Crop Production

Crop Protection - Field excursion for weed identification
Crop Protection - Making weed herbarium

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common weeds in crop fields
- Collect weed specimens
- Show interest in weed study

- Take excursion to identify weeds in crop field
- Collect different weed specimens
- Record weed names and characteristics

How do weeds affect crop production?

- Local environment
- Collection bags
- Notebooks
- Cameras
- Identification guides
- Pressing materials
- Herbarium sheets
- Glue
- Labels
- Marker pens

- Field reports - Specimen collection - Observation

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Classification by morphology
Crop Protection - Classification by growth cycle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Classify weeds based on morphology
- Identify broadleaf and narrow leaf weeds
- Appreciate weed diversity

- Use digital and non-digital resources to study weed morphology
- Classify weeds as broadleaf, narrow leaf, or sedges
- Examine weed specimens

Why is weed control done in crop production?

- Weed specimens
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Classification charts
- Reference books
- Weed samples
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Reference materials

- Written test - Classification exercise - Oral presentations

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Physical and mechanical control
Crop Protection - Cultural and biological control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain physical weed control methods
- Demonstrate mechanical weed control
- Appreciate non-chemical control

- Discuss hand pulling, hoeing, slashing
- Practice physical weed removal
- Discuss advantages and limitations

What are the advantages of physical weed control?

- Hand hoe
- Panga
- Slasher
- Gloves
- School farm
- Mulching materials
- Video clips
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Case studies

- Practical observation - Oral assessment - Performance evaluation

Crop Production

Crop Protection - Chemical and legislative control
Crop Protection - Positive and negative effects of weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain chemical weed control
- Describe legislative control methods
- Appreciate safe herbicide use

- Discuss herbicide types and application
- Study legislative measures against weeds
- Emphasize safety in chemical use

Why are some weeds controlled through legislation?

- Herbicide samples
- Safety equipment
- Charts
- Reference materials
- Legal documents
- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Written assignment - Safety assessment - Oral presentations

Crop Production

General Crop Harvesting - Harvest timing
General Crop Harvesting - Pre-harvest activities for cereals and tubers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain factors that determine harvest timing
- Identify signs of crop maturity
- Show interest in harvest planning

- Search for information on harvest timing factors
- Discuss indicators of crop maturity
- Study harvest scheduling

How does the harvesting process affect crop production?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Textbooks
- Charts
- Mature crops
- School farm
- Harvesting tools
- Containers
- Sacks
- Record books

- Written test - Oral assessment - Observation

Crop Production

General Crop Harvesting - Harvesting cereals and tubers
General Crop Harvesting - Post-harvest handling of cereals and tubers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Harvest cereals correctly
- Harvest tuber crops properly
- Develop practical harvesting skills

- Practice harvesting methods for cereals
- Harvest tuber crops carefully
- Handle produce to minimize damage

What is the correct method for harvesting different crops?

- Panga
- Jembe
- Harvesting baskets
- Sacks
- School farm
- Drying materials
- Storage containers
- Sorting tables
- Resource person
- Cleaning tools

- Practical assessment - Performance evaluation - Produce quality check

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Dairy cattle breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Beef cattle breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Common pig breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify common dairy cattle breeds
- Describe characteristics of dairy breeds
- Show interest in livestock diversity

- Use field observations and digital resources to study dairy cattle breeds (Friesian, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jersey)
- Describe characteristic features
- Compare productivity levels

How do livestock breeds affect the productivity of animals?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pictures of cattle breeds
- Video clips
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Field trip sites
- Pictures of pig breeds
- Reference materials

- Oral assessment - Written notes - Observation

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Rabbit breeds and characteristics
Breeds of Livestock - Wool and mutton sheep
Breeds of Livestock - Dairy goat breeds
Breeds of Livestock - Meat goat breeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify rabbit breeds
- Explain rabbit breed characteristics
- Appreciate rabbit farming potential

- Study rabbit breeds (Californian, New Zealand White, Flemish Giant)
- Describe physical features
- Analyze production advantages

Why are rabbits important in livestock production?

- Pictures
- Video clips
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Live rabbits (if available)
- Pictures of sheep breeds
- Wool samples
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Field trip sites
- Pictures of goat breeds
- Reference materials

- Observation - Written test - Oral presentations

Animal Production

Breeds of Livestock - Role of animal production in economy
Safe Handling of Animals - Humane treatment of livestock
Safe Handling of Animals - Poor transport and harnessing methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Analyze contribution of livestock to economy
- Compare productivity from various breeds
- Appreciate livestock sector importance

- Discuss role of animal production in country's economy
- Make presentations on comparative productivity
- Analyze economic data

How does livestock production create employment?

- Economic data
- Charts
- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Digital resources
- Video clips
- Pictures
- Case studies
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Class presentations - Written reports - Group discussions

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Crush pens and holding yards
Safe Handling of Animals - Raceways and squeeze chutes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe crush pens structure
- Explain use of holding yards
- Show interest in safe handling structures

- Use digital resources to observe crush pens and holding yards
- Describe structures and functions
- Discuss design features

How can we ensure safety when handling animals?

- Digital devices
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Charts
- Design drawings
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Design plans

- Oral assessment - Written notes - Sketches

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Farrowing crates and milking stalls

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe farrowing crates
- Explain milking stall design
- Show interest in specialized structures

- Study farrowing crates for pig production
- Examine milking stall structures
- Discuss benefits of specialized facilities

How do specialized structures improve animal management?

- Pictures
- Video clips
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Reference materials

- Oral assessment - Written test - Observation

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Restraining methods
Safe Handling of Animals - Correct positioning and safe distance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Demonstrate appropriate restraining methods
- Use docile animals safely
- Develop skills in animal handling

- Use docile animals to demonstrate restraining
- Practice appropriate restraining methods
- Emphasize handler safety

What are the safe methods of restraining different animals?

- Docile animals
- Ropes
- Halters
- Bull rings
- Safety equipment
- Demonstration area
- First aid kit
- Protective gear

- Practical observation - Safety assessment - Performance evaluation

Animal Production

Safe Handling of Animals - Community excursion on animal handling
General Animal Health - Importance of animal health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Observe animal handling in community
- Identify unsafe practices
- Show commitment to promoting animal welfare

- Take excursion to observe animal handling
- Document handling practices
- Identify areas for improvement

How can we promote safe handling of animals in the community?

- Local farms
- Observation sheets
- Cameras
- Notebooks
- Transport
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference books
- Charts
- Case studies

- Field reports - Observation - Written reports

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Observing healthy animals
General Animal Health - Identifying sick animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify signs of normal health in livestock
- Observe healthy animals
- Show interest in animal health monitoring

- Observe animals in a herd
- Identify signs of good health (bright eyes, smooth coat, alertness)
- Record observations

What measures can be used to prevent animal diseases?

- Live animals
- Observation sheets
- Notebooks
- Resource person
- School livestock
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Health charts

- Observation - Practical notes - Oral assessment

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Common signs of specific diseases
General Animal Health - Preventative measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe signs of common diseases
- Relate symptoms to specific conditions
- Show interest in disease recognition

- Study signs of common diseases (diarrhea, coughing, skin conditions)
- Discuss symptoms of specific illnesses
- Analyze disease patterns

What are the early warning signs of animal diseases?

- Disease charts
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Vaccine samples
- Charts
- Reference materials
- Resource person

- Written test - Oral presentations - Case analysis

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Treatment and management practices
General Animal Health - Notifiable diseases and quarantine

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe treatment methods for common diseases
- Explain management practices for disease control
- Show responsibility in animal health care

- Discuss treatment options
- Study management practices (isolation, proper nutrition)
- Analyze integrated health approaches

What management practices help maintain animal health?

- Medicine samples
- Charts
- Video clips
- Digital devices
- Reference books
- Disease lists
- Legal documents
- Digital resources
- Resource person

- Written test - Oral questions - Class presentations

Animal Production

General Animal Health - Practical health maintenance
Beekeeping - Factors in apiary location

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Practice applicable health maintenance measures
- Monitor animal health regularly
- Develop skills in animal health care

- Practice health measures on school livestock
- Maintain health records
- Implement preventative practices

How can we maintain good health in school livestock?

- School livestock
- Health records
- Medicines
- Cleaning materials
- Resource person
- School compound
- Survey tools
- Notebooks
- Pictures
- Assessment forms

- Practical observation - Record assessment - Performance evaluation

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Environmental considerations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe environmental factors for apiary siting
- Explain safety considerations
- Appreciate proper apiary placement

- Discuss placement away from humans and livestock
- Consider wind direction and sun exposure
- Analyze environmental factors

Why should apiaries be located away from roads and settlements?

- Pictures
- Video clips
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Written test - Oral questions - Class presentations

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Traditional and Kenya top bar hives
Beekeeping - Langstroth hive

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe traditional hives
- Explain Kenya top bar hive design
- Show interest in beekeeping technology

- Discuss traditional hive types
- Study Kenya top bar hive design and features
- Compare hive types

What are the advantages of different hive types?

- Hive models
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Digital resources
- Design drawings
- Charts
- Reference books

- Oral assessment - Written notes - Sketches

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Hive preparation and baiting
Beekeeping - Feeding and watering bees

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe hive preparation process
- Explain baiting methods
- Show interest in bee colony establishment

- Use digital and print resources on stocking a hive
- Describe hive preparation steps
- Discuss baiting techniques

How do we attract bees to occupy a hive?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference books
- Pictures
- Hive models
- Apiary site
- Bee suit
- Smoker
- Hive tool
- Resource person
- Feeding equipment

- Oral assessment - Written test - Class discussions

Animal Production

Beekeeping - Hive inspection and pest control
Beekeeping - Swarming, absconding, and migration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Conduct hive inspections
- Identify bee pests and diseases
- Develop skills in apiary management

- Practice safe hive inspection
- Identify common pests (wax moths, ants)
- Learn control measures

How often should hives be inspected?

- Bee suit
- Smoker
- Hive tool
- Inspection sheets
- Resource person
- Video clips
- Pictures
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Safety compliance - Observation

Animal Production
Beekeeping

Beekeeping - Harvesting process simulation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: - Explain benefits of beekeeping - Analyze economic importance of bee products - Appreciate beekeeping in economy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Simulate honey harvesting process
- Use harvesting equipment safely
- Appreciate proper harvesting techniques

- Use mockup activity to demonstrate harvesting
- Practice using bee suit and smoker
- Learn safety procedures

How is honey harvested safely from a hive?

- Bee suit
- Smoker
- Hive tool
- Containers
- Mockup hive
- Safety equipment
- Class presentations
- Written reports
- Oral assessment

- Practical observation - Safety assessment - Performance evaluation

Animal Production

Animal Rearing Project - Selecting appropriate project
Animal Rearing Project - Writing project plan

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify suitable animal rearing projects
- Evaluate project feasibility
- Show interest in practical animal production

- Discuss appropriate animal-rearing projects (birds, insects)
- Evaluate available resources
- Consider school context

How can animal rearing project be carried out?

- Project templates
- School facilities assessment
- Resource inventory
- Reference materials
- Manila papers
- Computers (if available)
- Sample plans

- Oral discussions - Written proposals - Feasibility analysis

Animal Production

Animal Rearing Project - Costing project inputs
Animal Rearing Project - Preparing project budget

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify project costs
- Calculate input requirements
- Show responsibility in resource planning

- Develop project details
- Research costs of inputs
- List all required resources

How do we determine project costs?

- Price lists
- Calculator
- Notebooks
- Market surveys
- Digital devices
- Budget templates
- Computers
- Project proposals
- Manila papers

- Budget drafts - Calculations - Oral questions

Animal Production

Animal Rearing Project - Site selection and structure installation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Select appropriate project site
- Prepare animal structures
- Show practical implementation skills

- Select site for the project
- Install required animal structures
- Prepare necessary facilities

Where should animal structures be located?

- School compound
- Building materials
- Tools
- Site assessment forms
- Safety equipment

- Practical observation - Site suitability assessment - Performance evaluation

Animal Production

Animal Rearing Project - Record preparation and duty allocation
Animal Rearing Project - Stocking and initial management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Prepare appropriate record templates
- Organize duty schedules
- Develop organizational skills

- Prepare record templates
- Share routine duty schedules
- Organize group responsibilities

What records should be kept in an animal project?

- Record books
- Templates
- Duty rosters
- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Animals/insects
- Housing structures
- Feeding equipment
- Water containers

- Record templates assessment - Schedule evaluation - Organizational skills

Animal Production

Animal Rearing Project - Daily routine management
Animal Rearing Project - Weekly and periodic management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Carry out daily management practices
- Maintain proper records
- Develop consistency in animal care

- Feed and water animals
- Clean structures
- Monitor animal health
- Keep daily records

What are the daily management tasks in the project?

- Feeds
- Water
- Cleaning tools
- Record books
- Health monitoring tools
- Disinfectants
- Cleaning equipment
- Weighing scales
- Assessment tools

- Practical assessment - Record evaluation - Observation

Animal Production
Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Animal Rearing Project - Assessing project achievements
Animal Rearing Project - Areas for improvement
Tools and Equipment - Gardening tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Evaluate project achievements
- Identify successes and challenges
- Develop evaluation skills

- Make class presentations on achievements
- Analyze project outcomes
- Compare with project objectives

What were the successes of our animal project?

- Project records
- Financial records
- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Projector
- Evaluation reports
- Project data
- Reflection sheets
- Gardening tools
- Tool charts
- Pictures
- Video clips
- School farm

- Presentations - Written reports - Peer assessment

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Tools and Equipment - Livestock production tools
Tools and Equipment - Conducting gardening tasks
Tools and Equipment - Livestock management tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify tools for livestock production
- Explain uses of livestock tools
- Appreciate tool diversity

- Observe and analyze livestock tools (halters, ropes, feeders, waterers)
- Identify animal handling equipment
- Discuss tool applications

What tools are essential for livestock management?

- Livestock tools
- Pictures
- Charts
- Video clips
- Resource person
- School garden
- Jembe, rake
- Garden trowel
- Fork jembe
- Safety gloves
- Livestock area
- Feeders, waterers
- Cleaning tools
- Animals
- Safety equipment

- Written test - Oral questions - Tool identification exercise

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Tools and Equipment - Assembling and disassembling tasks
Tools and Equipment - Cleaning and sharpening
Tools and Equipment - Lubrication and repairs
Tools and Equipment - Safety in tool use and storage

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify tools for assembling tasks
- Assemble and disassemble equipment
- Develop mechanical skills

- Use tools for assembling tasks (hammer, screwdriver, pliers, wrench)
- Practice assembling simple farm structures
- Disassemble and reassemble equipment

Why is it important to know how to assemble farm equipment?

- Hand tools
- Screws, nails
- Simple structures
- Safety equipment
- Instruction manuals
- Agricultural tools
- Sharpening stone
- Water
- Cleaning materials
- Oil/grease
- Lubricants
- Replacement parts
- Spanners, pliers
- Maintenance manual
- PPE (gloves, boots)
- Storage facilities
- Tools
- First aid kit
- Safety charts

- Practical assessment - Performance evaluation - Quality of assembly

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Juice processing
Product Processing - Jam and ketchup making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain juice processing method
- Identify equipment for juice making
- Show interest in value addition

- Use digital and non-digital resources to research juice processing
- Suggest methods of value addition
- Study juice extraction and preservation

How does value addition enhance nutrition and food security?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Reference books
- Digital resources
- Recipe books
- Sample products

- Oral assessment - Written notes - Research reports

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Peanut butter and flour making
Product Processing - Crisps making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain peanut butter processing
- Describe flour making process
- Show interest in nut and grain processing

- Study peanut butter processing methods
- Research on flour making from various grains
- Analyze nutritional benefits

How can farmers add value to groundnuts and cereals?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pictures
- Sample products
- Reference materials
- Video clips
- Digital resources
- Sample crisps
- Reference books

- Oral assessment - Written assignment - Presentations

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Practical juice processing
Product Processing - Practical jam making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Process fruit juice
- Practice hygiene in processing
- Develop practical processing skills

- Practice juice processing with resource person
- Extract juice from available fruits
- Apply food safety measures

How do we ensure hygiene during processing?

- Fresh fruits
- Juicer/blender
- Containers
- Sieve/strainer
- Protective clothing
- Resource person
- Sugar
- Source of heat
- Cooking pot
- Jars
- Thermometer

- Practical assessment - Product quality evaluation - Hygiene observation

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Practical peanut butter making
Product Processing - Practical flour making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Process peanut butter
- Control texture and consistency
- Appreciate nut processing

- Practice peanut butter processing
- Roast and grind peanuts
- Add ingredients to taste

How is peanut butter texture controlled?

- Groundnuts
- Roasting equipment
- Grinder/blender
- Oil, salt, sugar
- Containers
- Resource person
- Grains
- Drying materials
- Mill/grinder
- Sieves

- Practical assessment - Product evaluation - Consistency check

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Visiting market outlets
Product Processing - Designing labels and brands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Observe packaging methods in markets
- Study branding techniques
- Show interest in product presentation

- Visit market outlets to observe packaging
- Study branding of processed products
- Analyze attractive product displays

How does packaging affect product marketability?

- Transport
- Market outlets
- Observation sheets
- Cameras
- Notebooks
- Computers/drawing materials
- Marker pens
- Label templates
- Sample labels
- Reference materials

- Field reports - Observation records - Oral presentations

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Practical packaging

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Package processed products
- Apply labels correctly
- Show attention to presentation

- Practice home-based packaging methods
- Package processed products from school
- Apply designed labels

How does good packaging preserve product quality?

- Processed products
- Packaging materials
- Labels
- Sealing equipment
- Clean workspace

- Practical assessment - Package quality evaluation - Presentation skills

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Product Processing - Ethics in processing and value addition
Establishing Enterprise - Land and labor factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain ethical concerns in processing
- Discuss consumer protection
- Appreciate ethical business practices

- Discuss ethical concerns (false labeling, hygiene, adulteration)
- Present on consumer protection
- Analyze quality standards

Why must processors follow ethical standards?

- Sample products
- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Case studies
- Legal documents
- Charts
- Pictures
- Reference materials

- Class presentations - Written reports - Oral assessment

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Establishing Enterprise - Capital and entrepreneurship
Establishing Enterprise - Borrowing and savings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain capital requirements
- Describe entrepreneurship role
- Appreciate all production factors

- Discuss capital and entrepreneurship factors
- Analyze financial needs
- Study management skills needed

What makes an agricultural entrepreneur successful?

- Charts
- Financial data
- Manila papers
- Business profiles
- Digital resources
- Resource person
- Bank brochures
- Loan application forms
- Financial literacy materials

- Written test - Oral presentations - Class discussions

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Establishing Enterprise - Other capital sources
Establishing Enterprise - Physical infrastructure and inputs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain asset disposal for capital
- Describe grants and donations
- Appreciate diverse funding sources

- Discuss disposing-off assets for capital
- Study grants and donations opportunities
- Analyze alternative funding sources

What are the advantages and disadvantages of different capital sources?

- Case studies
- Financial documents
- Charts
- Resource person
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pictures
- Reference books

- Written test - Oral questions - Presentations

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Establishing Enterprise - Labor, skills and techniques
Establishing Enterprise - Legal requirements and market

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Assess labor requirements
- Identify needed skills
- Appreciate production techniques

- Determine labor needs for enterprises
- Identify skill requirements
- Study production techniques

How do skill requirements affect enterprise selection?

- Charts
- Case studies
- Manila papers
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Legal documents
- Market data
- Digital devices
- Resource person

- Written assignment - Oral presentations - Class discussions

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Establishing Enterprise - Importance of production factors
Marketing Produce - Weighing and sorting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain role of each production factor
- Analyze factor interactions
- Appreciate integrated approach

- Discuss and present role of production factors
- Analyze how factors work together
- Examine successful enterprises

How do production factors contribute to enterprise success?

- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Case studies
- Charts
- Projector
- Weighing scales
- Agricultural produce
- Sorting tables
- Containers
- Grading charts

- Class presentations - Written reports - Oral assessment

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Marketing Produce - Grading agricultural produce
Marketing Produce - Packaging and branding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Grade produce according to standards
- Explain grading criteria
- Develop quality assessment skills

- Visit market outlet to observe grading
- Learn grading standards
- Practice grading produce

What determines the grade of agricultural produce?

- Agricultural produce
- Grading standards
- Market outlet
- Observation sheets
- Transport
- Packaging materials
- Labels
- Branding materials
- Market samples

- Practical observation - Grading accuracy - Field reports

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Marketing Produce - Labeling and displaying

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Label produce correctly
- Display produce attractively
- Appreciate presentation importance

- Learn labeling requirements
- Practice proper labeling
- Prepare display arrangements

What information should labels contain?

- Labels
- Marker pens
- Display materials
- Agricultural produce
- Sample labels

- Practical observation - Label completeness - Display effectiveness

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Marketing Produce - Physical market outlets
Marketing Produce - Digital marketing platforms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify physical market outlets
- Describe characteristics of different markets
- Show interest in marketing channels

- Discuss various physical market outlets (local markets, supermarkets, farm gate)
- Compare market types
- Analyze market advantages

What are the different market outlets for agricultural produce?

- Pictures
- Charts
- Manila papers
- Market surveys
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Sample platforms

- Oral assessment - Written assignment - Class presentations

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Marketing Produce - Transportation and advertisement costs
Marketing Produce - Market charges and taxes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify transportation costs
- Explain advertisement expenses
- Show awareness of marketing costs

- Inquire from resource person about marketing expenses
- Study transportation costs
- Examine advertisement costs

What expenses are incurred when marketing agricultural produce?

- Resource person
- Price lists
- Calculator
- Notebooks
- Case studies
- Fee schedules
- Tax documents
- Financial records

- Oral assessment - Written calculations - Cost analysis

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Marketing Produce - Benefits of proper preparation
Composting Techniques - Conventional composting methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain importance of produce preparation
- Analyze market advantages
- Appreciate quality presentation

- Share experiences on importance of preparing produce
- Discuss market price differences
- Present on preparation benefits

Why is proper preparation important for marketing?

- Manila papers
- Marker pens
- Market data
- Sample produce
- Projector
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Reference books

- Class presentations - Written reports - Oral assessment

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Composting Techniques - Innovative composting methods
Composting Techniques - Factors affecting compost quality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain vermicomposting
- Describe containerised composting
- Appreciate innovative techniques

- Research innovative composting techniques
- Study vermicomposting process
- Examine containerised composting

What are the advantages of innovative composting methods?

- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Sample composts
- Reference materials
- Compost samples
- Charts
- Manila papers
- Marker pens

- Written assignment - Oral presentations - Class discussions

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Composting Techniques - Practical four-pit method (Part 1)
Composting Techniques - Practical four-pit method (Part 2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Prepare composting pits
- Collect composting materials
- Develop practical composting skills

- Carry out composting with resource person
- Prepare four pits
- Collect organic materials (plant and animal wastes)

How is the four-pit composting method carried out?

- School compound
- Digging tools
- Organic materials
- Water source
- Resource person
- Water
- Turning tools
- Thermometer
- Monitoring sheets

- Practical observation - Site preparation assessment - Material collection

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Composting Techniques - Practical vermicomposting
Composting Techniques - Containerised composting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Set up vermicomposting system
- Manage earthworms in compost
- Appreciate biological composting

- Use digital resources for vermicomposting ideas
- Set up vermicomposting container
- Introduce earthworms and manage system

How does vermicomposting differ from conventional composting?

- Container
- Organic materials
- Earthworms
- Bedding materials
- Water
- Digital resources
- Containers/bins
- Monitoring tools

- Practical observation - System setup evaluation - Performance assessment

Agricultural Technologies and Entrepreneurship

Composting Techniques - Using compost in crop production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Apply compost manure to crops
- Evaluate compost effectiveness
- Appreciate soil improvement through composting

- Utilize compost on existing crop enterprises
- Observe effects on crop growth
- Compare with non-composted areas
- Document results

How does compost manure improve soil fertility?

- Mature compost
- School farm
- Application tools
- Observation sheets
- Measuring tools

- Practical observation - Application assessment - Crop response evaluation