LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Reproduction and Reproductive System

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define reproduction and sexual reproduction. Explain the process of fertilization. Describe the role of gametes in reproduction. Define terms related to reproduction.

Discussion on reproduction importance. Exposition of fertilization process. Definition of terms like hatcheries, broodiness, incubation. Question and answer session.

Charts showing fertilization process. Student textbooks. Diagrams of reproductive cells.

KLB BK III Pg 1

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Male Reproductive System (Bull)
Female Reproductive System (Cow)
Pregnancy, Parturition and Birth
Reproductive System in Poultry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of bull's reproductive system. Draw and label the reproductive system of a bull. Describe functions of each part. Explain sperm production and storage.
Define gestation period. Identify signs of parturition in cattle. Describe proper presentation at birth. State gestation periods for different animals.

Drawing and labeling bull's reproductive system. Discussion on organ functions. Demonstration using charts. Brief discussion on system functions.
Probing questions on pregnancy. Discussion on parturition signs. Drawing normal vs breech presentations. Exposition of birth process.

Charts of bull reproductive system. Colored pencils for drawing. Real specimens if available. Textbooks.
Charts of cow reproductive system. Models if available. Drawing materials. Hormone function charts.
Gestation period charts. Pictures of animals at birth. Drawing materials. Chart showing proper presentation.
Charts of hen's reproductive system. Real eggs for dissection. Drawing materials. Magnifying glasses.

KLB BK III Pgs 2-3
KLB BK III Pgs 5-6

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding Stock Selection
Methods of Selecting Breeding Stock
Breeding and Reasons for Breeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors considered when selecting breeding stock. Define selection and breeding stock. Explain the importance of performance records. Discuss age and physical fitness requirements.

Probing questions on selection factors. Discussion on breeding stock importance. Exposition of selection criteria. Group work on selection factors.

Pictures of different animal breeds. Breeding record books. Charts on selection criteria. Video clips of livestock.
Selection records. Breeding program examples. Charts showing selection methods. Textbook references.
Pictures of improved breeds. Breeding success stories. Charts on genetic improvement. Local breed examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 9-10

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding Systems - Inbreeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for inbreeding. State advantages and disadvantages of inbreeding. Define close breeding and line breeding. Explain when to use inbreeding.

Exposition of inbreeding concepts. Brief discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Discussion on types of inbreeding. Case studies of inbreeding programs.

Pedigree charts. Inbreeding examples. Family tree diagrams. Breeding outcome examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 17-18

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding Systems - Outbreeding
Signs of Heat in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for outbreeding. State advantages and disadvantages of outbreeding. Explain outcrossing, crossbreeding and upgrading. Compare breeding systems.
Identify signs of heat in cattle, pigs and rabbits. Explain heat detection methods. Discuss optimal timing for mating. Compare heat periods in different species.

Exposition of outbreeding concepts. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on types of outbreeding. Examples of upgrading programs.
Brainstorming on heat signs. Brief discussion on species differences. Video observation of animals in heat. Discussion with questioning.

Breed comparison charts. Crossbreeding examples. Upgrading demonstration materials. Comparison charts.
Video clips of animals showing heat signs. Heat detection charts. Species comparison charts. Observation worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 18-19
KLB BK III Pgs 19-20

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination
Embryo Transplant

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of natural mating. State advantages and disadvantages of artificial insemination. Compare natural mating with AI. Describe AI process.

Discussion on natural mating benefits and limitations. Brief discussion on AI advantages. Discussion with questioning on AI process. Demonstration using models and charts.

Pictures of breeding males. AI equipment models. Comparison charts. Artificial vagina demonstration models.
Embryo transfer demonstration materials. Technology requirement charts. Cost analysis sheets. Advanced breeding technology examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 20-23

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Parturition in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of parturition in cows, sows and does. Describe normal birth process. Recognize emergency situations. Explain management during parturition.

Brainstorming on parturition signs. Brief discussion on birth management. Discussion on emergency procedures. Written exercise on parturition.

Pictures of animals about to give birth. Parturition sign identification charts. Emergency procedure charts. Management protocol worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 24-25

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Routine Livestock Rearing Practices - Feeding
Vaccination and Deworming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define flushing and steaming up. Give reasons for flushing and steaming up. Describe creep feeding of piglets, lambs, kids and kindlings. State time periods for steaming up in different animals.
State properties of good vaccines. Give examples of common vaccines. Explain reasons for deworming and docking. Describe vaccination programs and deworming procedures.

Exposition of new concepts on feeding practices. Discussion on importance of flushing. Probing questions on creep feeding. Brief discussion on feeding management.
Exposition of vaccination concepts. Discussion on vaccine properties. Brainstorming on deworming importance. Brief discussion on parasite control.

Chart showing feeding practices. Student textbooks. Feeding time tables. Pictures of young animals feeding.
Sample vaccines pictures. Sample dewormers pictures. Vaccination charts. Deworming equipment pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 27-31
KLB BK III Pgs 32-36

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Hoof Trimming and Docking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for hoof trimming. Identify tools used in hoof trimming. Explain reasons for docking. Outline methods used in docking.

Brainstorming on hoof trimming importance. Brief discussion on tools and equipment. Discussion on docking methods. Exposition of procedures.

Tools used in hoof trimming pictures. Docking equipment pictures. Charts showing procedures. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 36-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dipping, Spraying and Dusting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dipping, spraying and dusting. Identify equipment used for each method. Compare advantages of different methods. Explain proper application procedures.

Discussion with questioning on parasite control. Brief discussion on equipment types. Exposition of application methods. Question and answer session.

Cattle dip pictures. Spraying equipment pictures. Dusting equipment pictures. Parasite control charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 38-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Breeding-related Practices
Identification of Livestock - Branding and Ear Tagging
Identification Methods - Ear Notching and Tattooing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify practices related to breeding. Explain crutching and ringing procedures. Describe tupping and serving ratios. Define raddling and its importance.
Give reasons for identifying animals. Outline various methods of identification. Describe branding procedures and precautions. Explain ear tagging methods and advantages.

Exposition of breeding practices. Brief discussion on wool cutting procedures. Discussion on mating ratios. Probing questions on identification methods.
Brainstorming on identification importance. Brief discussion on branding methods. Discussion on ear tagging procedures. Question and answer session.

Breeding practice charts. Wool shears pictures. Breeding ratio tables. Raddling demonstration materials.
Branding equipment pictures. Ear tagging tools pictures. Identification charts. Before and after pictures.
Ear notching charts. Tattooing equipment pictures. Method comparison tables. Animal suitability guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 40-41
KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Debeaking, Tooth Clipping and Culling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for debeaking and tooth clipping. Describe procedures for each practice. Give reasons for culling animals. Cite basis of culling animals.

Question and answer on poultry management. Brief discussion on piglet management. Brainstorming on culling importance. Exposition of culling criteria.

Debeaking tools pictures. Tooth clipping equipment. Culling criteria charts. Good vs poor producer comparisons.

KLB BK III Pgs 45-46

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dehorning Methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dehorning. Identify methods of dehorning. Identify tools used for dehorning. Describe procedures for different methods.

Question and answer on dehorning importance. Brief discussion on safety considerations. Discussion on tool selection. Exposition of procedures.

Dehorning tools pictures. Method demonstration charts. Safety equipment pictures. Procedure step charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 47-48

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Castration and Caponisation
Management During Parturition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for castrating animals. Outline methods of castration. Describe open and closed methods. Explain caponisation process in poultry.
Outline management practices during parturition. Identify signs of farrowing in different animals. Describe drift and pen lambing. Explain preparation for kidding and calving.

Brainstorming on castration importance. Brief discussion on methods comparison. Discussion on surgical procedures. Exposition of caponisation.
Brainstorming on parturition management. Exposition of management practices. Detailed discussion on different species. Question and answer session.

Castration tools pictures. Method comparison charts. Surgical equipment pictures. Hormone treatment information.
Parturition management charts. Species-specific guides. Preparation checklists. Management protocol sheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 49-52
KLB BK III Pgs 52-56

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Keeping - Importance and Bee Colony

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of bee keeping. Identify members of a bee colony. Describe the life cycle of a bee. State factors considered when siting an apiary.

Brain storming on bee keeping benefits. Detailed discussion on bee types. Exposition of life cycle stages. Discussion on apiary location factors.

Different types of bees pictures. Life cycle charts. Apiary location guides. Bee colony structure diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 56-60

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Types of Hives and Stocking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of hives. Outline methods used to stock a hive. Describe advantages of different hive types. Explain bee stocking procedures.

Brief discussion on hive types. Discussion with questioning on stocking methods. Exposition of hive advantages. Question and answer on procedures.

Different hive types pictures. Stocking equipment pictures. Hive comparison charts. Procedure demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 60-65

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Management and Honey Harvesting
Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements
Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for feeding bees. Identify pests and diseases affecting bees. Cite reasons for swarming of bees. Describe honey harvesting process and equipment.
Outline practices for stocking, feeding and harvesting fish. Describe cropping procedures. Explain fish preservation methods. Discuss pond maintenance practices.

Discussion on bee feeding importance. Brief discussion on pest control. Exposition of swarming causes. Detailed discussion on harvesting procedures.
Brief discussion on stocking procedures. Probing questions on feeding management. Discussion on harvesting methods. Exposition of preservation techniques.

Bee feeding equipment pictures. Pest identification charts. Honey harvesting tools pictures. Processing equipment demonstrations.
Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.
Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 66-72
KLB BK III Pgs 77-80

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures
Types of Construction Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.
Identify types of construction materials. State advantages and disadvantages of different materials. Explain selection criteria for materials. Describe properties of construction materials.

Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.
Discussion on material types. Exposition of material properties. Brief discussion on selection criteria. Question and answer on material advantages.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.
Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84
KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of stones, concrete and mud blocks. Explain preparation of concrete blocks. State ratios for concrete mixture. Outline advantages of each material type.

Exposition of material preparation. Discussion on concrete ratios. Brief discussion on material properties. Demonstration using charts and samples.

Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of metals used in construction. Describe timber treatment methods. Explain chemical treatment procedures. State advantages of treated materials.

Discussion on metal types and uses. Exposition of timber treatment methods. Brief discussion on chemical treatment. Question and answer on treatment benefits.

Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Parts of a Building - Foundation
Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof
Livestock Structures - Crushes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State purpose of building foundation. Describe foundation establishment procedures. Explain factors affecting foundation depth. Identify materials used in foundation construction.
Identify parts of building walls. Describe wall construction procedures. Explain roof structure components. State functions of different roof parts.

Brain storming on foundation importance. Exposition of foundation establishment. Discussion on foundation requirements. Brief discussion on construction procedures.
Discussion on wall construction. Exposition of roof components. Brief discussion on construction techniques. Question and answer on structural functions.

Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.
Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.
Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of a plunge dip. State advantages and disadvantages of plunge dips. Describe construction materials needed. Explain maintenance requirements for dips.

Exposition of plunge dip components. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on construction materials. Question and answer on maintenance.

Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare Machakos dip with plunge dip. Describe spray race components. State advantages of spray race over dips. Explain operational requirements for spray systems.

Discussion on dip type comparison. Exposition of spray race components. Brief discussion on operational advantages. Question and answer on system requirements.

Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units
Livestock Structures - Calf Pens

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of milking shed. Describe zero grazing unit components. State structural requirements for dairy facilities. Explain maintenance needs for dairy structures.
Identify structural requirements for calf pens. Describe different calf pen designs. State factors affecting calf pen construction. Explain maintenance needs for calf housing.

Brain storming on dairy facility needs. Discussion on structural components. Exposition of maintenance requirements. Brief discussion on facility design.
Discussion on calf housing needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on design variations. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.
Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105

FARM STRUCTURES

Poultry Houses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of poultry houses. Describe structural requirements for poultry housing. State construction materials for poultry structures. Explain ventilation requirements in poultry houses.

Brain storming on poultry housing types. Discussion on structural requirements. Exposition of construction materials. Brief discussion on ventilation needs.

Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Piggery Units and Rabbitry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of piggery unit. Describe structural requirements for pig housing. Explain rabbit housing systems. State construction materials for small livestock housing.

Discussion on pig housing components. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on rabbit housing systems. Question and answer on construction materials.

Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Fish Ponds and Bee Hives
Farm Stores and Silos
Fences - Types and Construction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fish pond construction procedures. State factors considered when siting fish ponds. Identify types of bee hives. Explain construction requirements for KTBH.
State uses of fences in the farm. Identify types of fences. Compare advantages and disadvantages of different fence types. Describe fence construction procedures.

Brain storming on aquaculture structures. Discussion on fish pond construction. Exposition of bee hive types. Brief discussion on KTBH construction.
Brain storming on fence importance. Discussion on fence types. Exposition of construction procedures. Brief discussion on fence selection criteria.

Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.
Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.
Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Wire Fences and Live Fences
Green Houses and Nursery Structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of wire fences. Explain advantages and disadvantages of live fences. State maintenance requirements for different fence types. Compare wire fences with live fences.

Discussion on wire fence establishment. Exposition of live fence characteristics. Brief discussion on maintenance needs. Question and answer on fence comparison.

Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.
Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130