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Biology
Form 4 2025
TERM II
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Opening school and reporting

1 4
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Meaning of stimulus, response and irritability. Tactic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define of stimulus, response and irritability.
Explain the need for sensitivity and response.
Identify types of tactics responses.




Brain storming;
Exposition;
Group experiments-chemotaxis in termites;
Discussion.




Brad crumbs, termites, dry sand, moth balls.




KLB BK IV. PP 73-74
1 5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Meaning of stimulus, response and irritability. Tactic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define of stimulus, response and irritability.
Explain the need for sensitivity and response.
Identify types of tactics responses.




Brain storming;
Exposition;
Group experiments-chemotaxis in termites;
Discussion.




Brad crumbs, termites, dry sand, moth balls.




KLB BK IV. PP 73-74
2 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Tropism and types of tropism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of tropism.
State differences between tropisms and taxes.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity;
Probing questions and discussion.
Seedlings, klinostat, corked beaker.
KLB BK IV. PP 74-78
2 2-3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Nastic responses.
Role of auxins in tropisms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of nastic responses
Explain the role of auxins in tropisms.
Q/A and discussion.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity; contact;
Probing questions and discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 78-80
KLB BK IV. PP 80-83
2 4
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Role of auxins in tropisms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of auxins in tropisms.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity; contact;
Probing questions and discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 80-83
2 5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Response and Co-ordination in animals. The nervous system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




State components of the nervous system.
Describe the structure of nerve cells.




Descriptive and expository approaches.




Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 84-85
3 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Types of neurons. The brain.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of neurons.

Describe structure of the human brain.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 85-88
3 2-3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Reflex actions.
Transmission of a nerve impulse.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between simple and conditioned reflex actions.
Describe the transmission of a nerve impulse.
Illustrate a simple reflex arc.
Probing questions on differences between simple and conditioned reflex actions.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 88-90
KLB BK IV. PP 90-93
3 4
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Transmission of a nerve impulse.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the transmission of a nerve impulse.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 90-93
3 5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The endocrine system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify components of endocrine system.
Compare endocrine system. With nervous system.
Discussion; tabulate the differences.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-6
4 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The mammalian eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the human eye.
Explain image formation and interpretation in the eye.
Brain storming;
Discussion with probing questions.
Chart- the human eye.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-100
4 2-3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The mammalian eye.
Accommodation of the eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the human eye.
Explain image formation and interpretation in the eye.
Explain the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of the eye.
Brain storming;
Discussion with probing questions.
Discussion with probing questions,
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Chart- the human eye.
Chart- focusing far and near points.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-100
KLB BK IV. PP 100-1
4 4
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Defects of vision and their correction.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify defects of vision.
Explain correction of vision defects.
Detailed discussion with probing questions;
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 101-4
4 5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The human ear.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the human ear.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Drawn diagrams.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 104-5
5 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Hearing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how the ear perceives sound.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. P 106
5 2-3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Body balance and posture.
Defects of the ear.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how the ear maintains body balance and posture.
Identify some defects of the ear.
Descriptive and expository approaches.

text book
KLB BK IV. PP 107-8
KLB BK IV.
P 108
5 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Importance of support and movement in plants.
Arrangement of tissues in a monocotyledonous stem.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:





Explain the importance of support and movement in plants.





Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.
text book
Monocotyledo-nous stem, eg. tradescantia, microscope,
Razors.
KLB BK IV. PP 111-2
5 5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Arrangement of tissues in a dicotyledonous stem.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw and label a transverse section of a dicotyledonous stem.
Draw and label a transverse section of herbaceous and woody stems.
Examine transverse section of a dicotyledonous stem, herbaceous and woody stems.
Herbaceous stem, microscope, slides,
Razors.
KLB BK IV. PP 111-5
6 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Stem tissues.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify some stem tissues.
Explain the role of stem tissues.
Drawing and labeling diagrams;
Discussion.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 113-5
6 2-3
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Stem tissues.
Wilting in plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify some stem tissues.
Explain the role of stem tissues.
Compare the rate of wilting of herbaceous and woody stems.
Account for difference in rate of water loss.
Drawing and labeling diagrams;
Discussion.
Uproot herbaceous and woody plants;
Observe tem for about 30 min;
Brief discussion.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 113-5
KLB BK IV. P 116
6 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The exoskeleton.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the exoskeleton.
Examine movement of a live arthropod;
Observe muscles of the hind limb of a grasshopper;
Relate the observations to the function of the exoskeleton.
A live arthropod,
E.g. grasshopper, millipede.
KLB BK IV. PP 116-7
6 5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The exoskeleton.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the exoskeleton.
Examine movement of a live arthropod;
Observe muscles of the hind limb of a grasshopper;
Relate the observations to the function of the exoskeleton.
A live arthropod,
E.g. grasshopper, millipede.
KLB BK IV. PP 116-7
7 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The endoskeleton.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the endoskeleton.
Observe skeleton of a vertebrate;
Compare it with an exoskeleton.
Discuss the contrasting features.
The human skeleton.
KLB BK IV. PP 117-8
7 2-3
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Locomotory features of a finned fish.
Locomotion in a finned fish.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the locomotory features of a finned fish.
Explain how locomotion occurs in a finned fish.
Explain how a fish is adapted to locomotion in its habitat.
Observe external features of a tilapia.
Drawing and labeling;
Discussion.
Review external features of a tilapia.
Detailed discussion.
A freshly killed tilapi
A freshly killed tilapia.

KLB BK IV. PP 117-8
7 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Locomotion in a finned fish.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how locomotion occurs in a finned fish.
Explain how a fish is adapted to locomotion in its habitat.
Review external features of a tilapia.
Detailed discussion.
A freshly killed tilapia.
KLB BK IV. PP 117-8
7 5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Tail power of a fish.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the tail power of a fish.
Measure length of tail, length of a tilapia fish.
Calculations.
Discussion on significance of tail power in locomotion.
A freshly killed tilapia.
KLB BK IV. PP 118-9
8 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Support and movement in mammals. The skull and rib cage.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Describe the structure of the skull and rib cage.




Observe the human skull and rib cage of a rat / rabbit.
Detailed discussion.




Human skull, rib cage of rat / rabbit.




KLB BK IV. PP 119-120
8 2-3
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The vertebral column. Cervical and thoracic vertebrae.
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the features of the vertebral column.
Identify types of vertebrae.
Explain adaptations of cervical and thoracic vertebrae to their functions.
Explain adaptations of Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to their functions.
Examine cervical and thoracic vertebrae.
Examine thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
Draw labeled diagrams;
Brief discussion.
Cervical and thoracic vertebrae.
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
KLB BK IV. PP 121-2
KLB BK IV. PP 122-3
8 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain adaptations of Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to their functions.
Examine thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
Draw labeled diagrams;
Brief discussion.
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
KLB BK IV. PP 122-3
8 5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The sacral and caudal vertebrae.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the features of the sacral and caudal vertebrae.
Explain adaptations of sacral and caudal vertebrae to their functions.
Examine sacral and caudal vertebrae.
Draw labeled diagrams;
Brief discussion.
Sacral and caudal vertebrae.
KLB BK IV. P 124
9 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The appendicular skeleton.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the features of the appendicular skeleton.
Examine the appendicular skeleton of a rabbit /sheep.
Brief discussion..
Appendicular skeleton of a rabbit /sheep.
KLB BK IV. PP 124-5
9 1-2
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The appendicular skeleton.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the features of the appendicular skeleton.
Examine the appendicular skeleton of a rabbit /sheep.
Brief discussion..
Appendicular skeleton of a rabbit /sheep.
KLB BK IV. PP 124-5
9

Midterm break

10 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Fore limb.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify bones of the fore limb.
Examine bones if the fore limb;
Drawing labeled diagrams;
Discussion.
Bones of the fore limb.
KLB BK IV. PP 126-7
10 2-3
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Hind limb.
Movable joints.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify bones of the hind limb.
Identify features of movable joints.
Examine bones if the hind limb;
Drawing labeled diagrams;
Discussion.
Examine the synovial joint.
Brief discussion.
Bones of the hind limb.
Synovial joint model.
KLB BK IV. P 127
10 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Ball and socket joint.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features of ball and socket joint.
Examine the synovial joint.
Discuss observations.
Synovial joint model.
KLB BK IV. P 128
10 5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The hinge joint. Movement of a joint.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features of hinge joint.

Describe movement of a joint.
Examine a hinge joint.

Observe movement of the fore arm;

Discussion.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 128-9
11 1
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Skeletal muscles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of skeletal muscles.
Examine diagrams of skeletal muscles;
Brief discussion.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 129-30
11 2-3
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Skeletal muscles.
Smooth or visceral muscles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of skeletal muscles.
Describe features of smooth muscles.
Examine diagrams of skeletal muscles;
Brief discussion.
Examine diagrams of smooth muscles;
Brief discussion.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 129-30
11 4
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Cardiac muscles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of smooth muscles.
Examine diagrams of smooth muscles;
Brief discussion;
Topic review.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 130-1
11 4-5
SUPPORT & MOVEMENT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Cardiac muscles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of smooth muscles.
Examine diagrams of smooth muscles;
Brief discussion;
Topic review.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 130-1
12-13

End of term exam
14

Marking and School closing

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