LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION (NUTRITION)

Computation of animal feeds. Trial and error method. Pearson?s Square method.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state advantages and disadvantages of trial and error method of computing animal feeds.
To compute livestock rations using Pearson?s Square method.

Q/A and brief discussion.

Exposition- Teacher explains the procedure of computing livestock ration using Pearson?s Square method.
Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.

Calculators..

KLB BK II Pg 176-178

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION (NUTRITION)

General process of digestion.
Digestion in non-ruminants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the general process of digestion.

Detailed discuss ion of digestion in the mouth, stomach, small intestines and colon.

illustrative diagram of General digestive system.
illustrative diagrams  of Specific digestive
systems.

KLB BK II Pg 179-185

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION (NUTRITION)
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Digestion in Ruminants.
Reproduction and Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System (Bull)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the components of the stomach.
To state the functions of each compartment.
To state differences and similarities between digestive systems of ruminants and non-ruminants.

Students observe the four compartments of a ruminant?s stomach.
Discussion: Structure and functions of each compartment.
Q/A: Students highlight differences and similarities between ruminants and non-ruminants.

diagram digestive system of a cow,
Pieces of stomach compartments of a cow.
Charts showing fertilization process. Student textbooks. Diagrams of reproductive cells.
Charts of bull reproductive system. Colored pencils for drawing. Real specimens if available. Textbooks.

KLB BK II Pg 187-8

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Female Reproductive System (Cow)
Pregnancy, Parturition and Birth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of cow's reproductive system. Draw and label the reproductive system of a cow. Describe functions of ovaries and fallopian tubes. Explain the oestrous cycle and ovulation.

Drawing and labeling cow's reproductive system. Discussion on hormone roles (oestrogen, FSH). Explanation of 21-day cycle. Brief discussion on system functions.

Charts of cow reproductive system. Models if available. Drawing materials. Hormone function charts.
Gestation period charts. Pictures of animals at birth. Drawing materials. Chart showing proper presentation.

KLB BK III Pgs 4-5

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Reproductive System in Poultry
Breeding Stock Selection
Methods of Selecting Breeding Stock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of hen's reproductive system. Draw and label the oviduct system. State functions of parts of reproductive system. Describe egg formation process.

Drawing and labeling hen's reproductive system. Discussion on egg formation stages. Demonstration of egg structure. Brief discussion on system functions.

Charts of hen's reproductive system. Real eggs for dissection. Drawing materials. Magnifying glasses.
Pictures of different animal breeds. Breeding record books. Charts on selection criteria. Video clips of livestock.
Selection records. Breeding program examples. Charts showing selection methods. Textbook references.

KLB BK III Pgs 6-8

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding and Reasons for Breeding
Breeding Systems - Inbreeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for breeding. Define terms related to breeding. Explain breeding objectives. Discuss genetic manipulation concepts.

Probing questions on breeding importance. Exposition of new concepts related to breeding. Discussion on breeding objectives. Brief discussion on genetic improvement.

Pictures of improved breeds. Breeding success stories. Charts on genetic improvement. Local breed examples.
Pedigree charts. Inbreeding examples. Family tree diagrams. Breeding outcome examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 12-16

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Breeding Systems - Outbreeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for outbreeding. State advantages and disadvantages of outbreeding. Explain outcrossing, crossbreeding and upgrading. Compare breeding systems.

Exposition of outbreeding concepts. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on types of outbreeding. Examples of upgrading programs.

Breed comparison charts. Crossbreeding examples. Upgrading demonstration materials. Comparison charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 18-19

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Signs of Heat in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of heat in cattle, pigs and rabbits. Explain heat detection methods. Discuss optimal timing for mating. Compare heat periods in different species.

Brainstorming on heat signs. Brief discussion on species differences. Video observation of animals in heat. Discussion with questioning.

Video clips of animals showing heat signs. Heat detection charts. Species comparison charts. Observation worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 19-20

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination
Embryo Transplant

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of natural mating. State advantages and disadvantages of artificial insemination. Compare natural mating with AI. Describe AI process.

Discussion on natural mating benefits and limitations. Brief discussion on AI advantages. Discussion with questioning on AI process. Demonstration using models and charts.

Pictures of breeding males. AI equipment models. Comparison charts. Artificial vagina demonstration models.
Embryo transfer demonstration materials. Technology requirement charts. Cost analysis sheets. Advanced breeding technology examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 20-23

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Parturition in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of parturition in cows, sows and does. Describe normal birth process. Recognize emergency situations. Explain management during parturition.

Brainstorming on parturition signs. Brief discussion on birth management. Discussion on emergency procedures. Written exercise on parturition.

Pictures of animals about to give birth. Parturition sign identification charts. Emergency procedure charts. Management protocol worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 24-25

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Routine Livestock Rearing Practices - Feeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define flushing and steaming up. Give reasons for flushing and steaming up. Describe creep feeding of piglets, lambs, kids and kindlings. State time periods for steaming up in different animals.

Exposition of new concepts on feeding practices. Discussion on importance of flushing. Probing questions on creep feeding. Brief discussion on feeding management.

Chart showing feeding practices. Student textbooks. Feeding time tables. Pictures of young animals feeding.

KLB BK III Pgs 27-31

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Vaccination and Deworming
Hoof Trimming and Docking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of good vaccines. Give examples of common vaccines. Explain reasons for deworming and docking. Describe vaccination programs and deworming procedures.

Exposition of vaccination concepts. Discussion on vaccine properties. Brainstorming on deworming importance. Brief discussion on parasite control.

Sample vaccines pictures. Sample dewormers pictures. Vaccination charts. Deworming equipment pictures.
Tools used in hoof trimming pictures. Docking equipment pictures. Charts showing procedures. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 32-36

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dipping, Spraying and Dusting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dipping, spraying and dusting. Identify equipment used for each method. Compare advantages of different methods. Explain proper application procedures.

Discussion with questioning on parasite control. Brief discussion on equipment types. Exposition of application methods. Question and answer session.

Cattle dip pictures. Spraying equipment pictures. Dusting equipment pictures. Parasite control charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 38-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Breeding-related Practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify practices related to breeding. Explain crutching and ringing procedures. Describe tupping and serving ratios. Define raddling and its importance.

Exposition of breeding practices. Brief discussion on wool cutting procedures. Discussion on mating ratios. Probing questions on identification methods.

Breeding practice charts. Wool shears pictures. Breeding ratio tables. Raddling demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 40-41

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Identification of Livestock - Branding and Ear Tagging

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for identifying animals. Outline various methods of identification. Describe branding procedures and precautions. Explain ear tagging methods and advantages.

Brainstorming on identification importance. Brief discussion on branding methods. Discussion on ear tagging procedures. Question and answer session.

Branding equipment pictures. Ear tagging tools pictures. Identification charts. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Identification Methods - Ear Notching and Tattooing
Debeaking, Tooth Clipping and Culling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe ear notching patterns and values. Explain tattooing procedures. Compare different identification methods. Discuss suitability for different animals.

Discussion on notching patterns. Exposition of tattooing procedures. Comparison of identification methods. Brief discussion on method selection.

Ear notching charts. Tattooing equipment pictures. Method comparison tables. Animal suitability guides.
Debeaking tools pictures. Tooth clipping equipment. Culling criteria charts. Good vs poor producer comparisons.

KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dehorning Methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dehorning. Identify methods of dehorning. Identify tools used for dehorning. Describe procedures for different methods.

Question and answer on dehorning importance. Brief discussion on safety considerations. Discussion on tool selection. Exposition of procedures.

Dehorning tools pictures. Method demonstration charts. Safety equipment pictures. Procedure step charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 47-48

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Castration and Caponisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for castrating animals. Outline methods of castration. Describe open and closed methods. Explain caponisation process in poultry.

Brainstorming on castration importance. Brief discussion on methods comparison. Discussion on surgical procedures. Exposition of caponisation.

Castration tools pictures. Method comparison charts. Surgical equipment pictures. Hormone treatment information.

KLB BK III Pgs 49-52

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Management During Parturition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline management practices during parturition. Identify signs of farrowing in different animals. Describe drift and pen lambing. Explain preparation for kidding and calving.

Brainstorming on parturition management. Exposition of management practices. Detailed discussion on different species. Question and answer session.

Parturition management charts. Species-specific guides. Preparation checklists. Management protocol sheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 52-56

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Keeping - Importance and Bee Colony
Types of Hives and Stocking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of bee keeping. Identify members of a bee colony. Describe the life cycle of a bee. State factors considered when siting an apiary.

Brain storming on bee keeping benefits. Detailed discussion on bee types. Exposition of life cycle stages. Discussion on apiary location factors.

Different types of bees pictures. Life cycle charts. Apiary location guides. Bee colony structure diagrams.
Different hive types pictures. Stocking equipment pictures. Hive comparison charts. Procedure demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 56-60

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Management and Honey Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for feeding bees. Identify pests and diseases affecting bees. Cite reasons for swarming of bees. Describe honey harvesting process and equipment.

Discussion on bee feeding importance. Brief discussion on pest control. Exposition of swarming causes. Detailed discussion on harvesting procedures.

Bee feeding equipment pictures. Pest identification charts. Honey harvesting tools pictures. Processing equipment demonstrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 66-72

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of fish keeping. Identify requirements for fish farming. Describe selection of suitable sites. Explain pond construction procedures.

Brain storming on fish farming benefits. Discussion on site requirements. Exposition of pond construction. Brief discussion on management practices.

Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 72-73

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline practices for stocking, feeding and harvesting fish. Describe cropping procedures. Explain fish preservation methods. Discuss pond maintenance practices.

Brief discussion on stocking procedures. Probing questions on feeding management. Discussion on harvesting methods. Exposition of preservation techniques.

Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 77-80

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures
Types of Construction Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.

Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.
Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of stones, concrete and mud blocks. Explain preparation of concrete blocks. State ratios for concrete mixture. Outline advantages of each material type.

Exposition of material preparation. Discussion on concrete ratios. Brief discussion on material properties. Demonstration using charts and samples.

Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of metals used in construction. Describe timber treatment methods. Explain chemical treatment procedures. State advantages of treated materials.

Discussion on metal types and uses. Exposition of timber treatment methods. Brief discussion on chemical treatment. Question and answer on treatment benefits.

Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Parts of a Building - Foundation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State purpose of building foundation. Describe foundation establishment procedures. Explain factors affecting foundation depth. Identify materials used in foundation construction.

Brain storming on foundation importance. Exposition of foundation establishment. Discussion on foundation requirements. Brief discussion on construction procedures.

Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof
Livestock Structures - Crushes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of building walls. Describe wall construction procedures. Explain roof structure components. State functions of different roof parts.

Discussion on wall construction. Exposition of roof components. Brief discussion on construction techniques. Question and answer on structural functions.

Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.
Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of a plunge dip. State advantages and disadvantages of plunge dips. Describe construction materials needed. Explain maintenance requirements for dips.

Exposition of plunge dip components. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on construction materials. Question and answer on maintenance.

Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare Machakos dip with plunge dip. Describe spray race components. State advantages of spray race over dips. Explain operational requirements for spray systems.

Discussion on dip type comparison. Exposition of spray race components. Brief discussion on operational advantages. Question and answer on system requirements.

Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units
Livestock Structures - Calf Pens

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of milking shed. Describe zero grazing unit components. State structural requirements for dairy facilities. Explain maintenance needs for dairy structures.

Brain storming on dairy facility needs. Discussion on structural components. Exposition of maintenance requirements. Brief discussion on facility design.

Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.
Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105

FARM STRUCTURES

Poultry Houses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of poultry houses. Describe structural requirements for poultry housing. State construction materials for poultry structures. Explain ventilation requirements in poultry houses.

Brain storming on poultry housing types. Discussion on structural requirements. Exposition of construction materials. Brief discussion on ventilation needs.

Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Piggery Units and Rabbitry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of piggery unit. Describe structural requirements for pig housing. Explain rabbit housing systems. State construction materials for small livestock housing.

Discussion on pig housing components. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on rabbit housing systems. Question and answer on construction materials.

Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Fish Ponds and Bee Hives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fish pond construction procedures. State factors considered when siting fish ponds. Identify types of bee hives. Explain construction requirements for KTBH.

Brain storming on aquaculture structures. Discussion on fish pond construction. Exposition of bee hive types. Brief discussion on KTBH construction.

Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Farm Stores and Silos
Fences - Types and Construction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State structural requirements for farm stores. Describe different types of storage structures. Explain construction of silos and Cyprus bins. State maintenance requirements for storage structures.

Discussion on storage structure needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on silo construction. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.
Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Wire Fences and Live Fences
Green Houses and Nursery Structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment of wire fences. Explain advantages and disadvantages of live fences. State maintenance requirements for different fence types. Compare wire fences with live fences.

Discussion on wire fence establishment. Exposition of live fence characteristics. Brief discussion on maintenance needs. Question and answer on fence comparison.

Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.
Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130