Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Meaning of materials used in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make different items
- Show interest in learning about materials for production

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the meaning of materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make items in pictures (furniture, clothing, containers)
- Search online or in relevant print media for information on materials used in production

What are materials used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 43
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Examples of materials used in production
Introduction to Materials - Distinguishing metallic and non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify examples of materials used in production (wood, metal, plastic, fabric, paper)
- Match materials to items they are used to make
- Appreciate the variety of materials available for production

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify materials such as wood, metal, plastic, fabric and paper
- List materials used in production of furniture, cars, water bottles, tiles, clothes and shoes
- Walk around workshops in school or locality and identify materials for production

What materials are commonly used to make items we use daily?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 44
- Realia (wood, metal, plastic samples)
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 45
- Metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, paper)

- Oral questions - Observation - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Sustainable use of materials in production
Introduction to Materials - Importance of materials in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe sustainable ways of using materials in production
- Apply sustainable practices such as reduce, reuse and recycle
- Appreciate the importance of using materials sustainably

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how to use materials sustainably (reduce waste, reuse, recycle)
- Discuss using renewable materials and energy-efficient methods
- Make notes and present on sustainable ways of using materials in production

How can we use materials in production sustainably?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 47
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 48
- Classroom items
- Internet access
- Charts

- Oral questions - Presentations - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Application of materials in everyday items
Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify how different materials are used in making items
- Create a poster showing uses of different materials
- Value the contribution of materials to our daily lives

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Create a poster showing how different materials are used in making items
- Write down the importance of materials used
- Take turns to present posters to classmates for discussion

How do materials contribute to the items we use every day?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 49
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 50
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Metallic samples

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Identifying metallic materials in the environment
Metallic Materials - Appearance and colour of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe metallic materials found in the school and community
- Prepare a checklist for identifying types of metallic materials
- Appreciate the presence of metals in our surroundings

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Take a walk around school or community and identify items made of metal
- Identify the type of metallic materials used to make the items
- Record findings in a table showing item name, location, type of metal and use

How can we identify metallic materials in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 51
- School environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel spoon
- Aluminium can
- Copper wire

- Observation - Checklist - Field notes

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Weight and flexibility of metals
Metallic Materials - Magnetism of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the weight and flexibility of metallic materials
- Compare the weight and flexibility of steel, aluminium and copper
- Appreciate the different physical properties of metals

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Hold or weigh equal-sized samples of steel, aluminium and copper
- Identify which metal is light, slightly heavy or heavy
- Try bending each metal and observe which is easy or hard to bend

How do metals differ in weight and flexibility?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel samples
- Aluminium samples
- Copper samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Magnets
- Steel, aluminium and copper samples

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Conductivity of heat
Metallic Materials - Conductivity of electricity
Metallic Materials - Properties of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain conductivity of heat as a property of metallic materials
- Perform practical activities to test heat conductivity of metals
- Value safety precautions when working with heat

- Place one end of steel, aluminium and copper rods in a flame and feel the other end
- Note which type of rod makes the hand feel warm
- Share findings with other learners in class

Which metals conduct heat better?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Metal rods (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Source of heat
- Safety gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Bulb
- Cell
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods
- Charts
- Metal samples

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the uses of steel, aluminium and copper in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to their uses
- Appreciate the importance of metals in everyday life

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital device or print resources to search for uses of steel, aluminium and copper
- Look around school or community and list items made of steel, aluminium or copper
- Take pictures or draw items made from these metals

How are steel, aluminium and copper used in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Digital devices
- School environment

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Matching metals to their applications
Non-Metallic Materials - Meaning and examples of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Relate metallic materials to their specific applications
- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Value the contribution of metals to construction and technology

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Present work to classmates
- Make a chart showing more uses of steel, aluminium and copper

Why are different metals suitable for different uses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 56
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Non-metallic samples

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying non-metallic materials in the environment
Non-Metallic Materials - Natural and synthetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe non-metallic materials found in the school environment
- Identify items made from non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the variety of non-metallic materials around us

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Take a walk around school environment
- Identify non-metallic materials in school compound
- List non-metallic materials found and share findings with peers

What non-metallic materials can we find in our school?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 57
- School environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Natural material samples
- Synthetic material samples
- Charts

- Observation - Field notes - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying natural and synthetic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Colour and texture of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify natural and synthetic materials in the environment
- Create a poster showing natural and synthetic non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the sources of different materials

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify non-metallic materials in the environment
- Categorise materials as natural or synthetic
- Take pictures of materials and make a poster to share with peers

How can we identify natural and synthetic materials around us?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Environment
- Camera/phone
- Chart papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Wood, stone, plastic, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramic samples

- Poster making - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Hardness of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Fire resistance of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain hardness as a property of non-metallic materials
- Perform hardness test on non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the varying hardness of different materials

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use a metal nail to scratch each material lightly
- Observe which materials scratch easily and which resist scratching
- Classify materials as soft (scratch easily) or hard (resist scratching) and record results

Which non-metallic materials are hard and which are soft?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Metal nail
- Non-metallic material samples
- Gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Candle
- Tongs
- Safety gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Summary of physical properties
Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe the physical properties of various non-metallic materials
- Compare physical properties of different non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the unique properties of each material

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study summary table of physical properties of non-metallic materials
- Identify five items made from non-metallic materials at home
- Examine items' physical properties and note in exercise book

How do the physical properties of non-metallic materials compare?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Summary table
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production
Tools and Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics in the locality
- Relate non-metallic materials to their applications
- Appreciate the importance of non-metallic materials in production

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss uses of rubber (tires, footwear, seals)
- Discuss uses of cement (constructing buildings, making roads)
- Discuss uses of glass (windows, bottles, decorative items) and ceramics (tiles, pottery, kitchenware)
- Write summary of uses of non-metallic materials in production

How are rubber, cement, glass and ceramics used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 63
- Realia (measuring tools)

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Choosing appropriate measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify marking out tools used to perform tasks
- Name examples of marking out tools (divider, try-square, marking gauge, dot punch, scriber, pencil, marking knife)
- Appreciate the importance of marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Read the names of marking out tools from pictures
- Discuss what each marking out tool is used for
- Find out more information from internet or print materials about marking out tools

What are marking out tools and how are they used?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 65
- Pictures
- Realia (marking out tools)
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 66
- Measuring tools
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Choosing appropriate marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a tape measure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to select appropriate marking out tools for a given task
- Choose the right marking out tool for different marking tasks
- Appreciate the role of marking out tools in achieving accuracy

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss which tool to use for marking equal distances, checking right angles, marking parallel lines
- Discuss which tool to use for marking centre of circle, marking on metal, drawing guidelines
- Search online or in print materials for more information on use of marking out tools

How do we select the right marking out tool for a task?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 68
- Marking out tools
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 69
- Tape measure
- Piece of wood

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a steel rule
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using callipers to measure external diameter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to use a steel rule
- Use a steel rule to measure and mark objects
- Appreciate the importance of accurate measurement

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Select the correct side of the steel rule (millimetres/centimetres or inches)
- Position the steel rule with "0" mark at starting point
- Read the measurement with eye perpendicular to scale and mark with pencil

How do we use a steel rule for accurate measurement?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 70
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood
- Pencil
- Vernier callipers
- Small pipe

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using callipers to measure internal diameter and depth
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a stopwatch

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to measure internal diameter and depth using callipers
- Use vernier callipers to measure internal diameter and depth of objects
- Value the versatility of callipers

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use smaller inside jaws to measure internal diameter of a beaker
- Extend the depth gauge to measure depth of beaker
- Read and record main scale and vernier scale readings

How do we measure internal diameter and depth using callipers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 71
- Vernier callipers
- Beaker
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 72
- Stopwatch

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using an ammeter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to use an ammeter
- Use an ammeter to measure current in a circuit
- Show interest in electrical measurements

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Set up a circuit with ammeter, dry cells, connecting wires and bulb
- Connect ammeter in series with positive terminal to power source
- Read and record the current measurement

How do we use an ammeter to measure electric current?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 72
- Ammeter
- Dry cells
- Connecting wires
- Bulb

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a voltmeter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to use a voltmeter
- Use a voltmeter to measure voltage in a circuit
- Value safety when working with electrical equipment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Set up a circuit with voltmeter, cells, connecting wires and bulb
- Connect voltmeter in parallel with positive terminal to more positive point
- Read and record the voltage displayed

How do we use a voltmeter to measure voltage?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 73
- Voltmeter
- Cells
- Connecting wires
- Bulb

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a divider

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to use a divider
- Use a divider to mark equal distances on a workpiece
- Appreciate the precision of marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Open or close the legs of the divider using the hinge
- Adjust the length to 10 cm by aligning to steel rule
- Mark the same measurement on surface of wood

How do we use a divider to mark equal distances?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 74
- Divider
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a try-square

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to use a try-square
- Use a try-square to check for squareness and mark 90-degree lines
- Value accuracy in woodworking tasks

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Place the stock of try-square against edge of wood to check squareness
- Check if surface aligns perfectly with blade (no gap means square)
- Use try-square to mark a 90-degree perpendicular line

How do we use a try-square to check for squareness?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 75
- Try-square
- Pieces of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking gauge

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to use a marking gauge
- Use a marking gauge to mark parallel lines on a workpiece
- Show interest in precision marking techniques

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Loosen locking screw and slide fence to set length (5 cm)
- Use ruler to measure length and tighten screw to lock fence
- Place fence against edge of wood and scribe a parallel line

How do we use a marking gauge to mark parallel lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 76
- Marking gauge
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a dot punch and scriber

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to use a dot punch and scriber
- Use a dot punch and scriber to make marks on materials
- Value safety when using marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Mark places on wood using pencil, then use dot punch to create indentations
- Hold dot punch vertically and tap lightly with hammer
- Use scriber to scratch fine lines on metal along a ruler

How do we use a dot punch and scriber for marking?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 77
- Dot punch
- Scriber
- Hammer
- Metal piece
- Steel rule

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking knife

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how to use a marking knife
- Use a marking knife to make clean, sharp lines on wood
- Appreciate the importance of precise marking for cutting

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Make a straight line on wood using pencil and ruler
- Place ruler along desired line and hold marking knife with bevel facing cut area
- Run marking knife along straight edge with light pressure, then deepen the mark

How do we use a marking knife to mark cutting lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 78
- Marking knife
- Straight edge ruler
- Piece of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Importance of tools when performing tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how to care for measuring and marking out tools
- Practise proper care and maintenance of tools
- Value the importance of tool maintenance

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Clean tools using soft cloth and brushes
- Practise storing tools in safe places
- Check tools to make sure they are working correctly

Why is it important to care for measuring and marking out tools?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 79
- Measuring and marking out tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Lubricants
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 83
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Internet access

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Meaning of computer hardware
Computer Hardware - Categories of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the term computer hardware
- Identify examples of computer hardware devices
- Show interest in learning about computer hardware

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss what can be seen in pictures of computer hardware
- Search on internet or print materials for meaning of computer hardware
- Write the definition of computer hardware in exercise book

What is computer hardware?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 85
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Internet access
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Keying and pointing devices
Computer Hardware - Scanning, voice input and touch screen devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe keying and pointing devices
- Use keyboard and mouse to perform tasks on a computer
- Value the role of input devices in computer use

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Type a short paragraph on a computer using keyboard
- Practise using mouse to open, close and move files
- Discuss how each key has a specific function

How do keying and pointing devices help us interact with computers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 86
- Computer
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Scanner
- Microphone
- Touch screen device

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Digitizers and digital cameras
Computer Hardware - Output devices (hard copy and soft copy)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how digitizers and digital cameras work as input devices
- Use a drawing tablet and digital camera to input data
- Show interest in digital input technologies

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Draw simple shapes on a drawing tablet and see result on computer screen
- Take photos with digital camera
- Connect camera to computer and transfer photos for viewing

How do digitizers and digital cameras input data into computers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 87
- Drawing tablet
- Digital camera
- Computer
- Printer
- Monitor
- Speakers

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Fixed and removable storage devices
Computer Hardware - Importance of computer hardware devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe fixed and removable storage devices
- Identify examples of storage devices (hard drive, USB flash drive, CD/DVD, memory card)
- Value the importance of data storage

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify storage devices from pictures
- Discuss fixed storage (hard drive) and removable storage (USB, CD/DVD, memory card)
- Save document to hard drive and USB flash drive

How do storage devices help us save and retrieve data?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 87
- USB flash drive
- CD/DVD
- Memory card
- External hard drive
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 90
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers

- Oral questions - Practical work - Observation

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Defining entrepreneur and entrepreneurship
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Importance of entrepreneurship in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define the terms entrepreneur and entrepreneurship
- Identify examples of entrepreneurs in the community
- Show interest in learning about entrepreneurship

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Read the story of Maneno who started a fruit juice business
- Discuss who an entrepreneur is based on the story
- Discuss the meaning of entrepreneurship and name known entrepreneurs

Who is an entrepreneur and what is entrepreneurship?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 92
- Pictures
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 93
- Charts
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Role of entrepreneurship in economy and technology
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Qualities of an entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Self-assessment on entrepreneurial qualities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how entrepreneurship contributes to capital formation, infrastructure and technology
- Discuss how entrepreneurs make good use of local resources
- Value the contribution of entrepreneurs to national development

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how entrepreneurship contributes to formation of capital
- Discuss how entrepreneurship saves on imports and improves infrastructure
- Discuss how entrepreneurs promote technology and the culture of entrepreneurship

How does entrepreneurship contribute to economic development?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 93
- Charts
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 94
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 95
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Meaning and sources of business ideas
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - More sources of business ideas

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Define a business idea
- Identify sources of business ideas (personal interests, everyday problems, market research)
- Show interest in generating business ideas

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the meaning of a business idea
- Discuss how entrepreneurs get ideas from personal interests and hobbies
- Discuss how everyday problems and market research provide business ideas

What is a business idea and where do business ideas come from?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 95
- Charts
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 96
- Chart papers
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Role of entrepreneurship in community development
Production Unit - Defining a production unit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the role of entrepreneurship in the community
- Create a chart showing roles of entrepreneurs in the community
- Embrace entrepreneurship as a tool for community development

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss what entrepreneurs do in the community
- Discuss how entrepreneurs grow economy, provide employment, bring new ideas and tackle challenges
- Create a chart showing roles of entrepreneurs and display for feedback

What role does entrepreneurship play in our community?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 97
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 98
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Chart making - Debate - Oral questions

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Introduction to location factors
Production Unit - Access to materials and customers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain factors considered when choosing the location of a production unit
- Analyse why entrepreneurs choose specific locations
- Appreciate the importance of location in business success

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study picture of cyber cafe in town and discuss its location
- Discuss why the owner chose that location (number of people around)
- Search on internet or books for factors that determine location of production unit

Why do entrepreneurs choose specific locations for their businesses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 99
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 100
- Charts
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Competition and growth opportunities
Production Unit - Field visit to local production units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how competition and growth opportunities affect location choice
- Analyse advantages of locating away from competing businesses
- Appreciate the need for strategic thinking in location decisions

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how locating where there are fewer competing businesses gives advantage
- Discuss how being near suppliers reduces delays in obtaining materials
- Discuss how well-chosen location helps business grow and expand

How do competition and growth opportunities influence business location?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 100
- Charts
- Internet access
- Local production units
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Number of employees and volume of goods
Production Unit - Buildings, capital and production methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain how number of employees and volume of goods affect size of production unit
- Compare sizes of different production units
- Appreciate that production units vary in size

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures of salon and cyber cafe and discuss space requirements
- Discuss how number of employees determines size (more employees = larger unit)
- Discuss how volume of goods produced determines size

How do employees and production volume affect the size of a production unit?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 101
- Pictures
- Charts
- Charts
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Visiting and analysing local production units
Production Unit - Access to materials, labour and skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify factors that determine size of production units in the locality
- Analyse the size of visited production units
- Show interest in understanding business size decisions

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Talk about production unit visited previously
- Describe the size of the production unit visited
- Discuss factors that determined the size and share with peers

What factors determined the size of businesses in our community?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 101
- Exercise books
- Local production units
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 102
- Role play materials

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written reports

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Labour costs and business advantages
Financial Goals - Meaning of financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe how suitable location affects labour costs and business advantages
- Create a chart showing importance of suitable location
- Value the importance of location planning in entrepreneurship

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how suitable location helps attract labour at reasonable costs
- Search on internet or print materials for more importance of suitable location
- Create chart showing importance of locating production unit in suitable area

How does suitable location give a business advantages?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 102
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 103
- Mind map
- Charts

- Chart making - Presentations - Oral questions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Importance of financial goals
Financial Goals - Benefits of financial discipline

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the importance of setting goals in financial management
- Relate financial goals to saving and planning
- Appreciate the value of setting financial goals

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Listen to resource person talk about financial discipline
- Discuss what helps know what you are working towards with money
- Discuss what helps know how much money to save or spend

Why is it important to set financial goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 104
- Resource person
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 105
- Dialogue script

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - More benefits of setting financial goals
Financial Goals - Factors to consider when setting goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Explain additional benefits of setting financial goals (planning, saving, responsibility, avoiding debt)
- Create a chart showing importance of setting financial goals
- Appreciate financial planning for personal development

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how setting goals makes saving money easier
- Discuss how goals help learn to take care of money and prevent debt
- Find out from internet more information on importance of setting financial goals

How do financial goals help with saving and responsibility?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 106
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Chart making - Oral questions - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - More factors for setting financial goals
Financial Goals - Setting SMART financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Describe additional factors (purpose, deadline, priority, challenges, flexibility, commitment)
- Apply factors when formulating personal financial goals
- Value careful consideration in goal setting

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss stating the purpose of the goal and setting a deadline
- Discuss considering current income, prioritising goals and planning for challenges
- Watch video clips online on factors to consider when setting financial goals

How do we plan for challenges when setting financial goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 107
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Internet access
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Video discussion

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Creating SMART financial goals
Financial Goals - Observing financial discipline
Financial Goals - Benefits of financial discipline in financial management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Formulate SMART financial goals for individual development
- Create a timeline and savings plan for a financial goal
- Show commitment to achieving personal financial goals

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Set a financial goal (e.g., buying a storybook) and create a timeline
- Consider how much to save each week and when to reach the goal
- Create a plan while considering SMART factors

How do we create a SMART financial goal?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 108
- Exercise books
- Charts
- Chart papers
- Markers

- Practical work - Written assignments - Peer assessment