FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Electrical system of a tractor.
Tractor ignition system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name the components in the electrical system of a tractor.
Highlight methods of maintaining a tractor battery.

Refer to diagram for electrical system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

Chart-  electrical system.
Chart - ignition system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 65-67

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor cooling system.
Lubrication system of an engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Briefly describe air-cooled and water-cooled systems.
Discuss proper maintenance of cooling system.

Brief discussion.

Chart- water cooling system.
diagram of a lubrication system

KLB BK IV
Pg 69-71

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 63-64

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Power transmission system of an engine.
Tractor servicing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the function of power transmission system.
State the function of the clutch, gearbox and the differential.

Teacher exposes the parts of power transmission system.
Refer to diagrams to identify parts of a power transmission system;
Brief discussion.

Chart- power transmission
system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 72-76

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-65

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor drawn implements.
Disc plough.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify tractor drawn implements on basis of attachment to the tractor.
List down maintenance practices for a trailer.

Teacher?s explanations.


Q/A: maintenance practices.

Charts-
Tractor drawn implements.
Chart- Disc plough

KLB BK IV
Pg 77-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 66-7

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Mould board plough.
Harrows.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State operational differences between the disc plough and mould board plough.

Chart- Mould board plough
harrows 

KLB BK IV
Pg 80-82
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 70-1

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Other farm implements.
Animal drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functional features of subsoilers, ridgers, rotary tillers & mowers.
List down maintenance practices for the
implements.

Exposition & brief discussion.
Excursion & exhibitions.

illustrative video
Chart:
An ox-plough.

KLB BK IV
Pg 85-91

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 78-82

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Household firm relationship.
Gross domestic product (GDP) and Gross National product (GNP). Per Capita Income.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a household and a firm as business terms.
Describe a household and a firm as producers and consumers and their role in a country's economic growth.

Q/A: review definition of economics, production economics.
Exposition & explanations.
Q/A & discussion.

resource person
calculator

KLB BK IV
Pg 96-97

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 20-21

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Contribution of Agriculture to national development.
Land as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain contribution of Agriculture to development.

Brain storming;
Discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 98-9
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 90-91

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Labor as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term labor as used in production.
Explain ways of improving labor productivity.
Identify types of labor.

Oral questions & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 100-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 93-4

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Capital.
Management as a production factor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term capital.
Identify types of capital.
List sources of capital.

Oral questions, exposition & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 102-3
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 94-95

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Production function.
Production function curves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define production function.
State characteristics of variable and fixed inputs.

Q/A: examples of inputs & outputs; variable and fixed inputs;
Brief discussion.

Graph papers.

KLB BK IV
Pg 104-6
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 96-7

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Increasing returns production functions.
Constant returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate and interpret Increasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where increasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of increasing returns production functions.

Graph papers.
charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 107-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 99

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Decreasing returns production functions.
Law of diminishing returns.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Decreasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where decreasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of decreasing returns production functions.

graphs

KLB BK IV
Pg 109-10

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Zones of a PF curve.
The principles of substitution. Input-input relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Divide a production function into three zones.
Identify rational zones of production.

Q/A: review AP, MP.
Guided discovery of the three zones.

Chart - Curve showing 3 zones of PF.

KLB BK IV
Pg 113-5
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 101-2

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Product-product relationship. Supplementary and complementary products.
The principle of equi-marginal returns. The concept of cost.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give examples of product-product relationship.

Give illustrative examples depicting supplementary and complementary products.

Oral questions: joint products, competitive products.

Discussion.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 116-7

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 103

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Types of revenue.
Farm planning.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compute total revenue, net revenue and marginal revenue given the relevant information.

Worked examples;
Explanations.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 119-120
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 107

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Making a farm plan.
Farm budgeting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline steps followed in making a farm plan.

Exposition, probing questions & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 122-3
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 109

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Types of farm budgets.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe types of farm budgets.
Give examples of contexts where certain types of budgets are used.
Draw a partial budget.
Draw a complete budget.

Exposition & discussion,
Worked examples;
Supervised practice;
Written exercises.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 124-7

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 110-1

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Farmer?s support services Extension, training & banking.
Credit. Sources of credit.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe extension, training & banking as support services to the farmers.

Exposition & explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 127-8

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 112-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Artificial insemination & Agricultural research.
Marketing. Farm input suppliers Tractor hire service

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe A.I. services provided to farmers.
Identify objectives of Agricultural research.
Give examples of Agricultural research centers in Kenya.

Detailed discussion
& exposition of new concepts.

student book
resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 130-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 115-6

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Risks and uncertainties in farming.
Adjusting to uncertainties and risks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms risk and uncertainty.
List types of risk and uncertainties.

Brain storming;
Detailed discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 134-5

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 116-7

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial documents.
Books of accounts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Outline details contained in an invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

Oral questions & brief discussion.

Invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

KLB BK IV
Pg 139-145

Longhorn Bk 4
121

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Cash book.
Journal & Subsidiary books of the Journal.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the cash book.
Balance cash book.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative examples.

Cash book.

KLB BK IV
Pg 150
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 125

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial statements. Balance sheet.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of balance sheets.
Prepare a balance sheet.

Make entries in a balance sheet.
Prepare a balance sheet.
Supervised practice.

Balance sheet.

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 129-130

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Solvency of a business.
Profit and loss account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine whether a business is solvent or insolvent.

chart 

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 130

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Market and marketing.
Types of markets. Monopoly. Oligopoly & Monopsony.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define the term market as an institution.
Distinguish between a perfect and imperfect market.

Q/A: definition.
Teacher?s explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 164

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 137

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Price theory and demand.
Factors affecting demand for a commodity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms price & demand.
Sketch the demand curve.
Explain the term demand schedule.

Exposition;
Curve sketching & explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 166-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 139-140

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Elasticity of demand.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of elasticity of demand.
Illustrate demand for a commodity.
Calculate elasticity of demand.
Identify types of elasticity of demand.
Illustrate elastic, inelastic & unitary demand graphically.

Teacher?s explanations.
Graphical illustration.

Worked examples. Supervised practice.



Graphical representation of demand.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 170-3


Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 142-4

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Factors affecting elasticity of demand.
Supply & Supply-price relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors affecting elasticity of demand.

Exposition;
Explanations.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 173-4

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Factors affecting supply of a commodity.
Elasticity of supply (Es).

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State & explain factors affecting supply of a commodity.

Q/A & detailed discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 175-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 145-6

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Determination of market prices.
Price control. Marketing and marketing function.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how market prices are determined.
Determine the equilibrium or market prices of a commodity in a free market.

Teacher?s explanation.

Q/A : review demand and supply curves.
Plot both curves.
Interpret the graphs.

graph
student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 178-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 149

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Marketing organizations and agencies. Wholesalers & retailers.
Itinerant traders, broker agents & commission agents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the arbitrage role of a wholesaler.
Identify services provided by retailers.

Brain storming;
Exposition;
Discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 183-4

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 151

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Packers and processors, marketing boards & auctioneers.
Special characteristics of Agricultural products.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline functions of packers and processors, marketing boards & auctioneers in a market.

Q/A & detailed discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 185-6

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Agricultural organizations. Kenya sugar authority, Horticultural crops Development Authority, AFC, ADC, and KMC.
Other Farmers? Associations: KNFU, ASK, 4K-club, YF club.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the functions of Kenya sugar authority, Horticultural crops Development Authority, AFC, ADC, and KMC.

Probing questions,
Brief discussion

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 189-192

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 163-4

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS
AGRO FORESTRY

Co-operative societies.
Definition of Agroforestry. Forms of agroforestry.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the principles of co-operatives.
Highlight functions of co-operatives.

Probing questions, brief discussion, & teacher?s explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 161-2

AGRO FORESTRY

Importance of agroforestry.
Tree nursery.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the importance of agroforestry.

Tree nurseries.

KLB BK IV
Pg 201-2
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 167-8

AGRO FORESTRY

Nursery management practices & Care and management of trees.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify practices carried out on the nursery in order to produce healthy tree seedlings.
Describe the care and management of trees.

Brain storming;
Discussion;
Practical activities ? transplanting seedlings.

Tree nurseries.

KLB BK IV
Pg 205-8

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 173-177