THE MOLE

Mole, molar mass and R.A.M.
Number of moles in a substance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term mole as a quantity of measurement.
Relate the mole to R.A.M and molar mass.
Calculate number of moles in a given mass of a substance.

Discuss various analogies that lead to the definition of the mole.
Expose the meaning of R.A.M., Avogadro?s constant and molar mass.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

Chart- table of molar masses of elements.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 27-31
Longhorn
Book III
PP 34-35

K.L.B .BK III
P. 34
Longhorn
BK III
PP 39-40

THE MOLE

Relative molecular mass & Relative formula mass.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define relative molecular mass.
Calculate RMM of a compound.

Q/A: - Review formulae of compounds.
Complete a table of compounds and their molecular / formula mass.

Calculators.

K.L.B.BK III
PP. 34-35

Longhorn Book III PP 44-60

THE MOLE

Moles and Avogadro?s number.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate number of particles in a given number of moles.

Review standard form of numbers.
Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.

Calculators.

K.L.B.BK III
PP. 3132
Longhorn
Book III
PP 30-31

THE MOLE

Empirical Formula.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine empirical formula of a compound given percentage composition by mass.

Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

Assignment.

student book

K.L.B.
BK III P. 43

Longhorn Book III PP 66-71

THE MOLE

Molecular formula.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molecular formula of a compound.
Find molecular formula given percentage composition of a compound by mass.

Worked examples.

Supervised practice.

Calculators.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 45

Longhorn
Book III
PP 73-75

THE MOLE

Molecular formula.
Concentration of a solution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molecular formula of a compound.
Find molecular formula given percentage composition of a compound by mass.

Define concentration of a solution.
Find concentration of a solution in grams/litre and moles/litre.

Worked examples.

Supervised practice.
Q/A: - Equivalent ratios, e.g. 4g dissolved in 500cm? and
8g in 1 litre.
Worked examples on concentration of solutions.

Calculators.
chart

K.L.B.BK III
P. 45

Longhorn
Book III
PP 73-75

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 46-48

Longhorn Book III PP 76-81

THE MOLE

Molarity of a solution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molarity of a solution.
Find molarity of a solution in M/dm?

Teacher explains that molarity of a solution is given in moles of the solute per litre.
Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 48-49

Longhorn
Book III
PP 76-81

THE MOLE

Preparation of molar solutions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define molar solutions.
Prepare molar solutions.

Q/A: - Description of preparation of molar solutions.

Volumetric flasks, teat droppers/wash bottle.
Sodium hydrogen pellets.
Weighing balance.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 50-51

Longhorn
Book III
PP 78-81

THE MOLE

Calculators on molar solutions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Solve numerical calculations on molar solutions.
Problems on molar solutions.

Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.
Assignment.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P 51
Longhorn Book III PP 76-81

THE MOLE

Dilution of solutions.
Stoichiometry of a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometric equations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate molarity of a solution after dilution.
To define a stoichiometric equation.

Group experiments.
Calculations.
To write stoichiometric equations of the above reactions.

student book
CuSO4 solution and iron metal.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 76-81
K.L.B. BK III
Longhorn Book III PP 14-16
PP. 88-93

THE MOLE

Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and determine Stoichiometric equations of various reactions.

Class experiments.

Problem solving.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 62

Volumetric Analysis.

Apparatus used in titration experiments.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To use and read a pipette and a burette.

Discussion and practical use of the apparatus.
Emphasis is laid on need to sterilize the apparatus after use.

Pipettes
Burettes.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 63-64
Longhorn
Book III
PP 104-8

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration process.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define titration as a process.
Define a titration end-point.

Review by Q/A: -
-Indicators and colour changes.
-Choice of indicators.
-Balanced chemical equations.
Discuss characteristics of a good titre, when an an-end point is attained.

Indicators
Suitable acid and base.

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 64-67

Longhorn
Book III
PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out a titration experiment and obtain accurate results.

Class experiments: - To neutralize HCl with NaOH solution.
Fill in a table of results.
Find the average base used.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 66

Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Titration experiment (Neutralization reaction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out calculations from experimental results.

Step-by-step calculations.

Calculators.

K.L.B. BK III
P 66
Longhorn Book III PP 108-114

Volumetric Analysis.

Basicity of an acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define basicity of an acid.

Complete a table of number of replaceable hydrogen ions of an acid; hence define basicity of an acid.
Write corresponding ionic equations.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 73

Volumetric Analysis.

Standardization of HCl.
Concentration of HCl.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define standardization of HCl.

Class experiments.

Dilute HCl, Na2CO3 solutions.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Volumetric Analysis.

Redox Titration Reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To standardize a solution with an iron (II) salt.

Experiment and calculations.

Potassium Magnate
(VII)

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 74-75

Longhorn
Book III
PP 114-115

Volumetric Analysis.

Water of crystallization.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine amount of water of crystallization in ammonium iron sulphate crystals.

Teacher exposes the formula of water of crystallization.
Class experiment.
Filling in a table of results.

Ammonium
Iron (II)
Sulphate crystals.
Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 76

Volumetric Analysis.

Formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.
Formula mass of a given salt.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To find formula mass of ammonium iron (II) sulphate.

Calculations from experimental results.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 76 -77

Volumetric Analysis.

Atomicity of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define atomicity of gases.

Review by Q/A atoms and molecules; hence the definition.
Discuss a table of gases and their atomicity.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 78 -80
Longhorn BK III PP 126-128

Volumetric Analysis.

Mass and volume of gases.
Molar gas volume.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine mass and volume of gases.
To define molar gas volume.

Teacher demonstration: - Determining mass of known volumes of oxygen / CO2.

Use the above results to describe volume of one mole of a gas.
Discuss molar gas volume at R.T.P and S.T.P conditions.

Lubricated syringes
Oxygen/
CO2.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 81
Longhorn BK III
PP 126-127

K.L.B. BK III
79 ? 80
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-127

Volumetric Analysis.

Combining volumes of gases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare combining volumes of two reacting gases.

Teacher demonstration: - Determining volumes of reacting gases; hence deduce volume rations.

student book

K.L.B BK III
P. 82

Volumetric Analysis.

Gay Lussac?s Law.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state Gay Lussac?s Law.
To compare Gay Lussac?s Law with Avogadro?s Law.
To solve numericals using Gay Lussac?s Law.

Teacher exposes the law; and compares it with Gay Lussac?s Law.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 85

Longhorn
Book III
PP 129-131

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Hydrocarbons.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define organic Chemistry.
To define a hydrocarbon.
To identify groups of hydrocarbons.
To describe the carbon atom.

Discuss composition of the carbon atom; hence deduce number of valence electrons.
Exposition of new terms.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 92
Longhorn
Book III
P 135

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkanes.
Naming Alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkanes.
To list sources of alkanes.
To state uses of different fractions of crude oil.
To define cracking of alkanes.
To identify various alkanes.
To define a homologous series.

Expose various alkanes.
Discuss the biomass digester, fractional distillation of crude oil and uses of the fractions.
Discuss the cracking process.

Discussion and exposition of new concepts.

Chart of biomass digester.
student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 93-94

Longhorn
Book III
PP 135-6

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 94-98
Longhorn
Book III
PP 136-139

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Members of Alkane series.
Isomerism in alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name members of alkane series and identify their characteristics.
To draw the structures of alkane series.

Discussion and exposition of new concepts.

Chart- structure of alkanes.
Models.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 97-99

Longhorn Book III
PP 137-9

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Laboratory preparation of a given alkane.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe laboratory preparation of a given alkane.
To state physical properties of the gases prepared.

Teacher demonstration.
Discussion.

Sodium ethanoate, sodalime,
Pestle and mortar.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 103

Longhorn
Book III
PP 146

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Trend in physical properties of alkanes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the trend in physical properties of alkanes.

Study a table of comparative properties of alkanes.
Make deductions from the table.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 105

Longhorn
Book III
PP 148-9

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Chemical properties of alkanes.
Substitution reactions involving alkanes. Uses of alkanes.
Alkenes. Molecular formulae of alkenes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe chemical properties of alkanes.
To describe substitution reactions involving alkanes.

To list down uses of alkanes.

Discussion
Examples of balanced equations.
Discussion


Teacher elucidates uses of alkanes.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 107
Longhorn
Book III
PP 148-9

K.L.B. BK III
P. 108

Longhorn
Book III
PP 149-50

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Naming alkenes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name various alkenes.

Q/Q: Nomenclature in alkenes.
Compare alkenes; hence deduce names of various alkenes.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 110-113
Longhorn
Book III
PP 154-6

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkene isomerism.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between branching and positional isomerism.

Discussion and drawing of molecular structures.

student book

K.L.B. BK III
P. 113
Longhorn
Book III
PP 158-60

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Preparing ethene in the lab.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of ethene.

Teacher demonstration: - Carry out tests on ethene as students note down the observations in a table.

chart

K.L.B. BK III
P 162

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Physical properties of ethene.
Chemical properties of ethene.
Alkenes and oxidizing agents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.
To describe reactions of alkenes with oxidizing agents.

To discuss physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.


Review the double bonds in alkenes.
Review reduction process, oxidizing agent.
Discuss reactions of alkenes with conc. H2SO4, acidified potassium chromate.
Expose hydrolysis process.

student book
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 116-117
Longhorn Book III
PP 126-129
165-6

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 120-121


Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Uses of alkenes & Topic review.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down uses of alkenes.

Teacher elucidates uses of alkenes.

Assignment.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 121 Longhorn Book
PP 170-1

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Alkynes. Nomenclature.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkynes.
To name and draw structures of alkynes.

Discuss a table of members of alkynes.
Review naming of alkanes and alkene and compare this with naming of alkynes.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 122-123
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129 171-5

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Isomerism in alkynes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw structure showing positional and branching isomerism.

Discussion and drawing structures.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 124-125
Longhorn
Book III
PP 176-8

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Physical properties of ethyne.
Chemical properties of ethyne.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of ethyne.
To describe combustion, halogenation and hydrogenation processes.

Teacher demonstration: Preparation of ethyne.
Deduce properties of other alkynes.
Discussion and writing of equations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 125-126
Longhorn
Book III
PP 197-80

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 127-129
Longhorn Book III
PP 180-184

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)

Tests for alkynes. Uses of alkynes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe tests for alkynes and state uses of alkynes.

Discussion and explanations.

Assignment.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P.130

Longhorn Book III
PP 180-84