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SCHEME OF WORK
Geography
Form 4 2025
TERM II
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Opener exams
2 1
FISHING
Factors influencing fishing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms fishing and fish-farming.
Outline factors influencing fishing.
Q/A and brief discussion on influence of presence of planktons, ocean currents, nature of coastline, capital, market and transport.
Assignment.

Map- ocean currents of Africa.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 22-23
2 2
FISHING
Types of fish & Methods of fishing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of fish.
Outline methods of fishing.
State advantages & disadvantages of specific methods of fishing.
Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to types of fish and fishing methods.
Probing questions on advantages & disadvantages of each method.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 25-28
2 3
FISHING
Major fishing grounds in the world. - Atlantic fishing grounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Atlantic fishing grounds.
Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 28-32
2 4
FISHING
- Pacific fishing grounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Pacific fishing grounds.
Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds;
N.E. Asia, West America.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 32-33
2 5
FISHING
- Pacific fishing grounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Pacific fishing grounds.
Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds;
N.E. Asia, West America.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 32-33
3 1
FISHING
Fishing grounds in Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major fishing grounds in Africa.
Descriptive approach.

Assignment method.
Illustrative maps ? fishing grounds in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 33-35
3 2
FISHING
Fishing in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Kenya.
Q/A & brief discussion.

Superficial case studies.
Map: drainage system in Kenya.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 35-38.
3 3
FISHING
Fish farming in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite significance of fish farming in Kenya and reasons why it should be encouraged.
State advantages & disadvantages of fish farming compared to other farming methods.
Describe establishment of fish farming in Kenya.
Brain storming,

Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 38-40
3 4
FISHING
Management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline some measures involved in the management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya.
Brief discussion on management and conservation measures.
KLB BOOK IV pg 40
3 5
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Management and conservation of wildlife in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight some of the measures being taken to conserve wildlife in East Africa.
Probing questions & discussion.
Newspaper cuttings.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 57-59
4 1
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Tourism: Introduction. Factors of tourism in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms tourism, eco-tourism, domestic tourism and international tourism.
Explain factors influencing tourism in Kenya.
Probing questions;
Exposition of new terms.

Detailed discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 59-64
4 2
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Tourist attractions in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify tourist attractions in Kenya.
Give specific examples of tourist attractions.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 64-69
4 3
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Significance of tourism. Problems associated with tourism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline benefits of tourism to Kenya.

Identify problems associated with tourism.
Give specific examples of tourism benefits.
Give specific examples of problems associated with tourism.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 69-73
4 4
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Significance of tourism. Problems associated with tourism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline benefits of tourism to Kenya.

Identify problems associated with tourism.
Give specific examples of tourism benefits.
Give specific examples of problems associated with tourism.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 69-73
4 5
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Tourism in Switzerland.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for development of tourism industry in Switzerland.
Superficial case study.
Map: location of Switzerland.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 71
5 1
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Introduction. Road transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms transport, communication & tele-communication.
State advantages & disadvantages of road transport.
Identify problems facing road transport.
Suggest ways of combating these problems.



Brainstorming, brief discussion;
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV Pg 120-121
5 2
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Railway transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of railway transport.
Identify problems facing railway transport in Africa.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 121-2
5 3
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Railway transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of railway transport.
Identify problems facing railway transport in Africa.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 121-2
5 4
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Water transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for development of water transport in Africa.
State advantages & disadvantages of water transport.
Identify problems facing water transport in Africa.
Q/A ,brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 123-4
5 5
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Water transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for development of water transport in Africa.
State advantages & disadvantages of water transport.
Identify problems facing water transport in Africa.
Q/A ,brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 123-4
6 1
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Air transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for development of air transport in Africa.
State advantages & disadvantages of air transport.
Identify problems facing air transport in Africa.
Q/A, brief discussion.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 124 -5
6 2
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Pipelines, lifts & escalators.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of pipelines, lifts & escalators.
Brief discussion, Q/A.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 126
6 3
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Types of communication systems.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of communication systems in Africa.
Q/A, discussion & exposition of new concepts e.g. Facsimile, internet and
e-mail.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 127-8
6 4
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Major lines of transport in Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major lines of transport in Africa.
Locate major roads, railway lines, airlines and waterways on a map.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 129
6 5
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Role of transport & communication.
Problems facing transport and communication in Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of transport & communication in the economic development of Africa.
Brainstorming, probing questions & discussion.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 134-8
7

Mid term exams

8

Mid term break
9 1
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Enumerate benefits of the project.
Identify the role of the projects in the economies of USA and Canada.
Brief case study on of St. Lawrence Seaway project.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 140-1
9 2
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Enumerate benefits of the project.
Identify the role of the projects in the economies of USA and Canada.
Brief case study on of St. Lawrence Seaway project.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 140-1
9 3
TRADE
Types of trade.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify and describe types of trade.
Brainstorming, probing questions and discussion on types of trade.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 143-5
9 4
TRADE
Factors influencing trade.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors that make trade possible.
Q/A & Discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 146-7
9 5
TRADE
Significance of trade to Kenya. Problems facing trade in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the significance of trade to Kenya.

Identify major problems facing trade in Kenya.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Balance of trade charts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 149-152
10 1
TRADE
Regional Trade Blocs.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of regional trade blocs.
Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs.
Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs.
Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs.
Descriptive approach on COMESA, SADC, and AU.

Assignment.
Balance of trade charts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 154-6
10 2
TRADE
Regional Trade Blocs.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of regional trade blocs.
Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs.
Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs.
Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs.
Descriptive approach on COMESA, SADC, and AU.

Assignment.
Balance of trade charts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 154-6
10 3
TRADE
Regional Trade Blocs.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of regional trade blocs.
Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs.
Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs.
Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs.
Descriptive approach on COMESA, SADC, and AU.

Assignment.
Balance of trade charts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 154-6
10 4
TRADE
Regional Trade Blocs. (contd)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of regional trade blocs.
Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs.
Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs.
Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs.
Descriptive approach of discussing WTO, ECOWAS, AGOA
Balance of trade charts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 146 - 8
10 5
SETTLEMENT
Types of settlements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term settlement.
State types of settlements.


Probing questions; discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 186-7
11 1
SETTLEMENT
Location and patterns of settlements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing location and patterns of settlements.
Q/A & discussion on geographical, economical factors, cultural factors etc.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 187-191
11 2
SETTLEMENT
Patterns of settlement.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify various patterns of settlement.
Exposition & explanations on: nucleated, linear, dispersed and other complex settlement patterns.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 191-2
11 3
SETTLEMENT
Major urban centres in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify categories of urban centres in East Africa; and give examples in each case.
Brief discussion giving specific examples.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 193-4
11 4
SETTLEMENT
Growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 195-6
11 5
SETTLEMENT
Nairobi City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the growth of Nairobi to city status.
Outline factors favouring growth of Nairobi.
Identify problems facing Nairobi as a city.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 201-4
12 1
SETTLEMENT
New York City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors influencing growth of New York city.
Identify problems facing New York City.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 204-7
12 2
SETTLEMENT
New York City.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors influencing growth of New York city.
Identify problems facing New York City.
Probing questions & brief discussion.
Case study.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 204-7
12 3
SETTLEMENT
Mombasa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace history and growth of Mombasa.
Outline factors influencing growth of Mombasa.
Identify problems faced by Mombasa as a city.
Exposition, explanations and discussion.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 207-211
12 4
SETTLEMENT
Rotterdam.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify factors leading to growth of Rotterdam to an international port.
Exposition & explanations.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 211-2
12 5
SETTLEMENT
Effects of urbanization.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline effects of urbanization.
Brain storming;
Discussion.
Map: major East Africa urban centers.
KLB BOOK IV

PG 212-5
13

End of term exams
14

Revision and closing

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