Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety on Raised Platforms - Types of raised platforms used in performing tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of raised platforms used in the workplace
- Explain how raised platforms help in performing tasks
- Appreciate the importance of raised platforms in performing tasks

- Walk around the school to explore types of raised platforms (ladders, trestles, steps, stands, workbenches, ramps)
- Brainstorm on the types of raised platforms used in day-to-day life
- Discuss how different types of raised platforms are used in different environments

What can you use to reach for items located at a height such as the top shelf or the roof?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 1
- Different raised platforms
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 3
- Pictures of people using raised platforms

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety on Raised Platforms - Risks associated with working on raised platforms
Safety on Raised Platforms - Safety practices when working on raised platforms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify risks associated with working on raised platforms
- Analyze causes of accidents when using raised platforms
- Show concern for safety when working on raised platforms

- Study pictures showing accidents that may occur while using raised platforms
- Discuss possible causes of the accidents shown in the pictures
- Use internet-connected digital device or print media to search for information on risks associated with working on raised platforms
- Watch videos on risks associated with working on raised platforms

What are the risks associated with working on raised platforms?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 5
- Pictures showing accidents on raised platforms
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Posters showing safety measures
- Safety equipment

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety on Raised Platforms - Safety practices when working on raised platforms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate safety practices when working on raised platforms
- Apply appropriate safety measures for specific raised platforms
- Value the importance of observing safety measures when working on raised platforms

- Select a work environment, task to perform and a raised platform to use while working
- Create a skit to demonstrate the safety practices to observe while using a raised platform to perform a task
- Role play the skits in class
- Observe and note down safety practices demonstrated by each group

What safety practices should be observed when using raised platforms?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 8
- Personal Protective Equipment
- Various types of raised platforms
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 9
- Video clips on safety practices

- Observation - Peer assessment - Role play assessment - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety on Raised Platforms - Importance of observing safety while working on raised platforms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the consequences of failing to observe safety while working on raised platforms
- Analyze the effects of unsafe practices on individuals and the environment
- Appreciate the need for observing safety while working on raised platforms

- Study pictures showing consequences of failure to minimize risk while using raised platforms
- Discuss the consequences of failing to observe safety while working on raised platforms
- Analyze how failing to observe safety affects people directly or indirectly
- Search for information on the importance of observing safety while working on raised platforms

Why is it important to observe safety while working on raised platforms?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 10
- Pictures showing accidents on raised platforms
- Case studies
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 11
- Word search puzzles
- Poster making materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Class discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ways of nurturing talents and abilities for business purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways of nurturing talents and abilities
- Explain how various ways can be used for business purposes
- Appreciate the importance of nurturing talents and abilities

- Read and discuss ways the school and community can employ to nurture talents and abilities of youths
- Explain the ways of nurturing talents and abilities as discussed by learners
- Discuss how the ways mentioned can be used for business purposes
- Share talents and abilities in groups and ways of nurturing them

How are talents and abilities nurtured?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 24
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ways of nurturing talents and abilities for business purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate talents and abilities through various activities
- Practice nurturing personal talents and abilities
- Value own talents and abilities for self-development

- Identify personal talents and abilities
- Practice talents and abilities with help of classmates, parents or guardians
- Display talents and abilities through clubs and societies or during planned school events
- Participate in talent shows and competitions

Why is self-exploration necessary for career development?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 26
- Talent show materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Performance assessment - Peer assessment - Self-assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Career pathways in senior school

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various career pathways offered in senior school
- Describe each career pathway in senior school
- Show interest in different career pathways

- Use available print or digital resources to search for information on various career pathways offered in senior school in Kenya
- List the career pathways identified
- Discuss each career pathway
- Study pictures of learners demonstrating talents and abilities
- Identify talents or abilities shown and mention likely career pathway

What career pathways are available in senior school?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 26
- Pictures showing talents and abilities
- Digital resources
- Resource person

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Career pathways in senior school

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate talents and abilities to career pathways in senior school
- Create a list of talents and abilities corresponding to career pathways
- Value the importance of matching talents to career pathways

- Study a list of talents and abilities related to Arts and Sports Science pathway
- Add more talents and abilities to the list
- Make lists of talents and abilities corresponding to Social Sciences and STEM pathways
- Display and compare lists with classmates

How do talents and abilities relate to career pathways?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 27
- Digital resources
- Career pathway charts

- Observation - Written assignments - Peer assessment - Class presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities
- Differentiate between ethical and unethical practices
- Appreciate the importance of ethical practices in using talents and abilities

- Read case studies on ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities
- Analyze the case studies and identify unethical practices described
- Discuss the ethical practices demonstrated in the case studies
- Discuss other ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities

Which ethical issues influence the use of talents and abilities?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 30
- Case studies
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Careers based on talents and abilities for self-development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify careers based on talents and abilities
- Choose a career based on personal talents and abilities
- Value the importance of selecting careers based on talents and abilities

- Read about Grade 9 learners' career choices based on their talents and abilities
- Discuss the career choices made by learners based on their talents and abilities
- Discuss steps to follow when choosing a career
- Choose a career based on personal talent and ability
- Justify career choices

How can you choose a career path that matches your skills and interests?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 32
- Career choice steps chart
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Categories of computer software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer software
- Identify different computer software used in the workplace
- Show interest in learning about computer software

- Brainstorm on the meaning of computer software
- Use available resources to search for different computer software
- Present findings to the class
- Discuss categories of computer software (system software, application software)

What is computer software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Charts showing different software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Categories of computer software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify categories of computer software
- Classify different software into their appropriate categories
- Appreciate the role of different categories of software

- Discuss the categories of computer software (system software, application software)
- Use digital resources to explore examples of system software and application software
- Create a chart showing the categories of computer software and examples
- Present the chart to the class

How are computer software categorized?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Chart making materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Chart assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different application software used in the workplace
- Explain the functions of word processing software
- Show interest in learning about application software

- Brainstorm on the functions of different application software
- Discuss the functions of word processing software
- Demonstrate the use of word processing software
- Explore features of word processing software

What are the functions of word processing software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with word processing software
- Charts showing functions of word processing software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different application software used in the workplace
- Explain the functions of word processing software
- Show interest in learning about application software

- Brainstorm on the functions of different application software
- Discuss the functions of word processing software
- Demonstrate the use of word processing software
- Explore features of word processing software

What are the functions of word processing software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with word processing software
- Charts showing functions of word processing software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of presentation software
- Use presentation software to create slides
- Value the importance of presentation software in the workplace

- Discuss the functions of presentation software
- Demonstrate the use of presentation software
- Create simple presentations using presentation software
- Present the created slides to the class

What are the functions of presentation software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with presentation software
- Charts showing functions of presentation software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of spreadsheet software
- Use spreadsheet software to perform calculations
- Appreciate the importance of spreadsheet software in data management

- Discuss the functions of spreadsheet software
- Demonstrate the use of spreadsheet software
- Create simple spreadsheets and perform basic calculations
- Share findings with the class

What are the functions of spreadsheet software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with spreadsheet software
- Charts showing functions of spreadsheet software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of database software
- Create simple databases using database software
- Show interest in learning about database management

- Discuss the functions of database software
- Demonstrate the use of database software
- Create simple databases
- Perform basic database queries
- Share findings with the class

What are the functions of database software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with database software
- Charts showing functions of database software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of desktop publishing software
- Create publications using desktop publishing software
- Value the importance of desktop publishing in the workplace

- Discuss the functions of desktop publishing software
- Demonstrate the use of desktop publishing software
- Create simple publications using desktop publishing software
- Present the created publications to the class

What are the functions of desktop publishing software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with desktop publishing software
- Sample publications
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of information management systems
- Demonstrate basic operations with information management systems
- Appreciate the role of information management systems in organizations

- Discuss the functions of information management systems
- Explore examples of information management systems
- Discuss how information management systems are used in various workplaces
- Share findings with the class

How are information management systems used in the workplace?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Charts showing information management systems
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use word processing software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of word processing software
- Value the importance of word processing software in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using word processing software (creating documents, formatting text, inserting images)
- Practice creating and editing documents
- Save and retrieve documents
- Print documents where possible

How is word processing software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with word processing software
- Printers (where available)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Portfolio assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use presentation software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of presentation software
- Appreciate the importance of presentation software in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using presentation software (creating slides, adding animations, inserting images)
- Practice creating presentations
- Present the created slides to the class
- Give and receive feedback on presentations

How is presentation software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with presentation software
- Projector (where available)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use spreadsheet software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of spreadsheet software
- Show interest in using spreadsheet software for data management

- Perform tasks using spreadsheet software (creating worksheets, entering data, performing calculations, creating charts)
- Practice creating spreadsheets
- Analyze data using spreadsheets
- Share findings with the class

How is spreadsheet software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with spreadsheet software
- Sample data for analysis
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Portfolio assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use desktop publishing software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of desktop publishing software
- Appreciate the importance of desktop publishing in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using desktop publishing software (creating newsletters, brochures, posters)
- Practice creating publications
- Display the created publications
- Give and receive feedback on publications

How is desktop publishing software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with desktop publishing software
- Sample publications
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Peer assessment

Communication

Oblique Projection - Characteristics of oblique drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of oblique projection
- Identify characteristics of oblique drawings
- Show interest in learning about oblique projection

- Use available print or digital media to search for information on the meaning of oblique projection
- Find examples of oblique drawings
- Identify characteristics of oblique drawings
- Share findings with the class

How are oblique drawings used in technical fields?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 35
- Digital resources
- Sample oblique drawings
- Reference materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 36
- Charts showing characteristics of oblique drawings

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Communication

Oblique Projection - Sketching given drawings in oblique projection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the steps for sketching in oblique projection
- Sketch simple objects in oblique projection
- Show interest in sketching drawings in oblique projection

- Understand the steps for drawing in oblique projection
- Follow the steps to sketch a cube in oblique projection using squared paper
- Compare work with classmates
- Practice sketching without using squared paper

What steps are followed when sketching in oblique projection?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 37
- Squared paper
- Pencils
- Sample oblique drawings
- Drawing instruments

- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Oblique Projection - Sketching given drawings in oblique projection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow the correct procedure for sketching in oblique projection
- Sketch various shapes in oblique projection
- Value accuracy in sketching oblique drawings

- Follow steps given to sketch drawings in oblique projection using squared paper
- Sketch drawings of various objects in oblique projection
- Compare work with classmates
- Practice sketching complex objects

How is proportionality maintained when sketching in oblique projection?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 38
- Squared paper
- Pencils
- Sample oblique drawings
- Drawing instruments
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 39
- Plain paper

- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Oblique Projection - Drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain what shaped blocks are
- Identify steps for drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection
- Show interest in drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection

- Discuss what shaped blocks are
- Study drawings of shaped blocks in oblique projection
- Discuss the steps followed when drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection
- Share findings with the class

How are shaped blocks drawn in oblique projection?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 40
- Sample drawings of shaped blocks
- Drawing instruments
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 41
- Drawing paper
- Set squares
- Rulers
- Pencils

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication

Oblique Projection - Drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw complex shapes in oblique projection
- Apply appropriate drawing techniques for oblique projection
- Show commitment to maintaining accuracy in oblique drawing

- Draw a complex shaped block in oblique projection following given steps
- Determine maximum dimensions of the drawing
- Use appropriate drawing instruments to create the drawing
- Include accurate dimensions on the drawing
- Present work to class

How are complex shapes drawn in oblique projection?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 43
- Drawing paper
- Set squares
- Rulers
- Compasses
- Pencils
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 45

- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Oblique Projection - Applications of oblique projection in technical communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify applications of oblique projection in technical fields
- Explain how oblique projection aids in technical communication
- Value the importance of oblique projection in technical fields

- Study pictures of technical drawings made in oblique projection
- Discuss how oblique drawings are used in technical fields such as carpentry
- Explore how oblique drawings can be used for technical communication
- Share findings with the class

How is oblique projection applied in technical communication?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 47
- Sample oblique drawings used in technical fields
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication

Oblique Projection - Applications of oblique projection in technical communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the benefits of using oblique projection in technical communication
- Apply oblique projection to communicate technical ideas
- Appreciate the role of oblique projection in various industries

- Discuss the advantages of using oblique projection for technical communication
- Explore industries that use oblique projection
- Create oblique drawings to communicate technical ideas
- Present work to class

What are the advantages of using oblique projection for technical communication?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 49
- Sample oblique drawings from industries
- Drawing instruments
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Group presentations

Communication

Oblique Projection - Applications of oblique projection in technical communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create complex technical illustrations using oblique projection
- Apply oblique projection principles in real-world contexts
- Value the role of oblique projection in design and manufacturing

- Sketch or draw various objects in oblique projection
- Create technical illustrations using oblique projection
- Discuss how these illustrations can be used in real-world applications
- Present and discuss work with class

How is oblique projection used in design and manufacturing?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 49
- Drawing instruments
- Sample technical illustrations
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Project assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of wood available in the environment
- Classify wood according to physical characteristics
- Appreciate the variety of wood types in the local environment

- Use print or digital resources to search for information on types of wood available
- Observe and identify trees in the environment
- Sort wood as either softwood or hardwood using a checklist

Which kind of trees do you have in your community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Digital devices
- Charts showing wood types

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics
Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the physical properties of hardwood and softwood
- Identify examples of hardwood and softwood
- Show interest in wood varieties and their properties

- Take a walk around the school compound or community to identify trees
- Observe the physical characteristics of each tree
- Group wood types based on their characteristics
- Create a comparison chart of hardwood and softwood properties

What are the physical differences between hardwood and softwood?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Sample trees in the environment
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing conversion methods

- Observation - Checklist - Portfolio assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items
Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of wood seasoning
- Describe methods of wood seasoning
- Appreciate the importance of proper wood seasoning

- Observe and discuss images showing different ways of preparing wood using the seasoning method
- Use print or digital resources to find information about natural and artificial seasoning
- Discuss how reducing moisture from wood helps improve it for use

How does seasoning improve wood quality?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
- Pictures showing wood seasoning methods
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
- Pictures of wooden items
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community
Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe uses of wood in various trades
- Explain applications of different wood types in trades
- Value the versatility of wood in various trades

- Use available print reference materials and digital resources to find out how wood is used in different trades
- Visit various places in the community to observe how wood is used
- Create charts showing uses of wood in various trades

How is wood utilized in different trades?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 77
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
- Charts
- Local wood products
- Digital resources

- Observation - Community visit reports - Charts assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life
Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss environmental aspects of wood use
- Solve a crossword puzzle on wood concepts
- Show responsibility towards sustainable wood use

- Discuss the importance of wood conservation
- Complete a crossword puzzle on wood concepts
- Reflect on learning about wood through self-assessment

How can we ensure sustainable use of wood resources?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Crossword puzzles
- Self-reflection forms
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 93
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Crossword puzzle - Self-assessment - Written tests

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize different types of waste materials
- Identify areas where specific waste materials are found
- Appreciate the need to understand waste materials

- Study pictures of waste materials in the environment
- Identify waste materials shown in each picture
- Mention areas where specific waste materials are likely to be found
- Discuss different types of waste materials

How can we categorize waste materials found in our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
- Pictures of waste materials
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to safely handle waste materials
- Describe methods of waste handling shown in pictures
- Show responsibility towards safe waste handling

- Study pictures showing ways of handling waste materials
- Describe how different waste materials are handled in each picture
- Discuss other ways in which waste can be safely handled

How can different types of waste materials be safely handled?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 96
- Pictures of waste handling methods
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify appropriate waste disposal methods
- Demonstrate proper waste disposal techniques
- Show responsibility in waste disposal

- Collect waste materials around the school compound
- Sort waste materials by type
- Place waste in appropriate garbage containers
- Practice proper waste disposal as guided by the teacher

How should different types of waste be disposed of?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
- Personal protective equipment
- Garbage bags or containers
- Dustbins

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of proper waste handling
- Describe the impact of waste on the environment
- Value the importance of proper waste management

- Take a walk in the locality to observe how businesses handle waste
- Find out from local people why proper waste handling is important
- Write findings in exercise books
- Present findings in class

Why is proper waste handling important for our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
- Local community resources
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Field notes - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- List types of waste materials in the environment
- Suggest ways of handling different waste types
- Show responsibility towards waste management

- Discuss the importance of proper waste handling and disposal
- List types of waste materials found in the environment
- Suggest ways of safely handling each waste type
- Role play scenarios of waste management

How does proper waste management benefit the community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Pictures showing proper waste handling

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Role play assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve problems related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection on waste management
- Show responsibility towards environmental conservation

- Work on problem-solving exercises related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection form on waste materials learning
- Discuss environmental conservation strategies

How can we apply what we've learned about waste management in our daily lives?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
- Self-reflection forms
- Problem-solving exercises
- Digital resources

- Problem-solving questions - Self-assessment - Written tests