Numbers

Whole Numbers - Place value of digits up to hundreds of millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define place value of digits up to hundreds of millions
- Use place value charts to determine place value of digits
- Show interest in learning place value concepts

- Discuss and identify place value of digits using place value apparatus
- Fill in numbers in place value charts
- Work in groups to determine place value of digits in different numbers

Why do we need to understand place value of digits?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 4
- Place value charts
- Number cards

- Oral questions - Observation - Written exercises

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Place value of digits in hundreds of millions
Whole Numbers - Total value of digits up to hundreds of millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the place value of any digit in numbers up to hundreds of millions
- Draw an abacus to show place value of digits
- Appreciate the use of place value in real life

- Use abacus to work out place value of digits
- Practice identifying place value in numbers involving hundreds of millions
- Share work with other learners in class

What is the place value of a digit in a given number?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 5
- Abacus
- Place value charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 6
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Working out total value of digits
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers in symbols up to hundreds of millions
Whole Numbers - Converting words to symbols up to millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the relationship between place value and total value
- Work out total value of underlined digits in numbers
- Value the importance of total value in daily activities

- Work out total value of digits in various numbers
- Solve word problems involving total value
- Discuss real life applications such as counting coffee trees or vaccinations

Where do we apply total value in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 7
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 8
- Number charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 9
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers in words up to millions
Whole Numbers - Writing numbers in words on cheques

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the rules for writing numbers in words
- Form different 7-digit numbers and read them in words
- Enjoy reading large numbers in words

- Make number cards 1-9
- Form four different 7-digit numbers
- Fill in place value charts and read numbers formed

How do we read large numbers in words?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 10
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 11
- Dummy cheques
- Number cards

- Oral questions - Observation - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Writing numbers in words up to millions
Whole Numbers - Practice reading and writing numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to write numbers in words using place value
- Write numbers in words using place value and total value
- Show interest in writing numbers correctly

- Break down numbers by place value and total value
- Write each component in words
- Practice with numbers like car prices and milk production

How do we write large numbers in words accurately?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 12
- Number cards
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 13
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Rounding off to the nearest ten millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the rules for rounding off numbers
- Round off numbers to the nearest ten millions
- Show interest in rounding off numbers

- Make number cards with 9-digit numbers
- Round off numbers like 87,148,729 to nearest ten million
- Fill amounts in place value charts

Why do we round off numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 15
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Rounding off to the nearest hundreds of millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify the digit to consider when rounding off to hundreds of millions
- Round off numbers to the nearest hundreds of millions
- Value accuracy in rounding off numbers

- Read stories involving large numbers like supermarket sales
- Consider digit in tens of millions place value
- Apply rules: retain if 0-4, increase by 1 if 5-9

How do we round off to the nearest hundred million?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 14
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Practice rounding off numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the application of rounding off in estimation
- Solve real life problems involving rounding off
- Appreciate the use of rounding off in estimations

- Round off tax amounts and farm areas
- Work out rounding off exercises like 219,486,272 to nearest hundred million
- Apply rounding off in real contexts

Where do we apply rounding off in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 16
- Number cards
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Identifying even numbers
Whole Numbers - Identifying odd numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define even numbers
- Identify even numbers from a set of numbers
- Show interest in classifying numbers

- Make number cards with various numbers
- Sort numbers divisible by two
- Identify digits in ones place (0, 2, 4, 6, 8)

What are even numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 17
- Number cards
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 18

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Identifying prime numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define prime numbers
- Identify prime numbers from a set of numbers
- Value the uniqueness of prime numbers

- Copy tables and work out divisors of numbers
- Identify numbers with only two divisors (1 and itself)
- Note that 2 is the only even prime number

What makes a number prime?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 19
- Number cards
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Adding whole numbers up to hundreds of millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the process of adding large numbers
- Add whole numbers up to hundreds of millions using place value charts
- Show confidence in adding large numbers

- Make number cards and form 9-digit numbers
- Add two 9-digit numbers using place value charts
- Solve addition problems like company sales

How do we add large numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 20
- Place value charts
- Number cards

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Subtracting whole numbers up to hundreds of millions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the process of subtracting large numbers
- Subtract whole numbers up to hundreds of millions
- Appreciate the use of subtraction in daily life

- Read stories involving subtraction (coffee export)
- Use place value charts to work out subtraction
- Solve problems like milk production and sales

Where do we use subtraction in real life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 21
- Place value charts
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Multiplying whole numbers
Whole Numbers - Dividing whole numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the long multiplication method
- Multiply whole numbers systematically
- Enjoy solving multiplication problems

- Make number wheel and spin to multiply
- Arrange numbers vertically and multiply by ones, tens, hundreds
- Solve problems like worker salaries

How do we multiply large numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 22
- Number wheel
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 23
- Number cards

- Written exercises - Class activities - Observation

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Working out combined operations (DMAS)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the DMAS rule for combined operations
- Work out expressions with multiple operations
- Show interest in solving combined operations

- Make cards with combined operations expressions
- Discuss order: Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction
- Work out expressions like 260-255+340-105

What is the order of operations in DMAS?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 24
- Number cards
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Applying combined operations in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify real life situations involving combined operations
- Solve real life problems using combined operations
- Appreciate the use of combined operations

- Solve problems like tomato sales and tree planting
- Work out stadium seating arrangements
- Apply combined operations in bread trading scenarios

Where do we use combined operations in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 25
- Number cards
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Identifying number sequences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define a number sequence
- Identify patterns in number sequences
- Show curiosity in number patterns

- Make number cards (2, 4, 8, 16, 32)
- Identify the rule creating the sequence
- Find next numbers in sequences like prime numbers

What is a number sequence?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 25
- Number cards
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Creating number sequences
Factors - Divisibility test for 2
Factors - Divisibility test for 3

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain different rules for creating sequences
- Create addition, subtraction, multiplication and division sequences
- Enjoy creating number puzzles

- Create subtraction sequence starting from 1000
- Create addition sequence starting from 1012
- Play games creating number puzzles using IT devices

How do we create number sequences?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 26
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 27
- Divisibility worksheets
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 28
- Worksheets

- Class activities - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Factors - Divisibility test for 4
Factors - Divisibility tests for 5 and 6

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the divisibility rule for 4
- Test divisibility of numbers by 4
- Value accuracy in applying divisibility rules

- Underline digits in ones and tens place value
- Check if number formed by last two digits is divisible by 4
- Practice with various numbers

How do we test if a number is divisible by 4?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 29
- Number cards
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 30
- Divisibility charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Numbers

Factors - Divisibility tests for 8, 9, 10 and 11
Factors - Prime factors of composite numbers
Factors - GCD and LCM of numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State divisibility rules for 8, 9, 10 and 11
- Test divisibility of numbers by 8, 9, 10 and 11
- Appreciate the use of divisibility tests

- Check if last 3 digits divisible by 8
- Add digits and check divisibility by 9
- Check if number ends in 0 for 10
- Find difference of alternate digit sums for 11

How do we test divisibility by 8, 9, 10 and 11?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 32
- Number cards
- Divisibility charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 36
- Factor rainbow diagrams
- Factor trees
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 37
- Factor charts
- Number cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers

Fractions - Comparing fractions
Fractions - Arranging fractions in order

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain strategies for comparing fractions
- Compare fractions using different methods
- Show interest in comparing fractions

- Discuss strategies for comparing fractions
- Use fraction cards to arrange fractions
- Practice arranging fractions in increasing order

How do we compare fractions?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 36
- Fraction cards
- Fraction charts
- Cut outs

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Fractions - Adding fractions
Fractions - Subtracting fractions
Fractions - Multiplying fractions by whole numbers and fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the steps for adding fractions
- Add fractions with different denominators
- Show confidence in adding fractions

- Use cut outs and fraction cards to add fractions
- Find LCM of denominators
- Add numerators and simplify results

How do we add fractions with different denominators?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 36
- Fraction cut outs
- Fraction charts
- Concrete objects
- Fraction cards
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Numbers

Fractions - Multiplying mixed numbers
Fractions - Reciprocals and dividing fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to convert mixed numbers to improper fractions
- Multiply mixed numbers
- Appreciate the use of multiplication of fractions in real life

- Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions
- Multiply and convert answers to mixed numbers
- Solve real life problems involving multiplication

Where do we use multiplication of fractions in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 36
- Fraction cut outs
- Models
- Flip cards
- Fraction cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Fractions - Dividing whole numbers by fractions and mixed fractions
Fractions - Creating fraction sequences
Decimals - Place value of digits in decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the process of dividing whole numbers by fractions
- Divide whole numbers by fractions and mixed fractions
- Value the application of division of fractions

- Convert whole numbers to fractions
- Use reciprocals to divide
- Solve problems involving division of mixed fractions

How do we divide whole numbers by fractions?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 36
- Fraction cards
- IT devices
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 56
- Place value charts
- Measuring instruments

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Decimals - Total value of digits in decimals
Decimals - Multiplying decimals by whole numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define total value of digits in decimals
- Calculate total value of digits in decimal numbers
- Appreciate the use of total value in decimals

- Draw abacus showing decimal numbers
- Write down numbers represented on abacus
- Calculate total value by multiplying digit by its place value

How do we find the total value of a digit in a decimal?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 59
- Abacus
- Place value charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 60
- Number cards
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Decimals - Multiplying decimals by decimals
Decimals - Dividing decimals by whole numbers
Decimals - Dividing decimals by decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the rule for decimal places in multiplication
- Multiply decimals by decimals
- Value accuracy in multiplying decimals

- Calculate area of innovative gardens in shape of squares
- Count total decimal places in both numbers
- Multiply and place decimal point correctly in answer

How do we multiply decimals by decimals?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 61
- Square diagrams
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 62
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 63
- Conversion tables

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Squares of whole numbers
Squares and Square Roots - Squares of fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the square of a number
- Determine squares of whole numbers by multiplication
- Show interest in finding squares of numbers

- Draw square grids to find squares of numbers
- Calculate area of square flowerbeds
- Use long multiplication to find squares

How do we find the square of a whole number?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 64
- Square grids
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 65
- Fraction charts
- Number cards

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Squares of decimals
Squares and Square Roots - Square roots of whole numbers and fractions
Squares and Square Roots - Square roots of decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the rule for decimal places when squaring decimals
- Determine squares of decimals
- Value accuracy in calculating squares of decimals

- Cut out ribbons and make square figures during Visual Arts
- Find area of squares with decimal sides
- Observe that square has double the decimal places

How do we find the square of a decimal?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 66
- Square cut-outs
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 68
- Factor trees
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 70
- Number cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Forming expressions involving addition and subtraction
Algebraic Expressions - Forming expressions involving multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define an algebraic expression
- Form algebraic expressions involving addition and subtraction from real life situations
- Show interest in forming algebraic expressions

- Discuss objects like oranges owned by different learners using letters x and y
- Write expressions for total number of items
- Form expressions from stories involving cows, eggs and ages

How do we form algebraic expressions from real life situations?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 72
- Real objects (oranges, pencils)
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 73
- Pencils, sharpeners
- Price tags

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Simplifying expressions involving addition and subtraction
Algebraic Expressions - Simplifying expressions involving multiplication and division
Algebraic Expressions - Application of simplifying expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define like terms in algebraic expressions
- Simplify algebraic expressions by grouping like terms
- Show confidence in simplifying expressions

- Read story of Otieno buying pens and pencils at different prices
- Write expression for total amount spent
- Group like terms together and simplify

What are like terms in algebraic expressions?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 74
- Shopping items
- Price lists
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 75
- Number cards
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 76
- Geometric shapes
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming equations involving addition and subtraction
Linear Equations - Forming equations from word problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define a linear equation
- Form linear equations involving addition and subtraction
- Show interest in forming equations

- Use beam balance with 5 kg mass on one side
- Place 2 kg mass and add sand of unknown mass x until balanced
- Write equation to show relationship: x + 2 = 5

What is a linear equation?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 77
- Beam balance
- Masses (weights)
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 78
- Word problem cards
- Number cards

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming equations involving multiplication and division
Linear Equations - Solving equations involving addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to form equations involving multiplication and division
- Form linear equations involving multiplication and division
- Show confidence in forming equations

- Read number card: "I think of a number. If I multiply by 3, I get 27"
- Form equation 3n = 27
- Write equations for area of rectangles: y × 5 = 40

How do we form equations involving multiplication and division?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 79
- Number cards
- Rectangle diagrams
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 80
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving equations involving multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to solve equations with brackets
- Solve linear equations involving multiplication and division
- Appreciate the application of equations in real life

- Read story of Grace giving a third of her pencils to friends
- Open brackets and collect like terms
- Divide both sides by coefficient of unknown

How do we solve equations with brackets?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 80
- Word problem cards
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Equations - Application of linear equations
Linear Inequalities - Inequality symbols

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify real life problems involving linear equations
- Solve problems using linear equations
- Show interest in applying equations to real life

- Solve problems about Mwandawiro's salary and school fees
- Find interior angles of triangles using equations
- Solve problems about Kahuho's bags of maize

Where do we apply linear equations in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 81
- Triangle diagrams
- Digital devices
- See-saw
- Inequality cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Applying inequality symbols to statements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the meaning of "at least" and "at most"
- Apply inequality symbols to real life statements
- Appreciate the use of inequalities in daily life

- Read story of Harriet visiting nutritionist about eggs and fruits
- Write: Number of eggs ≤ 2, Number of fruits ≥ 3
- Form inequalities from statements about height and volume

How do we apply inequality symbols to real life situations?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 82
- Inequality cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Forming inequalities involving addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define a linear inequality
- Form simple linear inequalities involving addition and subtraction
- Show confidence in forming inequalities

- Use beam balance with 5 kg on one side and 3 kg + sand on other side
- Let mass of sand be b kg and form inequality
- Form inequalities from stories about buses, oranges and goats

How do we form linear inequalities?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 84
- Beam balance
- Masses

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Forming inequalities involving multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to form inequalities from multiplication and division situations
- Form simple linear inequalities involving multiplication and division
- Value the use of inequalities in problem solving

- Read story of Eric and Maureen buying pencils at sh 10 each
- Form inequality: 10x + 10(x+3) < 100
- Form inequalities about plates, shirts and bananas

How do we form inequalities involving multiplication and division?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 85
- Word problem cards
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Illustrating simple inequalities on a number line
Linear Inequalities - Forming compound inequalities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to represent inequalities on a number line
- Illustrate simple inequalities using open and closed points
- Show interest in representing inequalities graphically

- Study number lines and list numbers greater than, less than, or equal to 5
- Use open point (○) when number is not included
- Use closed point (●) when number is included

How do we represent inequalities on a number line?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 86
- Number lines
- Inequality cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 87
- Inequality cards
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Illustrating compound inequalities on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to illustrate compound inequalities
- Illustrate compound inequalities on a number line
- Show confidence in representing compound inequalities

- Make inequality cards with compound inequalities
- Illustrate 3 < x ≤ 7 showing x greater than 3 and less than or equal to 7
- Use open and closed points appropriately

How do we illustrate compound inequalities on a number line?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 88
- Number lines
- Inequality cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra
Measurements

Linear Inequalities - Application of compound inequalities
Pythagorean Relationship - Sides of a right-angled triangle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify real life situations involving compound inequalities
- Form and illustrate compound inequalities from word problems
- Value the application of inequalities in daily life

- Solve problems about farmers with goats (less than 8 but more than 6)
- Form compound inequality and illustrate on number line
- Solve problems about Katana buying oranges

Where do we use compound inequalities in real life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 88
- Word problem cards
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 89
- Ladders
- Right-angled triangle models

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Pythagorean Relationship - Establishing the relationship
Pythagorean Relationship - Finding unknown sides

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the Pythagorean relationship
- Verify Pythagorean relationship by counting squares
- Appreciate the relationship between sides of a right-angled triangle

- Trace and draw right-angled triangle with sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm
- Draw squares on each side and divide into 1 cm squares
- Count squares and compare: squares on height + squares on base = squares on hypotenuse

What is the Pythagorean relationship?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 91
- Square grids
- Rulers and pencils
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 92
- Calculators
- Triangle diagrams

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Pythagorean Relationship - Real life applications
Length - Converting units of length
Length - Addition involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify real life situations involving Pythagorean relationship
- Solve real life problems using Pythagorean relationship
- Value the application of Pythagorean relationship in daily life

- Solve puzzle finding missing sides marked with letters
- Calculate length of ladder inclined on wall
- Use IT devices to explore applications in construction and surveying

Where do we apply Pythagorean relationship in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 93
- Puzzles
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 94
- Conversion charts
- Metre rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 96
- Maps
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Subtraction involving length
Length - Multiplication involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the process of subtracting lengths
- Subtract lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Show confidence in subtracting lengths

- Make cards with subtraction problems
- Regroup where necessary (borrow from higher unit)
- Solve problems comparing distances covered by Joan and John

How do we subtract lengths with different units?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 98
- Number cards
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 99
- Word problems
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Length - Division involving length
Length - Perimeter and circumference of circles
Area - Square metres, acres and hectares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the process of dividing lengths
- Divide lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Show interest in division of lengths

- Read story of relay race team of 4 members covering 6 Hm 5 Dm 6 m
- Divide each unit starting from highest, convert remainders
- Solve problems about road sections tarmacked by workers

How do we divide lengths by whole numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 100
- Word problems
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 101
- Circular objects
- Tape measures
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 106
- Metre rulers

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Area - Area of a rectangle
Area - Area of a parallelogram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the formula for area of a rectangle
- Calculate area of rectangles
- Appreciate the use of area in real life

- Trace and cut out rectangles
- Find area by multiplying length and width
- Complete tables with length, width and area of rectangles

How do we find the area of a rectangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 108
- Rectangular cut-outs
- Grid papers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 110
- Paper cut-outs
- Scissors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of a rhombus
Area - Area of a trapezium
Area - Area of circles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Derive the formula for area of a rhombus
- Calculate area of rhombuses
- Value accuracy in calculating area

- Cut out square WXYZ and mark point K on line WX
- Cut triangle WKZ and paste on line XY to form rhombus
- Discover: Area = Base length × Perpendicular height

How do we find the area of a rhombus?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 112
- Square cut-outs
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 114
- Paper cut-outs
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pair of compasses
- Manila paper

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of borders
Area - Area of combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the area of a border
- Calculate area of borders (shaded regions)
- Value accuracy in calculating area of borders

- Read story of Mary putting picture in frame
- Calculate: Area of border = Area of larger shape - Area of smaller shape
- Solve problems about picture frames, carpets and swimming pools

How do we find the area of a border?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 119
- Picture frames
- Diagrams
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 121
- Combined shape diagrams
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - The cubic metre (m³)
Volume and Capacity - Converting m³ to cm³
Volume and Capacity - Converting cm³ to m³

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify the cubic metre as a unit of measuring volume
- Make a model of a 1 metre cube
- Show interest in measuring volume

- Use metre rule, long sticks and strings to measure and cut 12 sticks of 1 m each
- Join sticks using strings to form a 1 metre cube
- Observe safety when using panga to cut sticks

What is a cubic metre?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 122
- Metre rule
- Long sticks, strings
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 123
- 1 metre cube model
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 124
- Number cards

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cubes
Volume and Capacity - Volume of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the formula for volume of a cube
- Calculate volume of cubes
- Value accuracy in calculating volume

- Draw cube and colour one face (cross-sectional area)
- Establish: Volume = Side × Side × Side
- Model cubes using clay, plasticine or manila paper

How do we find the volume of a cube?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 125
- Clay, plasticine
- Manila paper
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 126
- Clay, cartons
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cylinders
Volume and Capacity - Relating volume to capacity
Volume and Capacity - Application of volume and capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the formula for volume of a cylinder
- Calculate volume of cylinders using πr²h
- Show interest in finding volume of cylinders

- Arrange pile of similar coins to form cylinder
- Measure diameter and height
- Establish: Volume = πr² × height

How do we find the volume of a cylinder?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 128
- Coins, cylindrical objects
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 130
- Containers, basin
- Measuring cylinder
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 132
- Various containers
- Digital devices

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Units of measuring time
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and minutes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify units of measuring time
- Read time from clock faces and stopwatches
- Show interest in reading time

- Observe clock face with hour, minute and second hands
- Read time shown on stopwatches (hours, minutes, seconds)
- Draw clock faces showing different times

How do we read time from a clock face?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 134
- Clock faces
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 136
- Paper clock faces

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting minutes and seconds
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and seconds
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting units of distance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- State the relationship between minutes and seconds
- Convert minutes to seconds and seconds to minutes
- Show confidence in converting time units

- Use stopwatch to observe seconds in different minutes
- Establish: 1 minute = 60 seconds
- Solve problems about water pumps, walking distances

How do we convert minutes to seconds?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 138
- Stopwatches
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 140
- Calculators
- Conversion charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 142
- Maps
- Measuring tapes

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in km/h
Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in m/s

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define speed as distance covered per unit time
- Calculate speed in kilometres per hour
- Show interest in calculating speed

- Walk and run around athletics field (1 lap = 400 m)
- Record time taken for each activity
- Calculate: Speed = Distance ÷ Time

What is speed in kilometres per hour?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 144
- Athletics field
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 145
- Measuring tape

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting km/h to m/s and vice versa
Temperature - Temperature in our environment
Temperature - Comparing temperature

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain conversion of speed units
- Convert km/h to m/s and m/s to km/h
- Appreciate the importance of speed in daily activities

- Read story of school driver observing traffic rules
- Convert distance from km to m, time from hours to seconds
- Practice converting speed between km/h and m/s

How do we convert speed from km/h to m/s?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 146
- Conversion charts
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 149
- Thermometers
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 150
- Ice cubes
- Metallic and wooden objects

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Temperature - Units of measuring temperature
Temperature - Converting °C to Kelvin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify Celsius (°C) and Kelvin (K) as units of temperature
- Read temperature from thermometers
- Show confidence in reading temperature

- Visit health centre to see thermometer
- Identify °C and K symbols on thermometer
- Measure water temperature before and after heating

What are the units of measuring temperature?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 151
- Thermometers
- Sufuria, water
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 153
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Temperature - Converting Kelvin to °C
Temperature - Temperature changes
Money - Profit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain conversion of Kelvin to degrees Celsius
- Convert temperature from Kelvin to degrees Celsius
- Appreciate the use of temperature conversions

- Complete table showing daily temperatures in Kelvin
- Convert to °C by subtracting 273
- Solve problems about melting points and town temperatures

How do we convert Kelvin to degrees Celsius?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 154
- Temperature tables
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 155
- Thermometers
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 157
- Classroom shop
- Paper money

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Loss
Money - Percentage profit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define loss in business transactions
- Calculate loss given buying and selling prices
- Appreciate the importance of avoiding loss in business

- Compare buying price and selling price in tables
- Identify when selling price is lower than buying price
- Establish: Loss = Buying price - Selling price

What is loss in business?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 159
- Price tables
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 160
- Tables
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Percentage loss
Money - Discount
Money - Percentage discount

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define percentage loss
- Calculate percentage loss
- Value the importance of minimizing loss in business

- Draw tables with buying price, selling price and loss
- Work out percentage loss = (Loss ÷ Buying price) × 100%
- Solve problems about mattresses, dresses and sheep

How do we calculate percentage loss?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 162
- Tables
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 164
- Price tags
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 166

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Commission and percentage commission
Money - Interpreting bills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define commission as payment for selling goods
- Calculate commission and percentage commission
- Value the role of commission in business

- Read story of Mzee Mambo Leo's motor vehicle firm
- Study table showing Dansam's weekly commission
- Calculate: % Commission = (Commission ÷ Value of goods sold) × 100%

What is commission in business?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 167
- Commission tables
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 171
- Sample bills
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Preparing bills
Money - Postal charges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the use of symbols @ and 'for' in bills
- Prepare bills for items purchased
- Show confidence in preparing bills

- Read story of Gillian buying items from kiosk
- Prepare bill showing items, quantities and prices
- Calculate total cost and balance

How do we prepare a bill?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 172
- Bill formats
- Paper money
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 173
- Postal charge tables
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Mobile money services
Money - Mobile money transactions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify mobile money services (deposit, withdraw, transfer, save, borrow)
- Explain the importance of mobile money services
- Value the convenience of mobile money

- Read story of Mr Mamboleo using mobile money in his shop
- Identify services: pay bill, transfer, save, withdraw, borrow
- Complete word puzzle circling mobile money services

What are mobile money services?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 178
- Word puzzles
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 179
- Transaction tables
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation