Numbers

Whole Numbers - Place value and total value of digits up to tens of thousands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use place value of digits up to tens of thousands in daily life situations.
- Show interest in using place value in solving day to day activities.

- In pairs/groups, learners identify place value of numbers up to tens of thousands using place value apparatus.
-Learners practice identifying total values of digits up to ten thousand.

What do you consider when writing numbers in words?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 1
- Place value apparatus
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Total value of digits up to tens of thousands
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers up to 10,000 in symbols
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers up to 1,000 in words
Whole Numbers - Ordering numbers up to 1,000

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify total values of digits up to tens of thousands in daily life situations.
- Show interest in identifying total values of digits.

- In pairs, learners use place value charts to identify total values of digits up to ten thousand.
-Learners practice writing a 5-digit number and identifying the total value of each digit in the number.

Why do we determine the place value of a digit in a number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 5
- Place value apparatus
- Place value charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 6
- Number charts
- Abacus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 9
- Flash cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 12
- Number cards
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Rounding off numbers up to 1,000 to the nearest ten
Whole Numbers - Factors of numbers up to 50
Whole Numbers - Multiples of numbers up to 100
Whole Numbers - Multiples of numbers 6 to 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Round off numbers up to 1,000 to the nearest ten in different situations.
- Show interest in rounding off numbers.

- In pairs or groups or individually, learners round off numbers up to 1,000 to the nearest ten and share with others.
-Learners practice estimating and then measuring actual lengths of objects.

How do you round off numbers to the nearest ten?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 13
- Number line
- Number cards
- Measuring tools
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 16
- Multiplication tables
- Counters
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 19
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 20

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Even and odd numbers up to 100

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use even and odd numbers up to 100 in different situations.
- Develop interest in identifying even and odd numbers.

- In groups, learners identify even and odd numbers up to 100 and share with others.
-Learners practice arranging bottle tops in pairs to identify even and odd numbers.

How can you distinguish between even and odd numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 20
- Bottle tops
- Number cards
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Patterns involving even and odd numbers
Whole Numbers - Roman numerals up to X

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make patterns involving even and odd numbers in real life situations.
- Appreciate patterns in mathematics.

- In pairs, learners use number cards to make patterns involving even and odd numbers.
-Learners practice creating and extending number patterns.

How do you make number patterns involving even and odd numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 21
- Number cards
- Number charts
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 22
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Addition up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping
Addition - Addition of 4-digit to 2-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping up to a sum of 10,000 in different situations.
- Show interest in addition of numbers.

- In groups, learners add up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping up to a sum of 10,000 using number cards, charts or place value apparatus.
-Learners practice solving addition problems with single regrouping.

When do you use addition in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 23
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Place value apparatus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 25

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Addition of 4-digit to 3-digit numbers
Addition - Addition up to two 4-digit numbers with double regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add a 4-digit number to a 3-digit number with regrouping.
- Show interest in addition of numbers.

- In pairs, learners practice adding 4-digit numbers to 3-digit numbers using place value charts.
-Learners solve word problems involving addition of 4-digit and 3-digit numbers.

How do you regroup when adding numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 26
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Place value apparatus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 27

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Estimating sum by rounding off numbers
Addition - Estimating sums of 3-digit and 4-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate sum by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different situations.
- Appreciate estimating sums in daily life.

- In groups, learners discuss and estimate sum by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different situations.
-Learners practice estimating answers before calculating exact answers.

Why do we estimate sums in mathematics?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 28
- Number charts
- Number cards
- Number line
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 29

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Creating patterns involving addition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving addition up to a sum of 10,000 in real life situations.
- Appreciate application of addition of numbers in real life situations.

- In pairs, learners generate patterns involving addition of numbers up to a sum of 10,000.
-In pairs/groups, learners play digital games involving addition.

How do you make number patterns involving addition?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 30
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Solving word problems involving addition
Subtraction - Subtraction up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve word problems involving addition.
- Appreciate addition in real life situations.

- In groups, learners discuss and solve word problems involving addition.
-Learners create their own word problems involving addition.

How can we apply addition to solve real life problems?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 32
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Word problem cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 33
- Place value apparatus
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction of a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number
Subtraction - Subtraction of a 3-digit number from a 4-digit number

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number without regrouping.
- Show interest in subtraction of numbers.

- In pairs, learners practice subtracting 2-digit numbers from 4-digit numbers without regrouping.
-Learners solve real-life problems involving subtraction.

How do you subtract a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 34
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 35

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping
Subtraction - Subtraction with double regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping in real life situations.
- Show interest in subtraction of numbers.

- In pairs, learners subtract up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping using number cards.
-Learners practice solving subtraction problems with regrouping.

How do you subtract numbers with regrouping?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 35
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 36

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Estimating difference by rounding off numbers
Subtraction - Estimating differences between 3-digit and 4-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate difference by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different contexts.
- Appreciate estimating differences in daily life.

- In groups, learners approximate and work out difference by rounding off the numbers to the nearest ten in real life situations.
-Learners practice estimating answers before calculating exact answers.

How do you estimate the difference of given numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 38
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 39

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Creating patterns involving subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving subtraction from up to 10,000.
- Appreciate application of subtraction of numbers in real life situations.

- In groups, learners generate patterns involving subtraction of numbers up to 10,000.
-In pairs or groups, learners play games involving subtraction using digital device or other resources.

How do you create patterns involving subtraction?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 40
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of up to 2-digit number by multiples of 10
Multiplication - Multiplication of 1-digit number by multiples of 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by multiples of 10 in different situations.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs, learners multiply 2-digit number by multiples of 10 using number cards.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems involving multiples of 10.

When do you use multiplication in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 43
- Number cards
- Multiplication tables
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 44

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit without regrouping
Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number without regrouping.
- Develop interest in multiplication.

- In pairs, learners practice multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping.
-Learners use counters to demonstrate multiplication.

How can we multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Number cards
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 46

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit without regrouping
Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number without regrouping.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs or groups, learners multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number without regrouping using counters.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems.

How do we multiply two-digit numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
- Multiplication charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 47

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Estimating products by rounding off numbers
Multiplication - Creating patterns involving multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate products by rounding off numbers to the nearest 10 with product not exceeding 1,000.
- Appreciate estimating products in daily life.

- In groups, learners estimate and work out product by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten with product not exceeding 1,000.
-Learners practice estimating answers before calculating exact answers.

Why do we estimate products in mathematics?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 48
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 50
- Multiplication charts
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit without remainder

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number without remainder.
- Show interest in division of numbers.

- In pairs and groups, learners discuss and carry out division of up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number without remainder using number cards.
-Learners practice solving division problems.

When do you use division in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 52
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division as equal sharing
Division - Division as equal grouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide objects into equal groups.
- Appreciate division as equal sharing.

- In groups, learners share objects equally among themselves.
-Learners practice dividing objects into equal groups and recording the results.

How is division related to equal sharing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 53
- Counters
- Bottle tops
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit with remainder
Division - Using long form of division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder.
- Show interest in division of numbers.

- In groups, learners carry out division up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder and prepare division charts.
-Learners practice solving division problems with remainders.

How do you deal with remainders when dividing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 56

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Relationship between multiplication and division
Division - Solving word problems involving division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate multiplication of numbers to division of same numbers in different situations.
- Appreciate the relationship between multiplication and division.

- In groups, learners carry out division and multiplication of same numbers to establish relationship between multiplication and division. Discuss and share their results with other groups.
-Learners practice relating multiplication and division facts.

How are multiplication and division related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 57
- Multiplication tables
- Division charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 59
- Number cards
- Word problem cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers
Measurement
Measurement

Division - Using digital resources for division
Length - Centimetre as a unit of measuring length
Length - Measuring length in centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital resources to learn division of numbers.
- Appreciate the use of division in day to day life.

- In pairs, learners play games involving division using digital devices.
-Learners practice solving division problems using digital tools.

How can technology help us learn division?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 60
- Digital devices
- Calculator
- Educational apps
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 91
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Objects for measurement
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 92
- Various classroom objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Estimating and measuring length in centimetres
Length - Relationship between metres and centimetres
Length - Converting metres to centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate and measure length in centimetres.
- Appreciate importance of estimation in measurement.

- In groups, learners estimate the length of a given object in centimetres.
-Learners measure actual length of the estimated length in centimetres and compare results.

Why is estimation important in measurement?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 94
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Various objects
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 95
- String
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 96
- Conversion tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Converting centimetres to metres
Length - Perimeter of plane figures
Length - Addition involving length in metres and centimetres
Length - Subtraction involving length in metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert centimetres to metres in real life situation.
- Show interest in conversion of units.

- In pairs, learners convert centimetres into metres using whole numbers, decimals or fractions in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting measurements from centimetres to metres.

When would you need to convert centimetres to metres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 97
- Metre ruler
- Conversion tables
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 98
- Ruler
- Shape cutouts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 99
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 102

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Multiplication involving metres and centimetres
Length - Division involving metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Carryout multiplication involving metres and centimetres in real life situations.
- Show interest in multiplication of length measurements.

- In groups, learners work out multiplication involving metres and centimetres.
-Learners practice solving real-life problems involving multiplication of length measurements.

How can multiplication help us with length measurements?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 104
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 105

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Comparing area of surfaces by direct manipulation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the area of given surfaces by direct manipulation.
- Show interest in comparing areas of surfaces.

- In groups, learners compare area of two surfaces directly by placing one surface on the other.
-Learners practice comparing areas of different surfaces by direct manipulation.

How do you work out area of different surfaces?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 106
- Paper cutouts
- Different shapes
- Objects with flat surfaces

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Calculating area by counting unit squares
Area - Area of a square by counting unit squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares and rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Develop interest in calculating area.

- In pairs, learners use different unit square cut outs to cover a given surface.
-In groups, learners count the number of unit square cut outs prepared from locally available materials to cover the surface.

What is a unit square and how is it used?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 108
- Unit square cutouts
- Grid paper
- Locally available materials
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 109
- Square shapes
- Grid paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of a rectangle by counting unit squares
Area - Area of squares as product of rows and columns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Appreciate calculating area in real life.

- In groups, learners use unit square cutouts to cover rectangular surfaces.
-Learners practice counting unit squares to find area of rectangles.

How do you find the area of a rectangle?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 110
- Unit square cutouts
- Rectangular shapes
- Grid paper
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 112
- Grid paper
- Square shapes
- Unit square cutouts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of rectangles as product of rows and columns
Area - Finding area of squares and rectangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of rectangles as a product of number of rows and columns.
- Appreciate use of rows and columns in calculating area.

- In pairs, learners establish area of a rectangle is same as number of rows multiplied by number of columns.
-Work out area of squares and rectangles by multiplying number of rows by number of columns, such as in tiled or paved floors.

How can we calculate area using rows and columns?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 113
- Grid paper
- Rectangular shapes
- Unit square cutouts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Digital devices
- Square and rectangular shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cubes
Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pile objects into stacks of cubes in real life situations.
- Show interest in piling objects.

- In groups, learners discuss and carefully arrange blocks or objects on top of each other into cuboid and cube shape.
-Learners practice stacking objects or blocks to form cubes and cuboids of different sizes.

Where do we apply the volume of cubes and cuboids in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 118
- Cubes
- Cuboids
- Building blocks
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 119
- Matchboxes
- Building blocks
- Cuboid shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Working out volume of cuboids by piling blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out volume of cuboids by piling blocks to form a cuboid.
- Show interest in volume of cuboids.

- In pairs, learners count the number of objects in the pile that makes a cuboid to determine the volume.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cuboids by counting blocks.

How do you find the volume of a cuboid?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 120
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks
- Matchboxes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Working out volume of cubes by piling blocks
Volume - Volume of cubes and cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate the volume of cubes by piling blocks to form a cube.
- Appreciate volume of cubes in real life.

- In groups, learners count the number of objects in the pile that makes a cube to determine the volume.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cubes by counting blocks.

How do you find the volume of a cube?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 121
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks
- Matchboxes
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 123
- Digital devices
- Building blocks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in litres
Capacity - Making litre containers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in measuring capacity.

- In groups, learners measure capacity of containers using a one litre container in real life situations.
-Learners practice measuring capacity of different containers in litres.

How can you measure capacity using arbitrary units?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 125
- 1 litre container
- Various containers
- Water
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 126
- Locally available materials
- Water or sand

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in ½ litres
Capacity - Measuring capacity in ¼ litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in ½ litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in measuring capacity in ½ litres.

- In pairs, learners make ½ litre containers from locally available materials through filling and emptying the container with substances such as water or sand using a 1 litre container.
-In groups, learners use ½ litre containers to measure capacity of other containers.

When would you measure capacity in ½ litres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 127
- 1 litre container
- ½ litre container
- Various containers
- Water or sand
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 128
- ¼ litre container

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Addition of capacity in litres
Capacity - Subtraction of capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out addition of capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in addition of capacity.

- In groups, learners add capacity involving litres in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving addition of capacity.

When do we need to add capacity measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 128
- Containers of known capacity
- Number cards
- Place value charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 130

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Using digital devices for capacity
Mass - Using a kilogram mass to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital devices to learn about capacity.
- Appreciate use of the litre as a unit of measuring capacity in real life situations.

- In pairs, learners play games involving capacity using containers of different capacities or digital devices for digital games.
-Learners practice solving problems involving capacity using digital tools.

How can technology help us learn about capacity?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 131
- Digital devices
- Digital games
- Educational apps
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 132
- 1 kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ½ kg masses to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ½ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Appreciate measuring mass using different units.

- In pairs, learners make a ½ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ½ kg masses.

When would you measure mass in ½ kg?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 133
- ½ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ¼ kg masses to measure mass of objects
Mass - Mass in kilogram and ½ kilogram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ¼ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Show interest in measuring mass using ¼ kg masses.

- In groups, learners make a ¼ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance and an electronic balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ¼ kg masses.

How are ¼ kg masses related to kg masses?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 134
- ¼ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Electronic balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 135
- 1 kg mass
- ½ kg mass
- Beam balance

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Addition of mass in kilograms
Mass - Subtraction of mass in kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add mass involving kilograms in real life situations.
- Show interest in addition of mass measurements.

- In groups, learners add mass involving kilograms (kg) in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving addition of mass.

When do we need to add mass measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 136
- Beam balance
- Number cards
- Place value charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 137

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Reading and telling time in a.m. and p.m.
Time - Estimating time using a.m. and p.m.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and tell time in a.m. and p.m. in real life situations.
- Show interest in reading and telling time.

- In pairs, learners read and tell time in a.m. and p.m. using digital and analogue clocks.
-Learners practice identifying different times of the day.

How do we differentiate between a.m. and p.m.?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 138
- Analogue clocks
- Digital clocks
- Time charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 139
- Objects that cast shadows

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting hours to minutes
Time - Converting minutes to hours

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert hours to minutes in real life situations.
- Show interest in conversion of units of time.

- In groups, learners change hours to minutes in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from hours to minutes.

Why do we need to convert between units of time?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 141
- Analogue clocks
- Digital clocks
- Time conversion charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 142

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting days into hours

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert days into hours in real life situations.
- Show interest in conversion between days and hours.

- In groups, learners change days to hours in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from days to hours.

How many hours are there in a day?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 143
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting hours into days
Time - Converting weeks into days

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert hours into days in real life situations.
- Appreciate conversion between hours and days.

- In groups, learners change hours to days in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from hours to days.

When would you convert hours to days?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 143
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 144

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting days into weeks
Time - Recording time durations in hours and minutes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert days into weeks in real life situations.
- Appreciate conversion between days and weeks.

- In groups, learners change days to weeks in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from days to weeks.

When would you convert days to weeks?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 145
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 146
- Stopwatch
- Digital watches
- Analogue clocks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Addition of units of time
Time - Subtraction of units of time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out addition involving units of time in real life situations.
- Appreciate addition of time durations.

- In groups, learners work out addition involving units of time in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving addition of time.

When do we need to add time in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 147
- Clocks
- Number cards
- Place value charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 149

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Using digital clock
Money - Converting shillings into cents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital clock to tell and record time of different activities.
- Appreciate time in day to day activities.

- In groups, learners discuss, tell and record time using electronic clock.
-Learners practice reading and using digital clocks.

What are the advantages of digital clocks?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 150
- Digital clocks
- Electronic watches
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 151
- Real/imitation money
- Conversion charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Money - Converting cents into shillings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert cents into shillings in different contexts.
- Appreciate conversion between units of money.

- Learners in pairs/groups discuss and convert cents into shillings using real/imitation money in different contexts.
-Learners practice converting from cents to shillings.

When would you convert cents to shillings?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 152
- Real/imitation money
- Conversion charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Money - Preparing a shopping list of three items
Money - Working out total cost of items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare a shopping list of three items in real life situation.
- Show interest in preparing shopping lists.

- Learners in pairs/groups are guided on how to come up with a shopping list of food items that they may require at school or at home.
-Learners practice creating shopping lists for different occasions.

Why do we prepare shopping list?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 153
- Price lists
- Shopping catalogs
- Charts
- Calculator

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement
GEOMETRY

Money - Preparing a class model shop
Money - Role playing shopping activities
Position and Direction - Clockwise and anti-clockwise turns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare a class model shop for shopping activities.
- Show interest in shopping activities.

- Learners in groups are guided to come up with a class or school model shop and role play shopping activities as buyers and shopkeepers.
-Learners practice arranging items in the shop according to their type.

How do shops organize their items?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 154
- Empty containers
- Price tags
- Imitation money
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 155
- Class model shop
- Imitation money
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 156
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

GEOMETRY

Position and Direction - Clockwise and anti-clockwise turns
Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns
Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you change your position?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify an anti-clockwise turn in the environment
- Demonstrate an anti-clockwise turn in the environment
- Appreciate the use of turns in daily life

- Learners stand in a circle and take turns to move in anti-clockwise direction - Learners practice making anti-clockwise turns from different positions in the classroom - In groups, learners move from their desks to the door while making anti-clockwise turns - Learners identify daily activities involving anti-clockwise turns

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 156
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 157
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 158

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Angles - Angles at points in lines
Angles - Angles from objects
Angles - Relating turns to angles
Angles - Relating turns to angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How do we use angles in daily life?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify an angle at a point in lines
- Recognize angles made by two lines meeting at a point
- Value angles as part of daily life

- In groups, learners hold two pencils together and move one pencil to create a space between them, forming an angle - Learners discuss and recognize angles made by two lines that meet at a point using charts with different lines - Learners copy and color angles in provided diagrams - Learners identify angles from their environment

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 160
- Pencils, rulers
- Angle representations
- Charts showing angles
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 161
- Books, paper
- Cubes, cuboids
- Angle charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 162
- Rulers
- Books, doors
- Digital devices
- Clock faces

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Identifying shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify rectangles and squares from objects in the environment
- Recognize shapes in school and home environments
- Show interest in identifying shapes in the surroundings

- Learners observe and name shapes they can see in the school compound - Learners identify shapes in pictures of home environments - In groups, learners discuss and recognize shapes of rectangles and squares from common objects - Learners identify and draw rectangles and squares they observe in their environment

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 163
- Shape cut-outs
- Objects of different shapes
- Pictures showing shapes
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 164
- Paper for tracing
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Lines of symmetry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify lines of symmetry in rectangles and squares
- Fold shapes to find lines of symmetry
- Appreciate symmetry in shapes

- Learners take rectangular cut-outs and fold along both longer and shorter sides to identify lines of symmetry - Learners take square cut-outs and fold in different ways to identify the four lines of symmetry - Learners trace the square base of different objects, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry - Learners trace rectangular sides of boxes, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 165
- Rectangular and square cut-outs
- Objects with rectangular and square faces
- Paper, scissors
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 166
- Triangular, circular and oval cut-outs
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Making patterns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Make patterns using squares and rectangles
- Create original patterns using shapes
- Show creativity in making patterns

- In groups, learners obtain cut-outs in the shapes of squares and rectangles - Learners use the cut-outs to make different patterns - Learners copy, complete and color patterns provided - Learners create their own patterns using squares and rectangles - Learners display and discuss patterns created by different groups

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 167
- Shape cut-outs
- Coloring materials
- Digital devices
- Triangle cut-outs

- Observation - Project work - Peer assessment

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Properties of shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify properties of squares and rectangles
- Measure sides of shapes to determine their properties
- Appreciate the differences between shapes

- Learners measure sides of squares and compare lengths to establish that all sides are equal - Learners compare angles in squares using a right-angled corner to establish that all angles are equal - Learners measure sides of rectangles to establish that opposite sides are equal - Learners compare angles in rectangles to establish that all angles are equal - Learners identify and discuss the properties of squares and rectangles

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 168
- Squares and rectangles of different sizes
- Rulers
- Right-angled corners

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment

GEOMETRY
DATA HANDLING

Plane Figures - Properties of shapes
Data - Materials for data collection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify properties of different types of triangles
- Measure sides of triangles to determine their properties
- Show interest in properties of triangles

- Learners measure sides of triangles with three equal sides to establish that they are equal - Learners measure sides of triangles with two equal sides - Learners measure sides of triangles with unequal sides - Learners identify and discuss the properties of different types of triangles - Learners trace circular objects to obtain circles of different sizes and discuss their properties

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 169
- Triangles of different types
- Rulers
- Circular objects
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Tape measures
- Weighing scales
- Thermometers
- Exercise books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment

DATA HANDLING

Data - Collecting data
Data - Organizing data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Collect data of at most 10 items within the school environment
- Organize collected data systematically
- Appreciate the importance of data collection

- In groups of 10, learners write their favorite fruits on cards - Learners collect the cards and arrange them according to the type of fruit - In groups, learners collect information on the number of family members for each learner - Learners collect data on shoe sizes, favorite foods, games, and colors - Learners measure and record the height of each learner in centimeters

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Cards
- Pencils
- Tape measure
- Rulers
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 172
- Data collected from previous lesson
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Observation - Practical activities - Written assignments

DATA HANDLING

Data - Drawing tables for recording data
Data - Recording data in tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Draw a table for recording data
- Understand the structure of data tables
- Show interest in organizing data in tables

- In groups of 10, learners write their favorite colors on cards - Learners collect all the cards and sort them by color - Learners count the number of cards for each color - Learners draw tables with appropriate columns for recording the data - Learners discuss the importance of tables in organizing data

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Cards
- Exercise books
- Rulers
- Pencils
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 174
- Data collected previously
- Digital devices

- Observation - Written exercises - Oral questions

DATA HANDLING

Data - Recording data using tally marks
Data - Recording data in tables
Data - Interpreting data from tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Use tally marks to record data
- Create tables with tally mark columns
- Show interest in using tally marks

- Learners learn how to use tally marks to represent the number of times something appears - Learners measure heights of group members and record using tally marks - Learners use tally marks to record data on shoe sizes, pencil lengths, and grades - Learners discuss the convenience of using tally marks in data recording - Learners convert tally marks to numerical values

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 174
- Exercise books
- Rulers
- Tape measures
- Data collected previously
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 175
- Previously collected data
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 176
- Tables with data
- Digital devices
- Previously created tables

- Observation - Written exercises - Oral questions