explain observations made.

Nitric acid acidified iron sulphate, sulphur, and copper metal.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 169-170

Longhorn Book III
PP 239 -240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reactions of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.

Class experiments: -
Explain observations made.

Nitric acid acidified iron sulphate, sulphur, and copper metal.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 169-170

Longhorn Book III
PP 239 -240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Uses of nitric acid & nitrates.
Action of heat on nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of nitrates.
To describe preparation of nitrates.

Discussion
Equations for the reactions for preparation of nitrates.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 171

Longhorn Book III
PP 240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Test for nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests on nitrates.

Class experiments.
Make observations and deductions.
Discuss the brown ring test for nitrates.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 243

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Test for nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests on nitrates.

Class experiments.
Make observations and deductions.
Discuss the brown ring test for nitrates.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 243

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.
SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Nitrogen compounds and the environment.
Extraction of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the pollution of nitrogen compounds in the environment.
To state ways of reducing environmental pollution by nitrogen compounds.

Brief guided discussion.

charts
Chart-the Frasch process.

K.L.B.BK III
PP. 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 244-6

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Allotropes of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify allotropes of sulphur.
To describe preparation of allotropes of sulphur.

Discussion and exposition of new concepts.

video

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 182-183
Longhorn Book
PP 126-129

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphur. Heating of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list physical properties of sulphur.

To describe effects of heat on sulphur.

Class experiment:
Solubility of sulphur in water, benzene, e.t.c,.
Class experiments:
Heating sulphur gently then strongly.
Discuss the observations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P.184
Longhorn I
Book III
PP 253-255

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of sulphur.
Uses of sulphur. Sulphur dioxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and describe chemical properties of sulphur.
State uses of sulphur.
Describe lab. preparation of sulphur dioxide.

Group experiments.
Discuss observations.
Write corresponding equations.
Teacher elucidates uses of sulphur.
Teacher demonstration:-
Preparation of sulphur dioxide in a fume chamber/in the open.
Carrying out tests on the gas.

charts

K.L.B.BK III
PP.188-190
Longhorn
Book III
PP 256-8

K.L.B.BK III
PP 191- 192
Longhorn Book
P 258

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphur dioxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of sulphur dioxide.

Discuss the above tests.

text book

K.L.B.BK III
PP 193
Longhorn
Book III
PP 262-3