THE FAMILY

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce sounds and words correctly for effective oral communication. 
- Use vocabulary in sentences for effective oral communication. 
- Listen attentively to an oral text for comprehension.

The learner is guided to: 
- Say tongue twisters with words containing the sounds /t/ /d/ /f/ /v/ and the digraph /tw/. 
- Repeat saying minimal pairs with the sounds /t/ /d/ /f/ /v/ and the digraph /tw/ from the teacher or an audio recording. 
- Match words that have the same sounds and use them to construct sentences collaboratively. 
- Search for words related to the theme on the internet and use them in sentences with peers. 
- Find out the correct pronunciation of words and sentences from electronic or print dictionaries.

- Why should we pronounce sounds and words correctly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 1 
- Audio recordings 
- Digital devices 
- Dictionary 
- Flash cards

- Observation  - Oral questions  - Pronunciation exercises  - Group work activities

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Listen attentively to an oral text for comprehension. 
- Play language games for listening comprehension. 
- Value correct pronunciation in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Listen to an audio text and answer comprehension questions. 
- Play a language game with words containing the sounds /t/ /d/ /f/ /v/ and the digraph /tw/. 
- Listen to the correct pronunciation of words from electronic devices. 
- Use vocabulary related to family in sentences. 
- Record themselves pronouncing words with target sounds.

- How can language games help us improve our listening skills?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 3 
- Audio recordings 
- Word games 
- Digital devices 
- Flash cards

- Listening exercises  - Oral presentations  - Group activities  - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Listen attentively to an oral text for comprehension. 
- Play language games for listening comprehension. 
- Value correct pronunciation in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Listen to an audio text and answer comprehension questions. 
- Play a language game with words containing the sounds /t/ /d/ /f/ /v/ and the digraph /tw/. 
- Listen to the correct pronunciation of words from electronic devices. 
- Use vocabulary related to family in sentences. 
- Record themselves pronouncing words with target sounds.

- How can language games help us improve our listening skills?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 3 
- Audio recordings 
- Word games 
- Digital devices 
- Flash cards

- Listening exercises  - Oral presentations  - Group activities  - Peer assessment

Reading

Extensive Reading: Reference Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify the spelling and meaning of words from the dictionary for understanding. 
- Arrange words alphabetically for library skills. 
- Use reference materials to find information.

The learner is guided to: 
- Arrange words alphabetically or according to related areas. 
- Discuss with peers how words are organised in a dictionary. 
- Collaboratively identify the spelling and meaning of words from electronic or print dictionaries. 
- Identify first, second and third letters of words. 
- Complete exercises arranging words alphabetically.

- Why is it important to spell words correctly?  - How does a dictionary help us to learn?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 4 
- Dictionary 
- Digital devices 
- Library books 
- Word lists 
- Flash cards

- Written exercises  - Dictionary skills assessment  - Observation  - Peer assessment

Reading

Extensive Reading: Reference Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read the junior encyclopaedia to obtain information for lifelong learning. 
- Promote the use of reference materials to obtain information. 
- Value reference materials for information seeking.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read grade appropriate texts, write down unfamiliar words and check their meaning. 
- Select a topic and obtain information from references such as junior encyclopaedia. 
- Visit the library to read reference materials on family. 
- Compare the organization of dictionaries and encyclopaedias. 
- Report to classmates what they have learnt.

- How do encyclopaedias help us learn about different topics?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 6 
- Encyclopaedias 
- Digital devices 
- Library 
- Story books 
- Word lists

- Reading logs  - Oral presentations  - Information summaries  - Group discussions

Grammar in Use

Determiners: Articles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify definite and indefinite articles in a written text for effective communication. 
- Distinguish between different types of articles. 
- Use definite and indefinite articles correctly in writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read aloud the articles a, an and the with peers. 
- Identify definite and indefinite articles (a, an, and the) from a paragraph. 
- Match definite and indefinite articles with a list of nouns collaboratively. 
- Complete blanks in sentences using correct articles. 
- Construct sentences using definite and indefinite articles with peers.

How are articles used with nouns?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 8 
- Flash cards 
- Charts 
- Digital devices 
- Sentence strips

- Written exercises  - Observation  - Oral questions  - Fill-in-the-blanks exercises

Grammar in Use

Determiners: Articles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify definite and indefinite articles in a written text for effective communication. 
- Distinguish between different types of articles. 
- Use definite and indefinite articles correctly in writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read aloud the articles a, an and the with peers. 
- Identify definite and indefinite articles (a, an, and the) from a paragraph. 
- Match definite and indefinite articles with a list of nouns collaboratively. 
- Complete blanks in sentences using correct articles. 
- Construct sentences using definite and indefinite articles with peers.

How are articles used with nouns?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 8 
- Flash cards 
- Charts 
- Digital devices 
- Sentence strips

- Written exercises  - Observation  - Oral questions  - Fill-in-the-blanks exercises

Grammar in Use

Determiners: Articles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use definite and indefinite articles in sentences for effective communication. 
- Realise the use of articles in oral and written contexts for self-expression. 
- Value the correct use of articles in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Type sentences on a digital device and share it with friends or family via mobile phone, email, computer printouts among others. 
- View a video related to the theme in which the definite and indefinite articles are used. 
- Cooperate with others to search for sentences with articles from a selected newspaper, magazine or internet. 
- Create lists of nouns that use a, an, and the.

Why do we need to use articles correctly in our communication?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 10 
- Digital devices 
- Newspapers 
- Magazines 
- Videos 
- Flash cards

- Sentence construction  - Digital sharing tasks  - Peer assessment  - Group work evaluation

Writing

Functional Writing: Filling Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify the required information to be filled in forms for different purposes. 
- Recognize different types of forms. 
- Read instructions on filling forms carefully.

The learner is guided to: 
- Discuss how to fill in forms with peers. 
- Examine various forms and identify the required information. 
- Read instructions on filling in forms collaboratively. 
- Identify and discuss the importance of filling forms correctly. 
- Collect different forms and identify the required information.

- Why should one be careful when filling in forms?  - What information do we fill in forms?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 11 
- Sample forms 
- Digital devices 
- Flash cards 
- Charts

- Observation  - Oral questions  - Form analysis exercises  - Group discussions

Writing

Functional Writing: Filling Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify the required information to be filled in forms for different purposes. 
- Recognize different types of forms. 
- Read instructions on filling forms carefully.

The learner is guided to: 
- Discuss how to fill in forms with peers. 
- Examine various forms and identify the required information. 
- Read instructions on filling in forms collaboratively. 
- Identify and discuss the importance of filling forms correctly. 
- Collect different forms and identify the required information.

- Why should one be careful when filling in forms?  - What information do we fill in forms?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 11 
- Sample forms 
- Digital devices 
- Flash cards 
- Charts

- Observation  - Oral questions  - Form analysis exercises  - Group discussions

Writing

Functional Writing: Filling Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Fill information in forms correctly for self-expression. 
- Realise the importance of filling forms correctly for effective communication. 
- Value accurate form completion.

The learner is guided to: 
- Fill forms provided by the teacher with specific details such as personal details, school details, etc. 
- Record the required information related to the theme in the forms with partners. 
- Fill in forms in digital or print format in pairs and display them. 
- Download online forms and fill in information with guidance from the teacher. 
- Create a form, and then type it on a computer, laptop or tablet with guidance.

- What would happen if we filled forms incorrectly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 13 
- Sample forms 
- Digital devices 
- Printer 
- Pens 
- Online forms

- Form completion exercises  - Peer assessment  - Digital form creation  - Observation  - Display of completed forms

FAMILY CELEBRATIONS

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Discriminate sounds and words in a language sample for listening comprehension. 
- Identify words with sounds /ɜː/ /ɑː/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /l/ /r/. 
- Use vocabulary related to celebrations correctly.

The learner is guided to: 
- Listen to a variety of audio materials and identify sounds /ɜː/ /ɑː/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /l/ /r/, words and expressions related to the theme. 
- Listen to passages or dialogues read by the teacher and identify the target sounds. 
- Use vocabulary related to the theme to construct a variety of sentences. 
- Use word wheels with sounds /ɜː/ /ɑː/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /l/ /r/ to form new words.

- Why should you pronounce sounds and words correctly?  - Which words are used as subjects in a sentence?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 14 
- Audio recordings 
- Word wheels 
- Digital devices 
- Flash cards

- Observation  - Oral questions  - Pronunciation exercises  - Group activities

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce words containing sounds related to the theme accurately for effective communication. 
- Appreciate the importance of accurate pronunciation for effective communication. 
- Apply correct pronunciation in daily communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Watch a video together from the web offline or online and identify learnt sounds and words. 
- Role play and create a video collaboratively using the learnt sounds and words. 
- Recite poems and rhymes with target sounds. 
- Identify words and expressions relating to family celebrations and use them to make sentences.

- How can we improve our pronunciation of different sounds?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 16 
- Videos 
- Digital recording devices 
- Poems and rhymes 
- Word cards

- Video presentations  - Role play assessment  - Oral recitations  - Peer evaluation

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce words containing sounds related to the theme accurately for effective communication. 
- Appreciate the importance of accurate pronunciation for effective communication. 
- Apply correct pronunciation in daily communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Watch a video together from the web offline or online and identify learnt sounds and words. 
- Role play and create a video collaboratively using the learnt sounds and words. 
- Recite poems and rhymes with target sounds. 
- Identify words and expressions relating to family celebrations and use them to make sentences.

- How can we improve our pronunciation of different sounds?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 16 
- Videos 
- Digital recording devices 
- Poems and rhymes 
- Word cards

- Video presentations  - Role play assessment  - Oral recitations  - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading: Poems and Stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read poems or stories related to the theme for comprehension. 
- Identify main ideas from poems and stories. 
- Recognize similes and sayings in literary texts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Talk about pictures and the title of a poem and story (featuring similes and sayings). 
- Read a poem or story (featuring similes and sayings) in print and non-print texts related to the theme for comprehension. 
- Identify events in a poem or a story for logical and fluent flow. 
- Find new words and similes in a poem or story with peers.

- Why should we read the title and pictures in a story?  - What is your favourite poem or story?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 17 
- Story books 
- Poems 
- Pictures 
- Digital texts

- Reading comprehension exercises  - Identification of story elements  - Finding similes  - Sequencing events

Reading

Intensive Reading: Poems and Stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply appropriate reading techniques to answer direct and indirect questions based on a poem or story for self-expression. 
- Realise the importance of reading comprehension for lifelong learning. 
- Appreciate the value of literary devices in texts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Recite the poem and answer oral questions from poems and stories (featuring similes and sayings). 
- Participate in a readers' theatre collaboratively to read a passage. 
- Discuss and role play events in a text based on the theme. 
- Watch a video related to the theme for specific information.

- How can we understand poems and stories better?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 19 
- Readers' theatre scripts 
- Videos 
- Story books 
- Poems 
- Digital texts

- Oral presentations  - Role play assessment  - Comprehension questions  - Group discussions

Reading

Intensive Reading: Poems and Stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply appropriate reading techniques to answer direct and indirect questions based on a poem or story for self-expression. 
- Realise the importance of reading comprehension for lifelong learning. 
- Appreciate the value of literary devices in texts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Recite the poem and answer oral questions from poems and stories (featuring similes and sayings). 
- Participate in a readers' theatre collaboratively to read a passage. 
- Discuss and role play events in a text based on the theme. 
- Watch a video related to the theme for specific information.

- How can we understand poems and stories better?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 19 
- Readers' theatre scripts 
- Videos 
- Story books 
- Poems 
- Digital texts

- Oral presentations  - Role play assessment  - Comprehension questions  - Group discussions

Grammar in Use

Word Classes: Regular and Irregular Nouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify plurals of regular and irregular nouns for effective communication. 
- Distinguish between regular and irregular nouns. 
- Form plurals of regular nouns correctly.

The learner is guided to: 
- Give examples of regular and irregular nouns. 
- Discuss the difference between regular and irregular nouns as they work together. 
- Pick out and write plurals of regular and irregular nouns from audio recording. 
- Construct sentences using regular and irregular nouns in their plural forms.

- How do you show the number of things you have?  - Which things do we have in our classroom?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 22 
- Audio recordings 
- Flash cards 
- Charts 
- Digital devices

- Written exercises  - Noun identification activities  - Sentence construction  - Oral questions

Grammar in Use

Word Classes: Regular and Irregular Nouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use plurals of regular and irregular nouns in spoken and written language for communication clarity. 
- Promote the use of regular and irregular nouns in communication. 
- Value correct grammar usage in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Look up regular and irregular nouns on the internet and write them down. 
- Create a puzzle using a list of regular and irregular nouns on a digital device or exercise book with peers. 
- Create a chart showing regular and irregular nouns and how they form their plurals. 
- Play word games involving regular and irregular nouns.

- Why is it important to use correct plural forms?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 24 
- Digital devices 
- Word puzzles 
- Charts 
- Word lists

- Word puzzles  - Chart creation  - Digital activities  - Peer assessment

Writing

Creative Writing: Open-ended Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Express ideas on a given topic relevantly for effective communication. 
- Plan compositions using appropriate strategies. 
- Organize ideas logically in compositions.

The learner is guided to: 
- Discuss how to write a story on a given topic together. 
- Talk about the possible order of events in a given story with peers. 
- Write the first paragraph of a composition while observing the correct punctuation and spelling. 
- Plan a composition with an interesting beginning.

- Why is it necessary to express thoughts and feelings clearly?  - How can you make your story interesting?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 25 
- Sample compositions 
- Planning templates 
- Pictures 
- Digital devices

- Paragraph writing  - Planning exercises  - Peer feedback  - Observation

Writing

Creative Writing: Open-ended Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Write an open-ended composition creatively for self-expression. 
- Realise the importance of creativity in writing for effective communication. 
- Appreciate the value of peer feedback in improving writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write the whole composition legibly and neatly, independently. 
- Proof-read compositions with peers. 
- Share their completed stories in small groups. 
- Search and read written compositions online or offline. 
- Create a picture story about family celebrations.

- How can we improve our writing skills?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 27 
- Sample compositions 
- Digital devices 
- Checklist for proof-reading 
- Story books

- Completed compositions  - Proof-reading activities  - Presentation skills  - Self and peer assessment

Writing

Creative Writing: Open-ended Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Write an open-ended composition creatively for self-expression. 
- Realise the importance of creativity in writing for effective communication. 
- Appreciate the value of peer feedback in improving writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write the whole composition legibly and neatly, independently. 
- Proof-read compositions with peers. 
- Share their completed stories in small groups. 
- Search and read written compositions online or offline. 
- Create a picture story about family celebrations.

- How can we improve our writing skills?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 27 
- Sample compositions 
- Digital devices 
- Checklist for proof-reading 
- Story books

- Completed compositions  - Proof-reading activities  - Presentation skills  - Self and peer assessment

ETIQUETTE

Listening and Speaking

Polite Words and Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify polite words and phrases in a conversation for communication. 
- Recognize the importance of politeness in communication. 
- Value the use of polite language.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use tongue twisters to practise the sounds /e/, /eɪ/, /p/ and /b/. 
- Identify words and phrases containing the sounds /e/, /ei/, /p/ and /b/. 
- Listen to correct pronunciation of words and phrases related to etiquette from a digital device. 
- Practise saying words and phrases containing the target sounds.

- Why should we pronounce sounds and words clearly?  - Which words do we use to show politeness?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 29 
- Audio recordings 
- Flash cards 
- Digital devices 
- Polite language charts

- Observation  - Oral questions  - Pronunciation exercises  - Role play activities

Listening and Speaking

Polite Words and Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce words and phrases containing sounds related to etiquette accurately for effective communication. 
- Use appropriate words and phrases to show politeness in different contexts. 
- Promote the use of polite words and phrases in different contexts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use a word puzzle to find words and phrases containing the sounds learnt collaboratively. 
- Construct simple sentences using words related to the theme. 
- Write words containing the target sounds from a dictation. 
- Recite a poem featuring words related to etiquette, with peers. 
- Role-play situations requiring polite language.

- How can polite words improve our relationships with others?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 32 
- Word puzzles 
- Poems 
- Role play scenarios 
- Digital devices

- Word puzzles  - Dictation exercises  - Role play assessment  - Poem recitation

Listening and Speaking

Polite Words and Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce words and phrases containing sounds related to etiquette accurately for effective communication. 
- Use appropriate words and phrases to show politeness in different contexts. 
- Promote the use of polite words and phrases in different contexts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use a word puzzle to find words and phrases containing the sounds learnt collaboratively. 
- Construct simple sentences using words related to the theme. 
- Write words containing the target sounds from a dictation. 
- Recite a poem featuring words related to etiquette, with peers. 
- Role-play situations requiring polite language.

- How can polite words improve our relationships with others?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 32 
- Word puzzles 
- Poems 
- Role play scenarios 
- Digital devices

- Word puzzles  - Dictation exercises  - Role play assessment  - Poem recitation

Reading

Intensive Reading: Skimming and Scanning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read a text of about 300 words for comprehension. 
- Understand the concept of skimming for general information. 
- Value reading as a source of information.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read a variety of print and non-print texts of about 300 words for comprehension. 
- Identify events in a story or a passage of about 300 words with logical and fluent flow. 
- Answer factual and inferential questions from a text of about 300 words. 
- Work together to infer the meaning of vocabulary from contexts.

- Why do we read?  - How can we read faster?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 35 
- Story books 
- Digital texts 
- Grade-appropriate readers 
- Flash cards

- Comprehension questions  - Identifying main ideas  - Sequencing events  - Vocabulary exercises

Reading

Intensive Reading: Skimming and Scanning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply appropriate reading skills when reading a text of about 300 words to obtain both factual and inferential information. 
- Recommend intensive reading in their day-to-day life. 
- Appreciate the value of scanning for specific information.

The learner is guided to: 
- Skim through a digital text of about 300 words focusing mainly on the title and illustrations. 
- Scan for information such as words and answer questions from print or digital text. 
- Skim or scan a comic, magazine, newspaper or age-appropriate reader. 
- Discuss and role play events in texts based on the theme.

- How can skimming and scanning help us find information quickly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 38 
- Comics 
- Magazines 
- Newspapers 
- Digital texts

- Skimming exercises  - Scanning activities  - Role play  - Group discussions

Reading

Intensive Reading: Skimming and Scanning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply appropriate reading skills when reading a text of about 300 words to obtain both factual and inferential information. 
- Recommend intensive reading in their day-to-day life. 
- Appreciate the value of scanning for specific information.

The learner is guided to: 
- Skim through a digital text of about 300 words focusing mainly on the title and illustrations. 
- Scan for information such as words and answer questions from print or digital text. 
- Skim or scan a comic, magazine, newspaper or age-appropriate reader. 
- Discuss and role play events in texts based on the theme.

- How can skimming and scanning help us find information quickly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 38 
- Comics 
- Magazines 
- Newspapers 
- Digital texts

- Skimming exercises  - Scanning activities  - Role play  - Group discussions

Grammar in Use

Language Pattern: Enough + Nominal + Infinitive

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use the language pattern "enough + nominal + infinitive" in sentences correctly for fluency in speech. 
- Identify the pattern in written and spoken texts. 
- Value correct sentence structures in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Recite a poem with the pattern "enough + nominal + infinitive" related to the theme with peers. 
- Identify lines from the poem that have the language pattern. 
- Construct sentences related to the theme using the language pattern with peers. 
- Complete a written exercise based on the language pattern.

- Why should we use correct sentences in our speech or writing?  - How can we write sentences correctly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 40 
- Poems 
- Sentence strips 
- Charts 
- Flash cards

- Sentence construction  - Gap-filling exercises  - Poem recitation  - Written exercises

Grammar in Use

Language Pattern: A lot/a lot of

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Respond to questions on the language patterns in written communication. 
- Use "a lot/a lot of" correctly in sentences. 
- Adopt the use of language structures for effective communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Identify sentences with "a lot/a lot of" in texts. 
- Make sentences using "a lot/a lot of" related to etiquette. 
- Complete sentences with the correct pattern. 
- Create a poem or song using the patterns. 
- Type their sentences on digital devices and share with peers.

- How do we express large quantities in English?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 41 
- Charts 
- Digital devices 
- Sentence strips 
- Flash cards

- Sentence construction  - Gap-filling exercises  - Digital typing activities  - Poem/song creation

Writing

Handwriting: Legibility and Neatness

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Distinguish between tidy and untidy pieces of writing. 
- Identify the factors that contribute to legible handwriting. 
- Value neat and legible handwriting.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use appropriate writing instruments (pencil first and then a pen). 
- Print lower and upper case letters neatly and legibly. 
- Pay attention to consistent letter size and height, direction of strokes such as dots, tails, crossbars, curves and differences in letter orientation. 
- Compare samples of neat and untidy handwriting.

- How does being unable to read other people's work make you feel?  - Why should you ensure your written work is easy to read?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 44 
- Writing samples 
- Pencils and pens 
- Handwriting guides 
- Practice sheets

- Handwriting samples  - Observation  - Peer assessment  - Letter formation exercises

Writing

Handwriting: Legibility and Neatness

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Distinguish between tidy and untidy pieces of writing. 
- Identify the factors that contribute to legible handwriting. 
- Value neat and legible handwriting.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use appropriate writing instruments (pencil first and then a pen). 
- Print lower and upper case letters neatly and legibly. 
- Pay attention to consistent letter size and height, direction of strokes such as dots, tails, crossbars, curves and differences in letter orientation. 
- Compare samples of neat and untidy handwriting.

- How does being unable to read other people's work make you feel?  - Why should you ensure your written work is easy to read?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 44 
- Writing samples 
- Pencils and pens 
- Handwriting guides 
- Practice sheets

- Handwriting samples  - Observation  - Peer assessment  - Letter formation exercises

Writing

Handwriting: Legibility and Neatness

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Write legibly and neatly in print script for clarity of communication. 
- Apply accurate and consistent spelling in print script for writing fluency. 
- Adopt the use of accurate and consistent spelling in a variety of print scripts for effective communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write silent letters in words and phrases such as 'please listen', 'I beg your pardon', 'may I borrow your watch'. 
- Look up for words and find the correct spelling from a digital device with peers. 
- Consistently use the correct spelling of words with blends and double consonants. 
- Write neatly and legibly in all written work.

- How can we improve our handwriting?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 46 
- Digital devices 
- Dictionaries 
- Practice sheets 
- Word lists with silent letters

- Handwriting samples  - Spelling tests  - Silent letter identification  - Digital word look-up

ACCIDENTS: FIRST AID

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Word Stress

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Pronounce words related to the theme using the correct stress for effective communication. 
- Identify words with sounds /ɒ/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ and consonant clusters 'sn' 'tr' 'st'. 
- Articulate sounds accurately.

The learner is guided to: 
- Listen to and recite short rhythmic poems. 
- Say tongue twisters to practise the sounds /ɒ/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ and the consonant clusters 'sn' 'tr' 'st' collaboratively. 
- Identify words containing the target sounds and consonant clusters. 
- Say words related to the theme using the correct stress with peers.

- Why should we learn new words?  - How can we say sounds and words correctly?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 48 
- Audio recordings 
- Tongue twisters 
- Word cards 
- Digital devices

- Observation  - Oral exercises  - Pronunciation assessment  - Group activities

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Word Stress

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use vocabulary related to the theme in a variety of contexts for speech clarity. 
- Promote the use of stress in a variety of contexts for communication. 
- Value correct pronunciation for effective communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Construct sentences with words whose meaning may be distinguished through word stress. 
- Construct sentences using vocabulary related to the theme collaboratively. 
- Listen to the correct pronunciation of words whose meaning is contrasted by stress from audio or phone recordings. 
- Record themselves practising word stress and present the recording to the whole class.

- Why is correct word stress important in English?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 51 
- Recording devices 
- Word cards 
- Audio equipment 
- Flash cards

- Recording assessment  - Sentence construction  - Stress identification  - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading: Visuals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read visuals in print and digital formats for information. 
- Interpret visual texts such as pictures and photographs. 
- Value visual literacy in daily life.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read age-appropriate digital texts in different formats such as audio, video and animated stories. 
- View cartoons, mimes, pictures, photographs, comics collaboratively. 
- Work together to interpret visuals and discuss their meaning. 
- Predict happenings in cartoons or comics and write down their thoughts.

- Why is it important to interpret visuals correctly?  - How do visuals like photos and videos enhance our understanding of a text?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 53 
- Pictures 
- Photographs 
- Comics 
- Digital texts 
- Videos

- Visual interpretation  - Prediction exercises  - Group discussions  - Written responses

Reading

Intensive Reading: Visuals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read visuals in print and digital formats for information. 
- Interpret visual texts such as pictures and photographs. 
- Value visual literacy in daily life.

The learner is guided to: 
- Read age-appropriate digital texts in different formats such as audio, video and animated stories. 
- View cartoons, mimes, pictures, photographs, comics collaboratively. 
- Work together to interpret visuals and discuss their meaning. 
- Predict happenings in cartoons or comics and write down their thoughts.

- Why is it important to interpret visuals correctly?  - How do visuals like photos and videos enhance our understanding of a text?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 53 
- Pictures 
- Photographs 
- Comics 
- Digital texts 
- Videos

- Visual interpretation  - Prediction exercises  - Group discussions  - Written responses

Reading

Intensive Reading: Visuals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Interpret visual media appropriately for comprehension. 
- Read and interpret maps for direction. 
- Acknowledge the importance of visual media for lifelong learning.

The learner is guided to: 
- Conduct virtual tours on Google Maps and find the direction of various places on the map. 
- Use Google Maps, digital maps and printed maps to give directions. 
- Locate information from a simple map and make short sentences using terms like north, south, east and west. 
- Create their own maps of the school or community.

- What information do we obtain from visual media such as maps?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 56 
- Google Maps 
- Digital devices 
- Printed maps 
- Drawing materials

- Map interpretation  - Direction-giving exercises  - Map creation  - Oral presentations

Reading

Intensive Reading: Visuals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Interpret visual media appropriately for comprehension. 
- Read and interpret maps for direction. 
- Acknowledge the importance of visual media for lifelong learning.

The learner is guided to: 
- Conduct virtual tours on Google Maps and find the direction of various places on the map. 
- Use Google Maps, digital maps and printed maps to give directions. 
- Locate information from a simple map and make short sentences using terms like north, south, east and west. 
- Create their own maps of the school or community.

- What information do we obtain from visual media such as maps?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 56 
- Google Maps 
- Digital devices 
- Printed maps 
- Drawing materials

- Map interpretation  - Direction-giving exercises  - Map creation  - Oral presentations

Grammar in Use

Pronouns: Personal and Possessive Pronouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify personal and possessive pronouns used as subjects and objects for communication. 
- Recognize the function of pronouns in sentences. 
- Value correct pronoun usage.

The learner is guided to: 
- Identify personal and possessive pronouns used as subjects and objects in sentences with peers. 
- Discuss pictures on the theme using personal and possessive pronouns collaboratively. 
- Construct sentences about the theme using personal and possessive pronouns as subjects and objects. 
- Create a chart showing the different types of pronouns.

- Which words replace names of people or things in sentences?  - Which words do we use to show that something belongs to us?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 58 
- Charts 
- Pictures 
- Flash cards 
- Digital devices

- Pronoun identification  - Sentence construction  - Chart creation  - Group discussions

Grammar in Use

Pronouns: Personal and Possessive Pronouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use personal and possessive pronouns correctly as subject and object for self-expression. 
- Adopt the use of personal and possessive pronouns in communication. 
- Value correct grammar usage in daily communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Create a list of sentences containing pronouns, and key them in on a digital device; share with friends via email, or printed pages. 
- Watch a video game where personal and possessive pronouns have been used. 
- Read a newspaper, magazine or poem; identify personal and possessive pronouns and type them on a word processor, mobile device or tablet.

- How do pronouns make our communication clearer and more efficient?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 60 
- Digital devices 
- Newspapers 
- Magazines 
- Video games 
- Poems

- Digital typing activities  - Pronoun identification  - Video comprehension  - Written exercises

Writing

Guided Composition: Friendly Letter/SMS

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify the key parts of a friendly letter in preparation for writing. 
- Understand the format and purpose of friendly letters. 
- Value written communication for maintaining relationships.

The learner is guided to: 
- Discuss how to write an SMS and the correct format of a friendly letter with peers (address, date, salutation, ending, etc.) 
- Identify the parts of a friendly letter from samples. 
- Examine different types of letters. 
- Discuss why we write letters and send SMS messages.

- Why do you pass information to others?  - How do you pass information to your friends?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 62 
- Sample letters 
- Mobile phones 
- Letter format charts 
- Digital devices

- Letter part identification  - Format recognition  - Group discussions  - Oral presentations

Writing

Guided Composition: Friendly Letter/SMS

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Identify the key parts of a friendly letter in preparation for writing. 
- Understand the format and purpose of friendly letters. 
- Value written communication for maintaining relationships.

The learner is guided to: 
- Discuss how to write an SMS and the correct format of a friendly letter with peers (address, date, salutation, ending, etc.) 
- Identify the parts of a friendly letter from samples. 
- Examine different types of letters. 
- Discuss why we write letters and send SMS messages.

- Why do you pass information to others?  - How do you pass information to your friends?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 62 
- Sample letters 
- Mobile phones 
- Letter format charts 
- Digital devices

- Letter part identification  - Format recognition  - Group discussions  - Oral presentations

Writing

Guided Composition: Friendly Letter/SMS

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Write a friendly letter using the correct format for effective communication. 
- Send an SMS correctly for effective communication. 
- Promote the use of friendly letters and SMS in a variety of communication contexts.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write friendly letters using the correct format - such as letters to siblings, parents and friends. 
- Practise writing friendly letters and SMS with peers. 
- Use mobile phones to write friendly letters and SMS to one another on the given theme. 
- Create a friendly letter about a first aid situation they experienced or witnessed.

- What kind of information do you give to your friends?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 64 
- Writing materials 
- Mobile phones 
- Sample letters 
- Sample SMS messages

- Letter writing exercises  - SMS composition  - Format adherence  - Peer assessment

NUTRITION: BALANCED DIET

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension/ Pattern (noun phrase + would like to be...)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Listen actively to a variety of texts to gain information. 
- Identify sounds /ʊ/ /uː/ /æ/ /f/ /v/ in words. 
- Recognize the language pattern "noun phrase + would like to be...".

The learner is guided to: 
- Listen to audio-visual recordings of songs, stories and passages featuring the sounds /ʊ/ /uː/ /æ/ /f/ /v/. 
- Respond to questions from listening comprehension. 
- Construct sentences related to a story or listening comprehension using the language pattern (noun phrase + would like to be...). 
- Retell a story they have listened to accurately.

- Why should we listen carefully?  - How can we improve our pronunciation?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 66 
- Audio recordings 
- Stories 
- Songs 
- Digital devices

- Listening comprehension  - Sound identification  - Sentence construction  - Story retelling

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension/ Pattern (noun phrase + would like to be...)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply vocabulary related to the theme in a variety of contexts for effective communication. 
- Use the language pattern correctly for effective oral communication. 
- Promote listening to a variety of texts for information and enjoyment.

The learner is guided to: 
- Respond correctly to questions based on the text. 
- Dramatise sections of a story in groups for comprehension. 
- Discuss with peers the lesson learnt from a story. 
- Make sentences using the pattern "noun phrase + would like to be...".

- How does the pattern "would like to be" help us express our wishes?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 68 
- Story texts 
- Drama props 
- Digital devices 
- Pattern charts

- Drama performance  - Pattern usage  - Group discussions  - Oral questioning

Listening and Speaking

Pronunciation and Vocabulary: Listening Comprehension/ Pattern (noun phrase + would like to be...)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Apply vocabulary related to the theme in a variety of contexts for effective communication. 
- Use the language pattern correctly for effective oral communication. 
- Promote listening to a variety of texts for information and enjoyment.

The learner is guided to: 
- Respond correctly to questions based on the text. 
- Dramatise sections of a story in groups for comprehension. 
- Discuss with peers the lesson learnt from a story. 
- Make sentences using the pattern "noun phrase + would like to be...".

- How does the pattern "would like to be" help us express our wishes?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 68 
- Story texts 
- Drama props 
- Digital devices 
- Pattern charts

- Drama performance  - Pattern usage  - Group discussions  - Oral questioning

Reading

Extensive Reading: Independent Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Select appropriate reading materials for lifelong learning. 
- Develop strategies for choosing suitable reading materials. 
- Value reading for personal growth.

The learner is guided to: 
- Select age-appropriate and high-interest reading materials such as narratives, poems, newspapers and magazines in print or electronic format. 
- Set up an after-school club where they meet on a regular basis and read varied texts. 
- Retell the stories they have read collaboratively. 
- Share opinions and reflections on the texts they have read.

- Why should we read widely?  - What materials do you enjoy reading?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 69 
- Story books 
- Newspapers 
- Magazines 
- Digital texts 
- Reading club guidelines

- Book selection  - Reading log  - Story retelling  - Group discussions

Reading

Extensive Reading: Independent Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read a variety of familiar materials independently to build reading speed and fluency. 
- Apply appropriate strategies to read independently for information and enjoyment. 
- Realise the importance of independent reading in lifelong learning.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use materials in the classroom to read extensively. 
- Read texts quietly or silently for pleasure. 
- Share what they have learned from their independent reading. 
- Create a reading wall in the classroom to share book recommendations.

- How can we become better independent readers?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 71 
- Classroom library 
- Reading corner 
- Digital devices 
- Reading logs

- Reading fluency  - Book discussions  - Reading wall contributions  - Self-assessment

Reading

Extensive Reading: Independent Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Read a variety of familiar materials independently to build reading speed and fluency. 
- Apply appropriate strategies to read independently for information and enjoyment. 
- Realise the importance of independent reading in lifelong learning.

The learner is guided to: 
- Use materials in the classroom to read extensively. 
- Read texts quietly or silently for pleasure. 
- Share what they have learned from their independent reading. 
- Create a reading wall in the classroom to share book recommendations.

- How can we become better independent readers?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 71 
- Classroom library 
- Reading corner 
- Digital devices 
- Reading logs

- Reading fluency  - Book discussions  - Reading wall contributions  - Self-assessment

Grammar in Use

Word Class: Regular and Irregular Adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Describe items using comparative forms of both regular and irregular adjectives for effective communication. 
- Identify regular and irregular adjectives in texts. 
- Value correct adjective usage in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Identify adjectives from an audio or written text. 
- Collaboratively talk about various items in the classroom using adjectives. 
- Describe items using the comparative forms of regular and irregular adjectives with peers. 
- Use adjectives in the correct order in sentences collaboratively.

- Why should we say the correct shape and size of things?  - Which are some of the words you use to talk about how someone feels or looks?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 72 
- Charts 
- Audio texts 
- Flash cards 
- Classroom items

- Adjective identification  - Comparative form usage  - Sentence construction  - Group activities

Grammar in Use

Word Class: Regular and Irregular Adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Use adjectives of size and shape in the right order for clarity of communication. 
- Adopt the use of adjectives for effective communication. 
- Value descriptive language in communication.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write correct sentences using comparative forms of adjectives in the right order. 
- Write sentences on tablets, computers and other digital resources using adjectives. 
- Use adjectives to talk about scenes, pictures or comics based on the themes with peers. 
- Create a chart showing comparative and superlative forms of common adjectives.

- How do we describe things?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 74 
- Digital devices 
- Pictures 
- Comics 
- Adjective charts

- Digital typing  - Sentence construction  - Chart creation  - Picture description

Writing

Creative Writing: Narrative Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Describe the parts of a narrative composition in preparation for writing. 
- Identify the structure of a narrative composition. 
- Value planning in composition writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Plan a composition with peers, write a draft and present it to the whole class. 
- Use similes to make their compositions interesting. 
- Create their own similes and use them in their composition. 
- Identify and discuss parts of a narrative composition (introduction, conflict, resolution, conclusion).

- Why do you enjoy listening to stories?  - Why is it important to plan our composition?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 76 
- Sample compositions 
- Planning templates 
- Digital devices 
- Story books

- Composition planning  - Simile creation  - Draft writing  - Peer assessment

Writing

Creative Writing: Narrative Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Describe the parts of a narrative composition in preparation for writing. 
- Identify the structure of a narrative composition. 
- Value planning in composition writing.

The learner is guided to: 
- Plan a composition with peers, write a draft and present it to the whole class. 
- Use similes to make their compositions interesting. 
- Create their own similes and use them in their composition. 
- Identify and discuss parts of a narrative composition (introduction, conflict, resolution, conclusion).

- Why do you enjoy listening to stories?  - Why is it important to plan our composition?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 76 
- Sample compositions 
- Planning templates 
- Digital devices 
- Story books

- Composition planning  - Simile creation  - Draft writing  - Peer assessment

Writing

Creative Writing: Narrative Compositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 
- Organise thoughts fluently, clearly and precisely in a coherent paragraph for self-expression. 
- Create a narrative composition of about 60-80 words for self-expression. 
- Realise the role of creativity in writing for different purposes.

The learner is guided to: 
- Write a narrative composition of about 60-80 words and incorporate similes. 
- Rearrange jumbled up sentences from an oral narrative into coherent paragraphs. 
- Listen to a narrative on radio or television and rewrite it in their own words. 
- Watch and dramatise a story related to the theme. 
- Visit a supermarket, food store or grocery store in the school neighbourhood and write a narrative composition based on that experience.

- How can you write an interesting composition?

MORAN Skills in English Grade 4 pg. 78 
- Radio 
- Television 
- Digital devices 
- Field trip 
- Jumbled sentences

- Completed compositions  - Paragraph arrangement  - Story dramatization  - Field trip report