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SCHEME OF WORK
Social Studies
Grade 9 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN STRAND SUB-STRAND LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING EXPERIENCES KEY INQUIRY QUESTIONS LEARNING RESOURCES ASSESSMENT METHODS REFLECTION
2 1
SOCIAL STUDIES AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Pathway Choices - Meaning and Factors
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-State the meaning of a Career Pathway
-Identify factors to consider in the selection of a pathway
-Draw a poster showing factors to consider in the selection of a pathway
-Acknowledge the factors to consider in the selection of a pathway
- The learner is guided to brainstorm the meaning of a career path
-The learner is guided to discuss factors to consider in the selection of a pathway
-Learners are guided in groups to draw a poster showing factors to consider in the selection of a pathway
Why is it important to learn about career paths?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 1
-Chart
-Digital devices
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
2 2
SOCIAL STUDIES AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Pathway Choices - Pathways and Requirements
Pathway Choices - Social Sciences Requirements
Pathway Choices - Possible Tracks
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine various pathways and their respective requirements
-Draw a chart showing various pathways and their respective requirements
-Appreciate various pathways and their respective requirements
- The learner is guided to identify various pathways and their respective requirements
-Learners are guided in groups to create a chart showing various pathways and their respective requirements
Why is it important to learn about career paths?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 2
-Chart
-Computing devices
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 3
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 4
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
2 3
SOCIAL STUDIES AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Pre-career Support Systems - Meaning and Use
Pre-career Support Systems - Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define the meaning of support systems
-Explore and use support systems for pre-career and other needs
-Describe the effective use of different support systems for pre-career and other needs
-Appreciate the value of support systems for pre-career and other needs
- The learner is guided to define support systems and also use support systems for pre-career and other needs
-Learners in groups are guided to describe effective use of different support systems for pre-career and other needs
What is a support system?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 8
-Computing devices
-Chart
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 9
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
2 4
SOCIAL STUDIES AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
COMMUNITY SERVICE-LEARNING
Pre-career Support Systems - Solutions
Pre-career Support Systems - Career Mapping
Community Service-Learning Project - Problem Identification
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Design solutions to challenges arising from support systems
-Define solutions to challenges arising from support systems
-Appreciate solutions to challenges arising from support systems
- The learner is guided to design solutions to challenges arising from support systems
-In groups, learners are guided to search for solutions to challenges arising from pre-existing career support systems
What is the solution to challenges arising from support systems?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 11
-Computing devices
-Chart
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 12
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
3 1
COMMUNITY SERVICE-LEARNING
Community Service-Learning Project - Problem Statement
Community Service-Learning Project - Solution Design
Community Service-Learning Project - Planning
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify a problem in the community
-Write a statement of the problem
-Demonstrate interest in addressing community problems
-Appreciate the need to analyze problems in the community
- Learner is guided to authenticate the problem/gap and write down the statement of the problem
-Learners in groups discuss the problem and validate its existence in the community
Why does one need a well thought out solution to a community problem?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 13
-Computing devices
-Chart
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 14
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 15
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
3 2
COMMUNITY SERVICE-LEARNING
Community Service-Learning Project - Implementation I
Community Service-Learning Project - Implementation II
Community Service-Learning Project - Report Writing
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Implement the plan to solve the problem
-Execute specific tasks in the implementation plan
-Value the importance of implementation in addressing community problems
- Learner is guided to implement the plan prudently to address the identified problem
-Learners execute the project activities according to the plan and keep evidence of work done
Why is reflection important in a project execution process?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 16
-Computing devices
-Chart
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 17
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
3 3
COMMUNITY SERVICE-LEARNING
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Community Service-Learning Project - Reflection
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Early Stone Age Period
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Middle Stone Age Period
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Appreciate teamwork in addressing community problems
-Evaluate the impact of the project on the community
-Value the importance of community service
- Learner is guided to organize sharing of project outcomes for impacting others
-Learners reflect on the value of teamwork in addressing community problems
Why is reflection important in a project execution process?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg 18
-Computing devices
-Chart
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 19
-Digital devices
-Pictures of early human tools
-Charts
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 20
-Pictures of Middle Stone Age tools
- Oral questions -Oral report -Observation
3 4
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Late Stone Age Period
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Comparison of Stone Age Periods
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the socio-economic practices of early humans in Africa during the Late Stone Age period
-Identify the tools used by early humans during the Late Stone Age period
-Appreciate the advancements made during the Late Stone Age period
- Learners are guided to research on socio-economic practices of early humans during the Late Stone Age period
-Learners are guided to identify the microliths tools used during the Late Stone Age period
-Learners discuss the improvement in shelter, agriculture and social organization during the Late Stone Age period
How did the Late Stone Age period contribute to human civilization?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 22
-Digital devices
-Pictures of Late Stone Age tools and settlements
-Charts
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 23
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
4 1
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Tools Illustration
Socio-Economic Practices of Early Humans - Relevance to Modern Society
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Types and Agriculture
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the tools used by early humans during the Stone Age period
-Explain the uses of different tools during the Stone Age period
-Appreciate the technological advancement shown through the development of tools
- Learners are guided to draw various types of tools used by early humans during the Stone Age period
-In groups, learners discuss the uses of different tools during the Stone Age period
-Learners compose and sing songs recognizing the socio-economic practices of early humans
What were the uses of tools during the Stone Age period?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 25
-Drawing materials
-Digital devices
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 27
-Resource person
-Debate materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 28
-Digital resources
-Charts
- Illustrations -Oral presentations -Observation
4 2
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Medicine
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Climate
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Environmental Conservation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify indigenous knowledge systems in medicine in African societies
-Explain how indigenous medical knowledge was used for sustainability of life
-Appreciate the contribution of indigenous medical knowledge to modern medicine
- Learners are guided to research on indigenous medical knowledge in traditional African societies
-In groups, learners discuss how traditional medical knowledge was used for treating various ailments
-Learners discuss the relevance of indigenous medical knowledge in modern society
How has indigenous medical knowledge contributed to modern medicine?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 29
-Digital resources
-Charts
-Resource materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 30
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 31
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Group presentations -Written assignments
4 3
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Technology
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Arts and Religion
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Education
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify indigenous knowledge systems in technology in African societies
-Explain how indigenous technological knowledge was used for sustainability of life
-Appreciate traditional technological innovations
- Learners research on indigenous technological innovations like iron smelting, pottery, and tool making
-Learners discuss how traditional technology was used in daily life
-Learners debate on the influence of indigenous technology on modern innovations
How has indigenous technology influenced modern innovations?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 32
-Digital resources
-Pictures of indigenous tools and technology
-Charts
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 33
-Pictures of indigenous art
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Group presentations -Written tests
4 4
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Integration with Modern Knowledge
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in African Societies - Preservation
Poverty Reduction - Causes of Poverty
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Use indigenous and modern knowledge systems for effective decision making in life
-Explain how indigenous knowledge can be integrated with modern knowledge systems
-Appreciate the complementary nature of indigenous and modern knowledge systems
- Learners in pairs devise ways of using indigenous and modern knowledge systems for effective decision making
-Learners discuss areas where indigenous knowledge complements modern knowledge
-Learners create posters showing the integration of indigenous and modern knowledge systems
How can we integrate indigenous and modern knowledge systems?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
-Digital resources
-Charts
-Poster materials
-Debate materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 35
-Pictures showing poverty
- Oral questions -Group presentations -Posters evaluation
5 1
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Poverty Reduction - Resource Exploitation
Poverty Reduction - Economic Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the effects of overexploitation of natural resources on poverty in Africa
-Identify how resource depletion contributes to poverty
-Appreciate the need for sustainable resource use
- Learners discuss the effects of overexploitation of natural resources on poverty in Africa
-Learners identify examples of resource depletion in their communities
-Learners create awareness posters on the effects of overexploitation of resources
How does overexploitation of resources contribute to poverty?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 37
-Digital resources
-Pictures showing environmental degradation
-Charts
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 38
-Newspapers with economic data
- Oral questions -Group presentations -Written assignments
5 2
PEOPLE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Poverty Reduction - Creative Solutions
Poverty Reduction - Home-Grown Solutions
Poverty Reduction - Impact of Strategies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply creative thinking skills to reduce poverty in the society
-Develop ideas for poverty reduction
-Appreciate the role of innovation in poverty reduction
- Learners illustrate in pairs problem-solving skills to reduce poverty in the community
-Learners discuss smart agricultural practices for poverty reduction
-Learners design projects that could help reduce poverty in their community
How can we creatively address poverty in our communities?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 39
-Digital resources
-Charts
-Project materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 40
-Resource person
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 41
-Poster materials
- Oral questions -Project evaluation -Written assignments
5 3
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Topographical Maps - Human Activities
Topographical Maps - Human Activities on Maps
Topographical Maps - Enlarging Maps
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify human activities on topographical maps
-Describe how human activities are represented on topographical maps
-Appreciate the representation of human activities on topographical maps
- Learners study various map symbols and identify the human activities they represent
-Learners examine topographical map extracts to identify human activities
-In groups, learners discuss how human activities are represented on topographical maps
Why are topographical maps important?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
-Topographical map extracts
-Topographical map symbols
-Digital devices
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
-Chart paper
-Drawing materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
-Rulers
-Graph paper
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Observation
5 4
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Topographical Maps - Reducing Maps
Topographical Maps - Cross-sections
Topographical Maps - Cross-sections with Human Activities
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the process of reducing parts of a topographical map
-Use creative thinking skills to reduce parts of topographical maps
-Value the importance of map reduction
- Learners study the steps followed when reducing a section of a topographical map
-Learners measure the width and length of map areas to be reduced
-Learners practice reducing sections of topographical maps using a scale factor
How do we reduce sections of topographical maps?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71
-Topographical map extracts
-Rulers
-Graph paper
-Drawing materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
-Straight edge papers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 73
-Digital devices
- Practical assessment -Observation -Written assignments
6 1
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Topographical Maps - Practical Applications
Topographical Maps - Representation of Activities
Internal Land Forming Processes - Earth Movements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw sketch maps of local areas showing human activities
-Enlarge and reduce sections of sketch maps
-Apply mapping skills in real-life situations
- Learners draw sketch maps of the area around their school
-Learners identify parts of the sketch map to enlarge and reduce
-Learners practice enlarging and reducing selected parts of their sketch maps
How can we apply topographical map skills in real life?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
-Local area map
-Drawing materials
-Graph paper
-Rulers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
-Topographical maps
-Library resources
-Survey office resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
-Blocks of wood
-Pictures of landforms
-Marker pens
-Digital resources
- Sketch map evaluation -Practical assessment -Observation
6 2
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Internal Land Forming Processes - Horizontal Earth Movements
Internal Land Forming Processes - Vertical Earth Movements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe horizontal earth movements
-Explain how tensional, compressional, and shear forces affect crustal rocks
-Appreciate how horizontal movements shape the landscape
- Learners study diagrams showing forces causing horizontal movements of crustal rocks
-Learners discuss what happens to crustal rocks when subjected to different forces
-Learners identify natural environments formed as a result of horizontal earth movements
What causes horizontal earth movements?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80
-Diagrams of earth movements
-Clay or plasticine
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Oral questions -Demonstrations -Written assignments
6 3
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Internal Land Forming Processes - Causes of Earth Movements
Internal Land Forming Processes - Continental Drift Theory
Internal Land Forming Processes - Plate Tectonics Theory
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify causes of earth movements
-Explain how different factors lead to earth movements
-Appreciate the role of earth movements in landscape formation
- Learners study diagrams showing causes of earth movements such as molten magma, isostatic movement, and gravitational force
-In groups, learners draw diagrams showing causes of earth movements
-Learners match causes of earth movements with their explanations
What factors lead to earth movements?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83
-Diagrams showing causes of earth movements
-Drawing materials
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85
-Flow charts
-World maps
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 86
-World map showing major plates
-Cardboard or manila paper
- Oral questions -Diagram evaluation -Matching exercise
6 4
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Internal Land Forming Processes - Formation of Rift Valley
Internal Land Forming Processes - Formation of Block Mountains
Internal Land Forming Processes - Formation of Tilt Blocks
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the formation of Rift Valley by tensional forces
-Illustrate the formation of Rift Valley
-Appreciate the role of faulting in the formation of Rift Valley
- Learners study diagrams showing the formation of Rift Valley by tensional forces
-Learners draw diagrams showing the stages in the formation of Rift Valley
-Learners discuss how Rift Valley is formed by tensional forces
How is the Rift Valley formed by tensional forces?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 88
-Diagrams showing formation of Rift Valley
-Drawing materials
-Clay or plasticine
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 89
-Old carton boxes
-Manila papers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
-Diagrams showing formation of tilt blocks
- Oral questions -Diagram evaluation -Written tests
7

Midterm break

8 1
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Internal Land Forming Processes - Formation of Escarpments
Internal Land Forming Processes - Types of Faults
Internal Land Forming Processes - Effects of Faulting
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the formation of escarpments
-Illustrate the formation of escarpments
-Appreciate the role of faulting in the formation of escarpments
- Learners study diagrams showing the formation of escarpments
-Learners discuss how tensional forces create parallel faults leading to escarpment formation
-Learners illustrate the formation of escarpments in their notebooks
How are escarpments formed?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
-Diagrams showing formation of escarpments
-Drawing materials
-Clay or plasticine
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 91
-Wooden blocks
-Digital devices
-Video clips
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 92
-Digital resources
-Research materials
-Role play materials
- Oral questions -Illustration assessment -Written tests
8 2
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Internal Land Forming Processes - Landscape and Human Activities
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Identification
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - River Tana Projects
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the landscape in their locality
-Explain how the landscape affects human activities
-Create awareness on conservation of features formed by faulting
- Learners discuss how the landscape in their locality affects human activities
-Learners create posters or charts on the conservation of features formed as a result of faulting
-Learners take walks in their locality to identify the shape of the landscape
How does the landscape influence human activities in our locality?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 93
-Local environment
-Poster materials
-Chart paper
-Drawing materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
-Map of Africa
-Digital devices
-Pictures of dams
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
-Digital resources
-Pictures of River Tana
- Oral questions -Poster evaluation -Observation
8 3
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Aswan High Dam
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Economic Importance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline the conditions that led to the establishment of Aswan High Dam
-Compare the establishment conditions of River Tana Projects and Aswan High Dam
-Appreciate the importance of considering various factors before establishing river projects
- Learners study a map of Africa showing the location of Aswan High Dam
-Learners draw or trace the map of Africa and locate the Aswan High Dam
-In groups, learners compare the conditions that led to the establishment of Aswan High Dam and River Tana Projects
What conditions led to the establishment of Aswan High Dam?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
-Map of Africa
-Drawing materials
-Digital resources
-Pictures of Aswan High Dam
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
-Pictures of river projects
-Chart paper
- Oral questions -Comparison charts -Written assignments
8 4
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Challenges
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Solutions to Challenges
Multi-purpose River Projects in Africa - Importance to Society
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Assess challenges facing multi-purpose river projects in Africa
-Explain how factors like flooding, siltation, drought affect river projects
-Recognize the need to address challenges facing river projects
- Learners discuss what happens to local communities when governments plan to build dams
-Learners explain the effects of flooding, siltation, and drought on dams
-In pairs, learners identify challenges facing River Tana Projects and Aswan High Dam
What challenges face multi-purpose river projects in Africa?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
-Digital resources
-Chart paper
-Pictures showing challenges
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
-Pictures of dredgers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102
-Speech writing materials
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Group presentations
9 1
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Distinction
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Degradation Factors
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Effects of Degradation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Distinguish between management of the environment and conservation of the environment
-Explain the key differences between management and conservation
-Appreciate the importance of both management and conservation
- Learners study pictures showing management and conservation of the environment
-In groups, learners distinguish between management of the environment and conservation of the environment
-Learners discuss key differences and write them in their notebooks
Why is it important to conserve degraded environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105
-Pictures showing environmental management and conservation
-Digital resources
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 106
-Pictures showing environmental degradation
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
-Pictures showing effects of degradation
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Group presentations
9 2
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Conservation Measures
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Practical Applications
Management and Conservation of the Environment - Project Planning
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Design measures to manage and conserve the environment in the community
-Explain different conservation approaches
-Appreciate the importance of conservation efforts
- Learners study pictures showing measures taken to manage and conserve the environment
-Learners design measures they would propose to community members on managing and conserving the environment
-Learners organize themselves in groups and choose activities to conserve the environment
What measures can we take to conserve our environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
-Pictures of conservation measures
-Digital resources
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110
-Local materials for dustbins
-Tree seedlings
-Gardening tools
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 111
-Project planning materials
-Poster materials
- Oral questions -Design evaluation -Group presentations
9 3
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
World Heritage Sites in Africa - Identification
World Heritage Sites in Africa - Cultural Heritage
World Heritage Sites in Africa - Conservation Measures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the selected world heritage sites in Africa
-Locate world heritage sites on a map of Africa
-Appreciate the existence of world heritage sites in Africa
- Learners read a story about various world heritage sites in Africa
-Learners identify five world heritage sites from the passage and name their locations
-Learners discuss the features of different world heritage sites
Why is it important to conserve the world heritage sites?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 112
-Map of Africa
-Digital resources
-Pictures of heritage sites
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
-Song composition materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 114
-Field visit materials
-Clean-up materials
- Oral questions -Identification assessment -Written assignments
9 4
NATURAL AND HISTORIC BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
World Heritage Sites in Africa - Conservation Strategies
World Heritage Sites in Africa - Global Significance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply critical thinking skills in conserving heritage sites within the locality
-Create posters with information on heritage site conservation
-Value the need to preserve heritage sites for future generations
- Learners study the measures designed by Grade 9 learners to conserve heritage sites in their locality
-Learners create posters with the information showing measures to conserve world heritage sites
-Learners compose poems on the importance of world heritage sites
How can communities participate in heritage site conservation?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
-Poster materials
-Digital resources
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 116
-Card making materials
-Pictures of heritage sites
- Poster evaluation -Poem assessment -Observation
10 1
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
The Constitution of Kenya - Stages in Constitution-Making
The Constitution of Kenya - Stages Arrangement
The Constitution of Kenya - Importance of Understanding
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the stages in the constitution-making process in Kenya
-Explain what happens in each stage of the constitution-making process
-Appreciate the need for following a process in constitution-making
- Learners study pictures showing constitution-making process in Kenya
-Learners identify stages like collection of views, constitutional conferences, referendum, and promulgation
-Learners use digital devices or textbooks to research on the stages in the constitution-making process
Why is constitution-making process in Kenya important?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 118
-Digital devices
-Pictures of constitution-making process
-The Constitution of Kenya
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 119
-Poster materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Written tests -Observation
10 2
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
The Constitution of Kenya - Role of Parliament
The Constitution of Kenya - Role of Citizens
The Constitution of Kenya - Citizen Participation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the role of parliament in constitution-making process
-Explain how parliamentary debates contribute to constitution-making
-Value the importance of parliament in democratic governance
- Learners study pictures showing parliamentary sessions
-Learners watch video clips on parliamentary debates about constitution-making process
-Learners discuss the role of parliament in constitution-making
How does the parliament contribute to constitution-making?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
-Digital devices
-Video clips
-Pictures of parliamentary sessions
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 122
-Pictures of citizens' participation
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123
-Chart materials
-Debate materials
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Video analysis
10 3
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
The Constitution of Kenya - Participating in Process
The Constitution of Kenya - Class Constitution
The Constitution of Kenya - Defending the Constitution
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Participate in the constitution-making process in community
-Role-play constitution-making process
-Appreciate the importance of active participation in civic processes
- Learners study pictures showing citizens participating in constitution-making
-Learners role-play a constitution-making process with some playing citizens and others playing commissioners
-Learners give views on issues they need addressed in the constitution
How can we actively participate in constitution-making?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123
-Role-play materials
-Digital devices
-The Constitution of Kenya
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
-Writing materials
-Chart paper
-Display board
- Role-play evaluation -Oral questions -Observation
10 4
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Civic Engagement - Individual Activities
Civic Engagement - Collective Activities
Civic Engagement - Creating Awareness
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify individual civic engagement activities in Kenya
-Explain how individual activities promote democracy
-Appreciate the importance of individual civic participation
- Learners read slogans about individual civic engagement activities
-Learners explain individual civic engagement activities from the slogans
-Learners write essays on individual civic engagement activities in their community
How does civic engagement promote good governance in the country?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 125
-Slogans on civic engagement
-Digital devices
-The Constitution of Kenya
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 126
-Pictures of civic activities
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
-Poster materials
-Internet resources
-Civic journals
- Oral questions -Essay evaluation -Written tests
11 1
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Civic Engagement - Political Parties
Civic Engagement - Democratic Governance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the role of political parties in democratic governance
-Explain how political parties promote democratic values
-Appreciate the contribution of political parties to governance
- Learners read a conversation about the role of political parties in democratic governance
-Learners identify how political parties promote national unity and democracy
-In groups, learners name political parties in Kenya and discuss how they promote democratic governance
How do political parties contribute to democratic governance?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 128
-Digital devices
-Newspapers
-Political party manifestos
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 129
-Debate materials
-Political party information
- Oral questions -Group presentations -Written assignments
11 2
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Civic Engagement - Elective Positions
Civic Engagement - Electoral Positions
Civic Engagement - School Elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline positions vied for in a general election in Kenya
-Identify leaders holding different elective positions
-Appreciate the electoral system in Kenya
- Learners study pictures showing voting activities
-Learners identify positions being vied for as shown in ballot boxes
-Learners read articles about elective positions in Kenya
-Learners name leaders holding different elective positions
What are the elective positions in Kenya's governance system?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 130
-Pictures of ballot boxes
-Digital devices
-Newspaper articles
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 131
-Diagram templates
-The Constitution of Kenya
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132
-Election materials
-Ballot boxes
-Campaign materials
- Oral questions -Written tests -Observation
11 3
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Civic Engagement - Promoting Values
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Understanding
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Research
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compose poems on promoting values in school
-Recite poems during school events
-Value integrity, peace, and social justice
- Learners compose poems on promoting values like integrity, peace, and social justice
-Learners recite poems during school events
-Learners take part in local civic engagement activities
How can we promote civic values in our community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132
-Poem composition materials
-Digital devices
-Community resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 133
-The Constitution of Kenya
-Pictures showing human rights
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 134
-Chart paper
- Poem evaluation -Recitation assessment -Participation observation
11 4
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Special Groups
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Protection of Special Groups
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Application
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine human rights of special groups for promotion of social justice and inclusivity
-Identify rights of elderly, refugees, and migrants
-Appreciate the importance of protecting special groups
- Learners study pictures showing special groups like elderly, refugees, and migrants
-Learners discuss what makes these people special
-Learners identify the human rights of special groups promoted in the pictures
What special protections do vulnerable groups need?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 135
-Pictures of special groups
-The Constitution of Kenya
-Digital devices
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 136
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 137
-Case studies
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Group presentations
12 1
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Assertiveness
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Empathy for Special Groups
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Strategies for Protection
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Develop assertiveness necessary in standing up for human rights
-Role play situations demonstrating assertiveness
-Value the importance of standing up for rights
- Learners role play situations that bring out assertiveness in standing up for human rights
-Learners compose poems or songs that bring out assertiveness in standing up for human rights
-Learners create declarations to stand up for human rights
How can we develop assertiveness in defending human rights?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 138
-Role play materials
-Digital devices
-Song/poem composition materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 139
-Pictures showing empathy
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 140
-Table templates
-The Constitution of Kenya
- Role play assessment -Song/poem evaluation -Declaration quality
12 2
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Kenya's Bill of Rights - Practical Application
Cultural Globalisation - Global Recognition
Cultural Globalisation - Kenyan Cultural Items
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify values that promote human rights
-Explain how these values promote respect for human rights
-Embrace respect for human rights in society
- Learners identify values from a "fruit tree" that promote human rights
-Learners explain how the values picked promote respect for human rights in society
-Learners visit nearby homes for the elderly to learn about human rights promotion
How do values translate into human rights protection?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141
-Human rights "fruit tree" diagram
-Digital devices
-Nearby homes for elderly
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 142
-Pictures of Kenyan cultural items
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 143
-Pictures of cultural items
-Cultural artifacts
- Oral questions -Value explanation assessment -Visit reports
12 3
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Cultural Globalisation - African Cultural Practices
Cultural Globalisation - African Philosophies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine African cultural practices in promoting a common humanity
-Identify practices that enhance cultural globalisation
-Appreciate how cultural practices promote common humanity
- Learners study pictures showing African cultural practices
-Learners examine how the practices enhance cultural globalisation and common humanity
-Learners discuss how they promote humanity in school, home, and community
How do African cultural practices promote common humanity?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144
-Pictures of cultural practices
-Digital devices
-Cultural artifacts
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 145
-Research materials
-Cultural information
- Oral questions -Written assignments -Group discussions
12 4
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND GOVERNANCE
Cultural Globalisation - Cultural Preservation
Cultural Globalisation - Healthy Relationships
Cultural Globalisation - Speeches on Cultural Relationships
Cultural Globalisation - Global Citizenship
Cultural Globalisation - International Cultural Exchange
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore ways of preserving cultural elements that promotes global citizenship
-Plan for preservation of cultural elements
-Value the importance of cultural preservation
- Learners visit local cultural centers with teacher guidance
-Learners prepare materials to preserve cultural elements that promote global citizenship
-Learners establish cultural museum centers in class
How can we preserve cultural elements that promote global citizenship?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 146
-Cultural preservation materials
-Digital devices
-Local cultural centers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 147
-Pictures of cultural activities
-Chart paper
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 148
-Speech texts
-Chart materials
-Research materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 149
-Road map diagrams
-Poster materials
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 150
-Debate materials
-Documentation materials
- Oral questions -Museum quality assessment -Participation observation

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