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SCHEME OF WORK
Biology
Form 4 2025
TERM II
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1 2
EVOLUTION
Meaning of evolution. Theories of origin of life.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define evolution.
Explain the theories of life.


Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Q/A on creation theory;
Exposition of chemical theory.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 49-51
1 3
EVOLUTION
Evidence for organic evolution.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite evidence for organic evolution.
Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Exposition;
Discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 51-59
1 4-5
EVOLUTION
Evidence for organic evolution.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite evidence for organic evolution.
Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Exposition;
Discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 51-59
2 1
EVOLUTION
Comparative anatomy and homologous structures.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define divergent evolution.
Give examples of homologous structures.
Examine forelimbs of vertebrates;
Discuss adaptations and use of the limbs.
Forelimbs of vertebrates.
KLB BK IV. PP 59-63
2 2
EVOLUTION
Comparative anatomy and homologous structures.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define divergent evolution.
Give examples of homologous structures.
Examine forelimbs of vertebrates;
Discuss adaptations and use of the limbs.
Forelimbs of vertebrates.
KLB BK IV. PP 59-63
2 3
EVOLUTION
Comparative anatomy and homologous structures. (contd)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define divergent evolution.
Give examples of homologous structures.
Examine forelimbs of vertebrates;
Discuss adaptations and use of the limbs.
Forelimbs of vertebrates.
KLB BK IV. PP 59-63
2 4-5
EVOLUTION
Comparative anatomy and homologous structures. (contd)
Convergent evolution and analogous structures.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define divergent evolution.
Give examples of homologous structures.
Define convergent evolution.
Give examples of analogous structures.
Give examples of vestigial structures.
Examine forelimbs of vertebrates;
Discuss adaptations and use of the limbs.
Examine wings of insects; wings of birds / bat.
Discuss observations.
Forelimbs of vertebrates.
Wings of insects, wings of birds / bat.
KLB BK IV. PP 59-63
KLB BK IV. PP 63-64
3 1
EVOLUTION
Convergent evolution and analogous structures.(contd)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define convergent evolution.
Give examples of analogous structures.
Give examples of vestigial structures.
Examine wings of insects; wings of birds / bat.
Discuss observations.
Wings of insects, wings of birds / bat.
KLB BK IV. PP 63-64
3 2
EVOLUTION
Convergent evolution and analogous structures.(contd)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define convergent evolution.
Give examples of analogous structures.
Give examples of vestigial structures.
Examine wings of insects; wings of birds / bat.
Discuss observations.
Wings of insects, wings of birds / bat.
KLB BK IV. PP 63-64
3 3
EVOLUTION
Convergent evolution and analogous structures.(contd)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define convergent evolution.
Give examples of analogous structures.
Give examples of vestigial structures.
Examine wings of insects; wings of birds / bat.
Discuss observations.
Wings of insects, wings of birds / bat.
KLB BK IV. PP 63-64
3 4-5
EVOLUTION
Larmack?s theory of evolution.
Darwin?s theory of natural selection.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Larmack?s theory of evolution.
Explain Darwin?s theory of natural selection.
Cite examples of natural selection in action.
Expositions and explanations.

Expositions and explanations;
Probing questions;
Topic review.
text book
KLB BK IV. P 67
KLB BK IV. PP 67-72
4 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Meaning of stimulus, response and irritability. Tactic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define of stimulus, response and irritability.
Explain the need for sensitivity and response.
Identify types of tactics responses.




Brain storming;
Exposition;
Group experiments-chemotaxis in termites;
Discussion.




Brad crumbs, termites, dry sand, moth balls.




KLB BK IV. PP 73-74
4 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Meaning of stimulus, response and irritability. Tactic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define of stimulus, response and irritability.
Explain the need for sensitivity and response.
Identify types of tactics responses.




Brain storming;
Exposition;
Group experiments-chemotaxis in termites;
Discussion.




Brad crumbs, termites, dry sand, moth balls.




KLB BK IV. PP 73-74
4 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Meaning of stimulus, response and irritability. Tactic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define of stimulus, response and irritability.
Explain the need for sensitivity and response.
Identify types of tactics responses.




Brain storming;
Exposition;
Group experiments-chemotaxis in termites;
Discussion.




Brad crumbs, termites, dry sand, moth balls.




KLB BK IV. PP 73-74
4 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Tropism and types of tropism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of tropism.
State differences between tropisms and taxes.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity;
Probing questions and discussion.
Seedlings, klinostat, corked beaker.
KLB BK IV. PP 74-78
5 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Nastic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of nastic responses
Q/A and discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 78-80
5 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Nastic responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of nastic responses
Q/A and discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 78-80
5 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Role of auxins in tropisms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of auxins in tropisms.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity; contact;
Probing questions and discussion.
text book
KLB BK IV. PP 80-83
5 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Role of auxins in tropisms.
Response and Co-ordination in animals. The nervous system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of auxins in tropisms.




State components of the nervous system.
Describe the structure of nerve cells.
Examine previous plant set ?ups on response to light, gravity; contact;
Probing questions and discussion.




Descriptive and expository approaches.
text book




Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 80-83
KLB BK IV. PP 84-85
6 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Types of neurons. The brain.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of neurons.

Describe structure of the human brain.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 85-88
6 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Types of neurons. The brain.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of neurons.

Describe structure of the human brain.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 85-88
6 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Types of neurons. The brain.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of neurons.

Describe structure of the human brain.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 85-88
6 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Reflex actions.
Transmission of a nerve impulse.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between simple and conditioned reflex actions.
Describe the transmission of a nerve impulse.
Illustrate a simple reflex arc.
Probing questions on differences between simple and conditioned reflex actions.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 88-90
KLB BK IV. PP 90-93
7 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The endocrine system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify components of endocrine system.
Compare endocrine system. With nervous system.
Discussion; tabulate the differences.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-6
7 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The endocrine system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify components of endocrine system.
Compare endocrine system. With nervous system.
Discussion; tabulate the differences.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-6
7 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The endocrine system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify components of endocrine system.
Compare endocrine system. With nervous system.
Discussion; tabulate the differences.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-6
7 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The mammalian eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the human eye.
Explain image formation and interpretation in the eye.
Brain storming;
Discussion with probing questions.
Chart- the human eye.
KLB BK IV. PP 93-100
8 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Accommodation of the eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of the eye.
Discussion with probing questions,
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Chart- focusing far and near points.
KLB BK IV. PP 100-1
8 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Accommodation of the eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of the eye.
Discussion with probing questions,
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Chart- focusing far and near points.
KLB BK IV. PP 100-1
8 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Accommodation of the eye.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of the eye.
Discussion with probing questions,
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Chart- focusing far and near points.
KLB BK IV. PP 100-1
8 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Accommodation of the eye.
Defects of vision and their correction.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of the eye.
Identify defects of vision.
Explain correction of vision defects.
Discussion with probing questions,
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

Detailed discussion with probing questions;
Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Chart- focusing far and near points.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 100-1
KLB BK IV. PP 101-4
9

Mid term
10 1
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
The human ear.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the human ear.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Drawn diagrams.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. PP 104-5
10 2
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Hearing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how the ear perceives sound.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
Illustrative diagrams.
KLB BK IV. P 106
10 3
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Body balance and posture.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how the ear maintains body balance and posture.
Descriptive and expository approaches.
KLB BK IV. PP 107-8
10 4-5
RECEPTION, RESPONSE & CO-ORDINATION
Body balance and posture.
Defects of the ear.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how the ear maintains body balance and posture.
Identify some defects of the ear.
Descriptive and expository approaches.

text book
KLB BK IV. PP 107-8
KLB BK IV.
P 108

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