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SCHEME OF WORK
Social Studies
Grade 7 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN STRAND SUB-STRAND LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING EXPERIENCES KEY INQUIRY QUESTIONS LEARNING RESOURCES ASSESSMENT METHODS REFLECTION
2 1
Social Studies and Personal Development
Self-Exploration - Personal abilities and interests for holistic development
Self-Exploration - Developing personal values for a steady personality
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore personal abilities and interests for self-improvement
- Draw and fill personal abilities and interests in a table
- Value the importance of identifying personal abilities and interests
- Learners to think of their personal abilities and interests
- Draw and fill their personal abilities and interests in a table
- Write responses on how these personal abilities and interests can be exploited for holistic development
- Share findings with classmates
- Read dialogue between Grade 7 learners on personal abilities and interests for holistic development
How can personal abilities and interests influence career choices?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 2
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
2 2
Social Studies and Personal Development
Self-Exploration - Managing emotions in day-to-day life
Self-Exploration - Personal awareness in day-to-day life
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Entrepreneurial opportunities that match our personality
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Categories of entrepreneurial opportunities
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Appreciating entrepreneurial opportunities
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various emotions experienced in day-to-day life
- Demonstrate ways of managing happiness and love emotions
- Appreciate the importance of managing emotions in day-to-day life
- Learners to brainstorm on various positive emotions experienced in day-to-day life
- Discuss how to manage these emotions
- Read a summary on ways to manage happiness and love emotions in day-to-day life
- Complete a table on ways to manage happiness and love emotions
- Identify other ways to manage happiness and love emotions
How can emotions be managed effectively in day-to-day life?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 3
- Digital resources
- Chart papers
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 4
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 6
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 7
- Locally available materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 8
- Resource person
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 9
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
2 3
People, Population and Relationships
Human Origin - Traditional stories of human origin from African communities
Human Origin - Religious stories about the origin of humankind
Human Origin - Common aspects in traditional and religious stories
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify traditional stories of human origin from different African communities
- Narrate traditional stories of human origin from different African communities
- Appreciate traditional stories of human origin
- Learners to write down names they know about and the communities where the names belong
- Show deskmates what they have written and read out what their deskmates have written
- Share stories on how their communities came into existence
- Listen to traditional stories of human origin from different African communities
- Discuss the stories heard
How did human beings come to be?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 12
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 13
- Religious texts (Bible, Quran, etc.)
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 14
- Chart papers
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
2 4
People, Population and Relationships
Human Origin - Recording traditional stories of human origin
Human Origin - Effects of traditional and religious stories
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss ways of recording traditional stories about human origin
- Compose a song to acknowledge religious and traditional stories of human origin
- Value the significance of recording traditional stories about human origin
- Learners to compose songs to acknowledge religious and traditional stories of human origin
- Rehearse the song in class
- Present the song during school events
- Read a poem about human origin stories
- Identify ways people used to record traditional stories of humankind
- Discuss various ways used to record information on human origin
Why is it important to record traditional stories about human origin?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 15
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 16
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 18
- Pictures
- Observation - Oral questions - Performance assessment
3 1
People, Population and Relationships
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the location of Great Zimbabwe
- Examine factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Recognize the importance of factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Learners to use digital or print media to research on factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Match factors with correct explanation in a table
- Read statements about factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Discuss the factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Record the factors on a chart
What factors contributed to the growth of Great Zimbabwe?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 19
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 20
- Maps
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 2
People, Population and Relationships
Early Civilization - Locating ancient kingdoms on a map of Africa
Early Civilization - Contribution of ancient kingdoms to modern world
Slavery and Servitude - Forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African society
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo on a map of Africa
- Draw a map showing the location of ancient kingdoms in Africa
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of ancient kingdoms in Africa
- Learners to study a map showing ancient kingdoms in Africa
- Identify the location of ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo
- Use digital or print media to find out the location of these ancient kingdoms
- Draw a map of Africa on Manila paper or other locally available material
- Indicate the position of ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo on the map
- Color the three kingdoms using different colors
- Display the maps in the Social Studies corner
Where were the major ancient African kingdoms located?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 21
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Manila papers
- Map of Africa
- Coloring materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 22
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 25
- Observation - Project work - Oral questions
3 3
People, Population and Relationships
Slavery and Servitude - Factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade
Slavery and Servitude - Geographical extent of Indian Ocean slave trade
Slavery and Servitude - Promoting human dignity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade
- Discuss the organization of the Indian Ocean slave trade
- Exhibit empathy for various social injustices committed on Africans during the Indian Ocean slave trade
- Learners to read a dialogue between Grade 7 learners on factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade
- Identify the factors from the dialogue
- Discuss other factors that led to the development of the Indian Ocean slave trade
- Watch a video clip on factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade
- Research on the organization of the Indian Ocean Slave trade
What factors led to the development of the Indian Ocean slave trade?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 26
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Video clips
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 27
- Manila papers
- Coloring materials
- Maps
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 28
- Chart papers
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 4
People, Population and Relationships
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Locating selected African communities
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Social and economic activities
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Comparing socio-economic organisations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Locate on a map of Africa the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of the selected African communities
- Learners to draw a map of Africa and indicate the areas settled by the selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Use print or digital devices to research on the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Locate the selected African communities on a map of Africa
- Present their maps to the class
Where were the Ogiek, Zulu, and Asante communities located in Africa?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Maps
- Drawing materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 30
- Chart papers
- Observation - Project work - Oral questions
4 1
People, Population and Relationships
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Cultural practices
Origin of Money - Comparison between barter trade and currency trade
Origin of Money - Role-playing barter and currency trade
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Discuss the cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Appreciate the cultural diversity of selected African communities
- Learners to research on cultural practices of the Ogiek, Zulu and Asante communities
- Create a chart showing the cultural practices of each community
- Present their findings to the class
- Discuss the importance of preserving cultural practices
- Role play some of the cultural practices of the selected communities
Why is it important to preserve cultural practices of different communities?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 31
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
- Currency samples/images
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 32
- Props for role play
- Observation - Oral questions - Role play assessment
4 2
People, Population and Relationships
Origin of Money - Factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
Origin of Money - Impact of introduction of money in Africa
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the transformation brought by introduction of money in Africa
- Explain factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Recognize the importance of money in trade development
- Learners to study images showing factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Discuss how these factors led to introduction of money
- Read a conversation between a resource person and Grade 7 learners on factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Identify the factors from the conversation
- Research on other factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
What factors necessitated the introduction of money in Africa?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 33
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 34
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
4 3
People, Population and Relationships
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Factors determining human diversity
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Interpersonal skills
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Desirable and undesirable personality attributes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define human diversity
- Identify factors that determine human diversity in society
- Appreciate human diversity in society
- Learners to use a dictionary or reference material to find out the meaning of human diversity
- Discuss how human diversity influences relationships among people
- Study a picture and identify human diversities shown
- Research factors that determine human diversity in society
- Complete a personal journal identifying personal characteristics
How do varied personalities shape society?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 40
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Dictionary
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 41
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 42
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
4 4
People, Population and Relationships
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Benefits of healthy relationships
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Promoting inclusion and diversity
Peace and conflict resolution - Qualities of a peaceful person
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Compose a poem on the importance of healthy relationships
- Appreciate the importance of building healthy relationships
- Learners to research the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Read a placard designed by a Grade 7 learner about healthy relationships
- Read a dialogue between students discussing the importance of healthy relationships
- Compose a poem on the importance of building healthy relationships
- Inquire from parents/guardians on importance of building healthy relationships
What are the benefits of healthy relationships in a multicultural society?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 44
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 45
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 53
- Flashcards
- Observation - Oral questions - Creative writing assessment
5 1
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and conflict resolution - Factors promoting peaceful coexistence
Peace and conflict resolution - Peaceful conflict resolution process
Peace and conflict resolution - Resolving conflicts in everyday situations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Show commitment to promoting peaceful coexistence
- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Take notes from what the resource person says
- Read factors that promote peaceful coexistence written on a chalkboard
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Create a chart showing factors that promote peaceful coexistence
How can we promote peace for mutual social well-being?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 54
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 55
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 56
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
5 2
People, Population and Relationships
Community Service Learning
Peace and conflict resolution - Importance of peaceful coexistence
Peace and conflict resolution - Managing stress and emotions
Community Service Learning Project - Key terms used in community service learning
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Debate on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Appreciate the value of peaceful coexistence
- Learners to recite a poem on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Identify the importance of peaceful coexistence from the poem
- Explain other importance of peaceful coexistence in the community
- Organize a debate on the importance of peaceful coexistence
- Write points and share with classmates
Why is peaceful coexistence important in our society?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 57
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 58
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 59
- Print media
- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments
5 3
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Community Services
Community Service Learning Project - Case Study of Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Meaning of key terms in CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Importance of CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to self
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to the community
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various community services
- Explain the importance of community services
- Appreciate the role of community services in development
- Look at pictures showing community services
- Discuss what is going on in the pictures
- Identify other community services people carry out
- Write down findings
- Share findings with the rest of the class
How can community service learning contribute to community development?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 60
- Pictures showing community services
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 61-62
- Case study material
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 62-63
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Marker pens
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
5 4
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Steps of a CSL project
Community Service Learning Project - Problem identification
Community Service Learning Project - Problem solving through CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Steps of CSL
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify steps involved in carrying out a CSL project
- Explain the significance of each step in the CSL process
- Appreciate the importance of following the steps in a CSL project
- Using digital resources or print media, find out the steps involved in carrying out a CSL project
- Note down findings
- Take turns to make presentations to the rest of the class
- Create a flowchart showing the CSL project steps
What steps should be followed when conducting a CSL project?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Observation - Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments
6 1
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Identifying problems for CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Planning for a CSL project
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify problems in the community that require CSL interventions
- Categorize problems based on priority and feasibility
- Show interest in addressing community problems
- With the guidance of the teacher, take a nature walk in the immediate surrounding of the school
- Identify problems that need to be solved within the school community
- Categorize the problems based on priority and feasibility
- Select one problem for the class CSL project
How can we identify and prioritize problems for CSL projects?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Notebooks
- Reference materials
- Manila papers
- Observation - Field notes - Group discussions - Written assignments
6 2
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Designing solutions
Community Service Learning Project - Implementation planning
Community Service Learning Project - Project implementation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Design creative solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate the feasibility of different solutions
- Show creativity in developing solutions
- In groups, design at least three possible solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate each solution based on effectiveness, resources required, and sustainability
- Select the most appropriate solution
- Present the solution to the class for feedback
How can we design effective solutions for CSL projects?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- Materials needed for implementation
- Digital cameras/phones
- Notebooks
- Observation - Solution designs - Group presentations - Peer assessment
6 3
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Problem analysis
Community Service Learning Project - Outreach planning
Community Service Learning Project - Reflection and reporting
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze problems related to the CSL project
- Develop strategies to overcome implementation challenges
- Show resilience in addressing project difficulties
- Look at pictures showing different problems in the community
- Discuss the problems shown in the pictures
- Using the correct steps, write down how to solve the identified problems
- Take turns to make presentations to the rest of the class
How can we overcome challenges during CSL project implementation?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Pictures showing community problems
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Planning templates
- Report templates
- Observation - Problem analysis - Group presentations - Written assignments
6 4
Community Service Learning
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Community Service Learning Project - Key learning points
Historical Information - Sources of historical information
Historical Information - Classification of sources
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key learning points from the CSL project
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the CSL project
- Value the importance of CSL in personal and community development
- Discuss key learning points from the CSL project including:
- Importance of following steps
- Being guided by the teacher
- Consulting when unsure
- Working as a team for better results
- Reflecting on the whole exercise
- Assessing the effectiveness of the CSL through feedback
- Create a poster summarizing the learnings
How can CSL projects be improved in the future?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Pictures of historical sources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
- Print media
- Observation - Oral discussions - Summary posters - Written assignments
7

Midterm

8 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Historical Information - Primary and secondary sources
Historical Information - Preservation of historical sources
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between primary and secondary sources of historical information
- Provide examples of primary and secondary sources
- Show interest in preserving historical information
- Research the meaning of primary and secondary sources of historical information
- Discuss the difference between primary and secondary sources
- Classify examples as either primary or secondary sources
- Create posters showing different types of historical sources
How can we differentiate between primary and secondary sources of historical information?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments
8 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Historical Development of Agriculture - Areas of early agriculture
Historical Development of Agriculture - Crops and animals
Historical Development of Agriculture - Factors favoring agriculture
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Explain the spread of agriculture in Africa
- Appreciate the importance of early agriculture
- Visit a school library or use internet to research on areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Make a list of areas where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Study a map showing where early agriculture was practiced in Africa
- Draw the map in notebooks and indicate the location of areas where early agriculture was practiced
Why did people start practicing agriculture in Africa?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70-71
- Map of Africa
- Digital resources
- Atlas
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71-73
- Pictures of crops and animals
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 73-74
- Print media
- Observation - Map work - Written assignments
8 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Historical Development of Agriculture - Contribution of Nile Valley
Maps and map work - Position of Africa
Maps and map work - Latitudes and longitudes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess the contribution of the Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Explain the significance of Nile Valley agriculture
- Appreciate the importance of agriculture to civilization
- Study a poster on contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Identify the contributions of Nile Valley agriculture
- Discuss how Nile Valley agriculture contributed to modern-day agriculture
- Research other contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
How did Nile Valley agriculture contribute to world civilization?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74-75
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 77-78
- World map
- Atlas
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 78-80
- Maps with grid coordinates
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
8 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Maps and map work - Locating places using coordinates
Maps and map work - Calculating time
Maps and map work - Time calculations practice
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate places and features on a map using latitudes and longitudes
- Interpret map coordinates
- Show interest in using coordinates for location
- Study a map showing coordinates
- Practice locating points labeled on the map using latitudes and longitudes
- Write down the coordinates for different locations
- Use an atlas to locate countries and features using latitudes and longitudes
How are maps used to locate places accurately?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80-81
- Maps with coordinates
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81-82
- Maps showing time zones
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82-83
- Maps showing longitudes
- Observation - Practical exercises - Written tests
9 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Maps and map work - African features
Maps and map work - Appreciation of African features
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify positive features associated with Africa
- Explain the benefits of features found in Africa
- Appreciate Africa's unique geographic features
- Research positive features associated with Africa
- Find out the benefits of the features found in Africa
- Read articles about features like the Great Rift Valley and Lake Victoria
- Discuss and write down findings
- Present findings to the class
What unique geographical features does Africa have?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83-84
- Pictures of African features
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 84
- Creative writing materials
- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments
9 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Earth and the Solar System - Origin of Earth
Earth and the Solar System - Earth characteristics
Earth and the Solar System - Rotation and revolution
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the origin of the earth
- Compare different theories of earth's origin
- Show interest in learning about earth's formation
- Read stories about the origin of earth
- Share stories of the origin of the earth from their communities
- Research how the earth was formed according to different theories (Creation theory, Nebula cloud theory, Passing star theory)
- Compare different theories of earth's origin
Why is it important to understand the solar system?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85-86
- Pictures of the solar system
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 87-88
- Diagrams of the solar system
- Pictures of planets
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 88-89
- Diagrams showing rotation and revolution
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
9 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Earth and the Solar System - Internal structure
Weather - Elements of weather
Weather - Weather instruments construction
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate the internal structure of the earth
- Identify the layers of earth's structure
- Show interest in earth's composition
- Research how the layers of the internal structure of the earth are arranged
- Study a diagram showing the internal structure of earth
- Name the layers of earth's structure (crust, mantle, core)
- Draw the internal structure of the earth
- Label all the parts
- Display diagrams in the class learning corner
What is inside the Earth?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
- Diagrams of earth's structure
- Digital resources
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 91
- Pictures of weather elements
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 92-95
- Materials for constructing instruments
- Observation - Drawing assessment - Written tests
9 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Weather - Weather observation
Weather - Weather significance
Weather - Weather response
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Record and analyze weather data
- Interpret weather patterns
- Value the importance of weather recording
- Observe and identify weather instruments
- Discuss how each instrument works in a weather station
- Study a weather chart showing recordings of temperature and rainfall
- Create a weather recording sheet
- Use instruments to record weather conditions
- Share completed recording sheets for peer review
How can we use weather data?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 96-97
- Weather instruments
- Recording charts
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98-99
- Pictures of weather-related activities
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99-100
- Pictures of weather responses
- Art materials
- Observation - Data collection - Record keeping assessment
10 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Fieldwork - Data collection methods
Fieldwork - Data collection practice
Fieldwork - Importance of fieldwork
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define fieldwork and its purpose
- Identify methods of data collection used in fieldwork
- Value the importance of fieldwork in research
- Research the meaning of fieldwork
- Find out methods of data collection used in fieldwork
- Discuss methods of data collection (observation, questionnaires, interviews, group discussions)
- Create a chart showing data collection methods and their uses
Why is fieldwork important in social studies?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102-103
- Data collection tools
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 103-104
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
10 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Fieldwork - Challenges and solutions
Fieldwork - Data analysis methods
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify challenges faced during fieldwork
- Propose solutions to fieldwork challenges
- Show interest in overcoming research difficulties
- Research challenges that one may face during fieldwork
- Study a chart showing challenges during fieldwork
- Discuss the challenges with peers
- Read a conversation about fieldwork challenges and solutions
- Identify challenges and solutions from the conversation
- Create a table of challenges and corresponding solutions
What challenges might arise during fieldwork?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 104-105
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105-106
- Sample data sets
- Calculators
- Observation - Group discussions - Written assignments
10 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Fieldwork - Valuing fieldwork
Fieldwork - Planning a project
Fieldwork - Conducting fieldwork
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to value fieldwork in investigating phenomena
- Identify the contributions of fieldwork to research
- Show appreciation for fieldwork as a research method
- Discuss the benefits of fieldwork to the immediate environment
- Answer "What value does fieldwork have to the immediate environment?"
- Research how fieldwork contributes to environmental awareness
- Create a summary of how to value fieldwork in investigating the environment
- Share work with classmates
How does fieldwork contribute to environmental awareness?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107
- Research materials
- Digital resources
- Planning templates
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107-108
- Data collection tools
- Notebooks
- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments
10 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa
Fieldwork - Data analysis and presentation
Fieldwork - Report writing
Fieldwork - Project presentation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze data collected during fieldwork
- Present findings in appropriate formats
- Value the importance of accurate analysis
- Use methods of data analysis to analyze collected data
- Organize data in tables, charts, or graphs
- Interpret patterns and trends in the data
- Prepare presentations of the findings
- Share findings with classmates for peer assessment
How should we analyze and present fieldwork data?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
- Collected data
- Analysis tools
- Presentation materials
- Report templates
- Writing materials
- Digital resources
- Visual aids
- Observation - Analysis accuracy - Presentation skills
11 1
Political Development and Governance
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Political organization
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Scramble for Africa
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - European roles
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the political organization of selected African communities up to 1900
- Compare political systems of different communities
- Appreciate diverse political structures
- Brainstorm the political organization of the Ogiek, the Zulu, and the Asante up to 1900
- Discuss the various European groups that came to Africa
- Present findings to the class
- Create charts showing political organizations of selected communities
How were African communities politically organized before the coming of the Europeans?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109-110
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110-112
- Chart materials
- Reference books
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
11 2
Political Development and Governance
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Berlin Conference
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Colonial territories
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the terms of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
- Explain the significance of the conference
- Value the importance of understanding colonial history
- Research terms of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
- Study a poster with information about the Berlin Conference
- Discuss questions related to the conference
- Create posters on the terms of the Berlin Conference
- Display posters in the Social Studies learning corner
What were the outcomes of the Berlin Conference?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 112-113
- Poster materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 113-114
- Map of colonial Africa
- Atlas
- Observation - Poster assessment - Written assignments
11 3
Political Development and Governance
The Constitution of Kenya - Importance
The Constitution of Kenya - Upholding the constitution
The Constitution of Kenya - Promulgation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define what a constitution is
- Explain the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Value the role of the constitution in governance
- Research the meaning of the Constitution of Kenya
- Research the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Write an essay on the importance of the Constitution
- Read dialogues about the importance of the constitution
- Identify important points from the dialogue
Why should a country have a constitution?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 118-119
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 119-120
- Poster materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Video resources
- Observation - Essay assessment - Oral questions
11 4
Political Development and Governance
The Constitution of Kenya - National values
The Constitution of Kenya - Applying national values
Human Rights - Classification
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify national values in the Constitution of Kenya
- Explain the importance of national values
- Appreciate the role of values in governance
- Research national values provided in the Constitution of Kenya
- Complete a crossword puzzle containing Kenyan national values
- Complete a table explaining national values
- Discuss the importance of national values
- Create posters highlighting national values
How do national values promote good governance?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 122-123
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Poster materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123-125
- Song materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 126-128
- Human rights documents
- Reference materials
- Observation - Puzzle completion - Written assignments
12 1
Political Development and Governance
Human Rights - Characteristics
Human Rights - Equity and non-discrimination
Human Rights - Promoting equity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain characteristics of human rights
- Identify how human rights are manifested
- Show interest in human rights protection
- Research characteristics of human rights
- Study a summary on characteristics of human rights
- Discuss the characteristics identified
- Create a tree model showing characteristics of human rights
- Display models at the Social Studies learning corner
What are the key characteristics of human rights?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 128-129
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 130-132
- Pictures showing equity
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132-134
- Poster materials
- Observation - Model assessment - Written assignments
12 2
Political Development and Governance
Human Rights - Valuing human rights
African Diasporas - Concept
African Diasporas - Contributing factors
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways to promote respect for human rights
- Identify actions that support human dignity
- Value the importance of human rights
- Research ways to promote respect for human rights
- Study a chart on promoting respect for human rights
- Discuss ways of promoting respect for human rights
- Organize a debate on "Value human rights for promotion of human dignity"
- Note down main points from the debate
How can we promote respect for human rights in our community?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 134-135
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 138-139
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 139-140
- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments
12 3
Political Development and Governance
African Diasporas - Geographic locations
African Diasporas - Political development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate countries inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Identify major diaspora settlements
- Value the global presence of African descendants
- Research locations of the United States, Brazil, and France on a world map
- Study a map showing countries inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Name countries that were inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Give the direction of these countries in relation to Africa
- Draw a map indicating diaspora locations
Where are African Diasporas located globally?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 140-141
- World maps
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141-142
- Reference materials
- Debate materials
- Observation - Map work - Written assignments
12 4
Political Development and Governance
African Diasporas - Promoting unity
Citizenship - Interconnectedness
Citizenship - Globalization effects
Citizenship - Global citizen qualities
Citizenship - International contribution
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop slogans promoting African unity
- Explain ways to strengthen diaspora-continent connections
- Value African unity and cooperation
- Study slogans on African Diasporas in promoting African unity
- Discuss the importance of each message to African diasporas
- Create slogans on African diasporas and promotion of African unity
- Write slogans on manila paper
- Display work in the school
- Research ways to promote collaboration between continental Africans and diasporas
How can we promote African unity in society today?
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 142-143
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144-145
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 145-147
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 147-149
- Poster materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 149-151
- Creative materials
- Observation - Slogan assessment - Research findings

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