LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Signs of Heat in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of heat in cattle, pigs and rabbits. Explain heat detection methods. Discuss optimal timing for mating. Compare heat periods in different species.

Brainstorming on heat signs. Brief discussion on species differences. Video observation of animals in heat. Discussion with questioning.

Video clips of animals showing heat signs. Heat detection charts. Species comparison charts. Observation worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 19-20

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination
Embryo Transplant

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of natural mating. State advantages and disadvantages of artificial insemination. Compare natural mating with AI. Describe AI process.

Discussion on natural mating benefits and limitations. Brief discussion on AI advantages. Discussion with questioning on AI process. Demonstration using models and charts.

Pictures of breeding males. AI equipment models. Comparison charts. Artificial vagina demonstration models.
Embryo transfer demonstration materials. Technology requirement charts. Cost analysis sheets. Advanced breeding technology examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 20-23

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III (SELECTION AND BREEDING)

Parturition in Livestock

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify signs of parturition in cows, sows and does. Describe normal birth process. Recognize emergency situations. Explain management during parturition.

Brainstorming on parturition signs. Brief discussion on birth management. Discussion on emergency procedures. Written exercise on parturition.

Pictures of animals about to give birth. Parturition sign identification charts. Emergency procedure charts. Management protocol worksheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 24-25

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Routine Livestock Rearing Practices - Feeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define flushing and steaming up. Give reasons for flushing and steaming up. Describe creep feeding of piglets, lambs, kids and kindlings. State time periods for steaming up in different animals.

Exposition of new concepts on feeding practices. Discussion on importance of flushing. Probing questions on creep feeding. Brief discussion on feeding management.

Chart showing feeding practices. Student textbooks. Feeding time tables. Pictures of young animals feeding.

KLB BK III Pgs 27-31

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Vaccination and Deworming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of good vaccines. Give examples of common vaccines. Explain reasons for deworming and docking. Describe vaccination programs and deworming procedures.

Exposition of vaccination concepts. Discussion on vaccine properties. Brainstorming on deworming importance. Brief discussion on parasite control.

Sample vaccines pictures. Sample dewormers pictures. Vaccination charts. Deworming equipment pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 32-36

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Hoof Trimming and Docking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for hoof trimming. Identify tools used in hoof trimming. Explain reasons for docking. Outline methods used in docking.

Brainstorming on hoof trimming importance. Brief discussion on tools and equipment. Discussion on docking methods. Exposition of procedures.

Tools used in hoof trimming pictures. Docking equipment pictures. Charts showing procedures. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 36-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dipping, Spraying and Dusting
Breeding-related Practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dipping, spraying and dusting. Identify equipment used for each method. Compare advantages of different methods. Explain proper application procedures.

Discussion with questioning on parasite control. Brief discussion on equipment types. Exposition of application methods. Question and answer session.

Cattle dip pictures. Spraying equipment pictures. Dusting equipment pictures. Parasite control charts.
Breeding practice charts. Wool shears pictures. Breeding ratio tables. Raddling demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 38-40

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Identification of Livestock - Branding and Ear Tagging

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for identifying animals. Outline various methods of identification. Describe branding procedures and precautions. Explain ear tagging methods and advantages.

Brainstorming on identification importance. Brief discussion on branding methods. Discussion on ear tagging procedures. Question and answer session.

Branding equipment pictures. Ear tagging tools pictures. Identification charts. Before and after pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Identification Methods - Ear Notching and Tattooing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe ear notching patterns and values. Explain tattooing procedures. Compare different identification methods. Discuss suitability for different animals.

Discussion on notching patterns. Exposition of tattooing procedures. Comparison of identification methods. Brief discussion on method selection.

Ear notching charts. Tattooing equipment pictures. Method comparison tables. Animal suitability guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 41-44

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Debeaking, Tooth Clipping and Culling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for debeaking and tooth clipping. Describe procedures for each practice. Give reasons for culling animals. Cite basis of culling animals.

Question and answer on poultry management. Brief discussion on piglet management. Brainstorming on culling importance. Exposition of culling criteria.

Debeaking tools pictures. Tooth clipping equipment. Culling criteria charts. Good vs poor producer comparisons.

KLB BK III Pgs 45-46

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Dehorning Methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for dehorning. Identify methods of dehorning. Identify tools used for dehorning. Describe procedures for different methods.

Question and answer on dehorning importance. Brief discussion on safety considerations. Discussion on tool selection. Exposition of procedures.

Dehorning tools pictures. Method demonstration charts. Safety equipment pictures. Procedure step charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 47-48

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Castration and Caponisation
Management During Parturition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for castrating animals. Outline methods of castration. Describe open and closed methods. Explain caponisation process in poultry.

Brainstorming on castration importance. Brief discussion on methods comparison. Discussion on surgical procedures. Exposition of caponisation.

Castration tools pictures. Method comparison charts. Surgical equipment pictures. Hormone treatment information.
Parturition management charts. Species-specific guides. Preparation checklists. Management protocol sheets.

KLB BK III Pgs 49-52

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Keeping - Importance and Bee Colony

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of bee keeping. Identify members of a bee colony. Describe the life cycle of a bee. State factors considered when siting an apiary.

Brain storming on bee keeping benefits. Detailed discussion on bee types. Exposition of life cycle stages. Discussion on apiary location factors.

Different types of bees pictures. Life cycle charts. Apiary location guides. Bee colony structure diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 56-60

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Types of Hives and Stocking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of hives. Outline methods used to stock a hive. Describe advantages of different hive types. Explain bee stocking procedures.

Brief discussion on hive types. Discussion with questioning on stocking methods. Exposition of hive advantages. Question and answer on procedures.

Different hive types pictures. Stocking equipment pictures. Hive comparison charts. Procedure demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 60-65

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Management and Honey Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for feeding bees. Identify pests and diseases affecting bees. Cite reasons for swarming of bees. Describe honey harvesting process and equipment.

Discussion on bee feeding importance. Brief discussion on pest control. Exposition of swarming causes. Detailed discussion on harvesting procedures.

Bee feeding equipment pictures. Pest identification charts. Honey harvesting tools pictures. Processing equipment demonstrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 66-72

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements
Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of fish keeping. Identify requirements for fish farming. Describe selection of suitable sites. Explain pond construction procedures.

Brain storming on fish farming benefits. Discussion on site requirements. Exposition of pond construction. Brief discussion on management practices.

Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.
Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 72-73

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.

Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84

FARM STRUCTURES

Types of Construction Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of construction materials. State advantages and disadvantages of different materials. Explain selection criteria for materials. Describe properties of construction materials.

Discussion on material types. Exposition of material properties. Brief discussion on selection criteria. Question and answer on material advantages.

Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of stones, concrete and mud blocks. Explain preparation of concrete blocks. State ratios for concrete mixture. Outline advantages of each material type.

Exposition of material preparation. Discussion on concrete ratios. Brief discussion on material properties. Demonstration using charts and samples.

Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of metals used in construction. Describe timber treatment methods. Explain chemical treatment procedures. State advantages of treated materials.

Discussion on metal types and uses. Exposition of timber treatment methods. Brief discussion on chemical treatment. Question and answer on treatment benefits.

Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Parts of a Building - Foundation
Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State purpose of building foundation. Describe foundation establishment procedures. Explain factors affecting foundation depth. Identify materials used in foundation construction.

Brain storming on foundation importance. Exposition of foundation establishment. Discussion on foundation requirements. Brief discussion on construction procedures.

Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.
Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Crushes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give examples of livestock structures. State uses of crushes in livestock management. Describe crush construction requirements. Explain siting factors for crushes.

Brain storming on livestock structure uses. Discussion on crush importance. Exposition of construction requirements. Brief discussion on maintenance needs.

Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of a plunge dip. State advantages and disadvantages of plunge dips. Describe construction materials needed. Explain maintenance requirements for dips.

Exposition of plunge dip components. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Brief discussion on construction materials. Question and answer on maintenance.

Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare Machakos dip with plunge dip. Describe spray race components. State advantages of spray race over dips. Explain operational requirements for spray systems.

Discussion on dip type comparison. Exposition of spray race components. Brief discussion on operational advantages. Question and answer on system requirements.

Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of milking shed. Describe zero grazing unit components. State structural requirements for dairy facilities. Explain maintenance needs for dairy structures.

Brain storming on dairy facility needs. Discussion on structural components. Exposition of maintenance requirements. Brief discussion on facility design.

Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Calf Pens
Poultry Houses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify structural requirements for calf pens. Describe different calf pen designs. State factors affecting calf pen construction. Explain maintenance needs for calf housing.

Discussion on calf housing needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on design variations. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.
Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105

FARM STRUCTURES

Piggery Units and Rabbitry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of piggery unit. Describe structural requirements for pig housing. Explain rabbit housing systems. State construction materials for small livestock housing.

Discussion on pig housing components. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on rabbit housing systems. Question and answer on construction materials.

Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Fish Ponds and Bee Hives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fish pond construction procedures. State factors considered when siting fish ponds. Identify types of bee hives. Explain construction requirements for KTBH.

Brain storming on aquaculture structures. Discussion on fish pond construction. Exposition of bee hive types. Brief discussion on KTBH construction.

Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Farm Stores and Silos

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State structural requirements for farm stores. Describe different types of storage structures. Explain construction of silos and Cyprus bins. State maintenance requirements for storage structures.

Discussion on storage structure needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on silo construction. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Fences - Types and Construction
Wire Fences and Live Fences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of fences in the farm. Identify types of fences. Compare advantages and disadvantages of different fence types. Describe fence construction procedures.

Brain storming on fence importance. Discussion on fence types. Exposition of construction procedures. Brief discussion on fence selection criteria.

Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.
Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Green Houses and Nursery Structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline requirements for green house construction. Describe types of nursery structures. State factors considered when siting nursery structures. Explain construction materials for crop structures.

Brain storming on protected cultivation. Discussion on green house requirements. Exposition of nursery structure types. Brief discussion on construction materials.

Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 130-138

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Meaning of Land Tenure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term land tenure. Explain the concept of tenure security. Distinguish between customary and written laws. Identify factors influencing land tenure systems.

Exposition of new concepts on land tenure. Discussion on tenure security importance. Probing questions on land laws. Brief discussion on land rights.

Charts on land tenure concepts. Student textbooks. Land tenure system diagrams. Tenure security illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 140-142

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Collective Land Tenure System - Communal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of communal land tenure system. Describe characteristics of communal land ownership. Give examples of communities practicing communal tenure. Explain problems associated with communal systems.

Brain storming on communal land ownership. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Exposition of communal system characteristics. Question and answer on system problems.

Examples of communal land systems. Advantage/disadvantage charts. Community examples (Maasai). Problem identification guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 142-144

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Collective Land Tenure System - Co-operative and State

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of co-operative system. Describe state ownership of land. Give examples of co-operative land systems. Compare different collective tenure systems.

Discussion on co-operative land ownership. Exposition of state ownership systems. Brief discussion on examples. Comparison of collective systems.

Co-operative land examples. State land system charts. Comparison tables. ADC farm examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 142-144

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Individual Tenure System - Owner-operator
Individual Tenure System - Landlordism and Tenancy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of individual owner-operator. Describe characteristics of individual ownership. Explain freedom in production planning. Discuss tenure security benefits.

Brain storming on individual land ownership. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Exposition of ownership characteristics. Question and answer on production freedom.

Individual land ownership examples. Title deed samples. Production planning charts. Security benefit illustrations.
Lease agreement examples. Landlord-tenant relationship charts. Rent payment systems. Leasehold land examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 144-147

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Individual Tenure System - Concession/Company

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of concession or company systems. Describe estate and plantation systems. Give examples of company land ownership. Explain government-company agreements.

Brain storming on company land ownership. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Exposition of plantation systems. Brief discussion on concession agreements.

Company land examples. Estate system charts. Plantation examples (Delmonte). Government agreement illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 147-152

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Fragmentation and Sub-division of Land

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define land fragmentation and sub-division. State factors contributing to fragmentation. Explain effects of fragmentation on agriculture. Describe inheritance processes.

Discussion on land fragmentation concepts. Exposition of fragmentation factors. Brief discussion on agricultural effects. Question and answer on inheritance.

Fragmentation examples. Factor identification charts. Agricultural impact illustrations. Inheritance process guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 147-152

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Effects of Fragmentation and Sub-division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight effects of fragmentation and sub-division on agricultural development. Explain problems created by scattered holdings. Discuss difficulties in farm management. Identify challenges in extension services.

Brain storming on fragmentation problems. Discussion on management difficulties. Exposition of agricultural development effects. Brief discussion on extension challenges.

Fragmented land examples. Management problem charts. Development impact illustrations. Extension service challenges.

KLB BK III Pgs 147-152

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Land Reform - Meaning and Objectives
Land Consolidation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define land reform and its importance. Outline important objectives of land tenure reform. Explain land reform programmes. Describe integrated programmes for land control.

Exposition of land reform concepts. Discussion on reform objectives. Brief discussion on programme types. Question and answer on land control.

Land reform definition charts. Objective identification guides. Programme type illustrations. Land control examples.
Land consolidation examples. Process flow charts. Advantage identification guides. Consolidated farm illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Land Adjudication and Registration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss land adjudication and registration processes. State steps followed in land adjudication. Explain information contained in land register and title deed. State benefits of land title deed to farmers.

Discussion on adjudication process. Exposition of registration procedures. Brief discussion on title deed contents. Question and answer on farmer benefits.

Adjudication process charts. Title deed examples. Registration procedure guides. Farmer benefit illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Settlement and Resettlement

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define settlement and resettlement concepts. Outline objectives of land redistribution. Explain development of settlement schemes in Kenya. Describe requirements for success of settlement schemes.

Brain storming on settlement concepts. Discussion on redistribution objectives. Exposition of Kenyan settlement schemes. Brief discussion on success requirements.

Settlement scheme examples. Objective identification charts. Kenya settlement history. Success requirement guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Soil Erosion - Introduction and Factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define soil erosion and its types. Outline factors influencing soil erosion. Explain the difference between geological and accelerated erosion. State the role of human activities in soil erosion.

Exposition of soil erosion concepts. Discussion on erosion factors. Brain storming on human activities causing erosion. Question and answer on erosion types.

Charts showing soil erosion factors. Pictures of eroded areas. Erosion type illustrations. Factor identification guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 158-167

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Splash and Sheet

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe raindrop/splash erosion process. Explain sheet erosion characteristics. Identify factors affecting splash erosion. State conditions favoring sheet erosion.

Discussion on raindrop impact effects. Exposition of splash erosion process. Brief discussion on sheet erosion. Demonstration using charts and diagrams.

Raindrop impact diagrams. Sheet erosion illustrations. Splash pattern charts. Erosion process demonstrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Rill and Gully
Wind Erosion and Human Activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe rill erosion formation. Explain gully erosion development. Identify U-shaped and V-shaped gullies. State processes involved in gully formation.

Brain storming on channel erosion. Discussion on rill to gully progression. Exposition of gully formation processes. Question and answer on gully shapes.

Rill erosion pictures. Gully formation diagrams. U and V-shaped gully illustrations. Channel erosion process charts.
Wind erosion pictures. Dust storm illustrations. Human activity impact charts. Erosion-prone area maps.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Effects of Soil Erosion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight effects of soil erosion on agriculture. State effects on water bodies and infrastructure. Explain loss of soil micro-organisms. Discuss economic impacts of erosion.

Brain storming on erosion effects. Discussion on agricultural impacts. Exposition of infrastructure damage. Brief discussion on economic losses.

Erosion effect illustrations. Agricultural impact charts. Infrastructure damage pictures. Economic loss examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Riverbank Erosion and Solifluction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe riverbank erosion causes and effects. Explain solifluction erosion process. State control measures for riverbank erosion. Identify factors influencing mass wasting.

Discussion on riverbank erosion. Exposition of solifluction process. Brief discussion on control measures. Question and answer on mass wasting factors.

Riverbank erosion pictures. Solifluction diagrams. Control measure illustrations. Mass wasting factor charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 168-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Landslides and Mass Wasting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of landslides (slump, debris slide, rock fall). State effects of mass wasting. Explain causes of landslides. Describe prevention measures for mass movements.

Brain storming on landslide types. Discussion on mass wasting effects. Exposition of landslide causes. Brief discussion on prevention measures.

Landslide type illustrations. Mass wasting effect pictures. Cause identification charts. Prevention measure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 178-183

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Methods of Soil and Water Conservation - Biological Control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline methods of soil and water conservation. Describe grass strips and filter strips. Explain contour farming benefits. State advantages of mulching in conservation.

Discussion on conservation methods. Exposition of biological control measures. Brief discussion on contour farming. Question and answer on mulching benefits.

Conservation method charts. Grass strip illustrations. Contour farming pictures. Mulching demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 178-183

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Biological Control - Cropping Systems and Afforestation
Physical/Structural Control Measures - Trash Lines and Bunds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain cropping systems for conservation. Describe strip cropping methods. State roles of trees in soil conservation. Outline afforestation and reafforestation benefits.

Brain storming on cropping systems. Discussion on strip cropping. Exposition of tree roles in conservation. Brief discussion on afforestation benefits.

Cropping system diagrams. Strip cropping illustrations. Tree conservation role charts. Afforestation benefit guides.
Trash line construction pictures. Bund construction diagrams. Structural measure illustrations. Area suitability guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 183-188

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Physical Control - Cut-off Drains and Terraces

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe cut-off drains construction. Identify types of terraces (broad-based, narrow-based, bench, fanya juu). Explain terrace construction procedures. State advantages of different terrace types.

Brain storming on drainage systems. Discussion on terrace types. Exposition of construction procedures. Brief discussion on terrace advantages.

Cut-off drain diagrams. Terrace type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 183-188

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Water Harvesting Methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for conserving water. Outline methods of water harvesting. Describe construction of weirs, dams and ponds. Explain roof catchment and rock catchment systems.

Discussion on water conservation importance. Exposition of harvesting methods. Brief discussion on construction techniques. Question and answer on catchment systems.

Water harvesting method charts. Weir and dam construction diagrams. Roof catchment illustrations. Rock catchment system pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 188-190